Lesson 2 The Sexual Self (Autosaved)

Understanding the
Prepared by: Components of Sexual

Leah Espejo-Garcia Identity
Social and Behavioral Sciences
Instructor
Learning Objectives
•Identify the stages in the
unfolding of the sexual self.
•Determine the difference between
sex and gender.
•Decipher the consequences of
uncontrolled sexuality.
•Learn ways to prevent the spread
of STDs.
Understanding the Sexual
Self
•Sexual identity shapes the
individual’s sense of self.
•Influenced by both internal and

external experiences.
•Sexual identity evolves

throughout a person’s lifetime.
Puberty and Physical
Changes
•Puberty signals the onset of
sexual maturity.
•Key hormones: Testosterone
(males), Estrogen &
Progesterone (females).
•Changes: Body growth,
development of primary and
secondary sexual
characteristics.
Key Developments in
Puberty
•Menarche: Onset of
menstruation in females.
•Spermarche: First
ejaculation in males.
•Physical transformations
(muscle mass in males,
wider hips in females).
Gender Identity
Development
Gender identity: Decision to
be masculine, feminine, or
both.
Sex vs. Gender:
• Sex: Biological, based
on chromosomes (XX for
females, XY for males).
• Gender: Sociological,
based on social roles
and expectations.
Uncontrolled Sexuality
Consequences
•Promiscuity leads to higher risk of

sexually transmitted diseases
(STDs).
•Sexuality must be responsibly

expressed to avoid harmful
consequences.
What are STDs?
•Diseases transmitted
through sexual contact
or unhygienic
practices.
•Caused by bacteria,
viruses, fungi,
parasites.
STDs Caused by Bacteria
•Chlamydia: Common and
curable.
•Gonorrhea: Can lead to

complications like HIV
transmission.
•Syphilis: Causes long-term

damage if untreated.
•Granuloma inguinale
•Lymphogranuloma Venereum
•Chancroid
CHANCROID
-a highly contagious yet curable sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by the
bacteria Haemophilus ducreyi [hum-AH-fill-us DOO-cray]. Chancroid causes ulcers, usually
of the genitals.
The bacteria are usually spread through sex
or contact with infected genital fluids (semen
or vaginal fluid). You can get chlamydia
CHLAMYDIAthrough: unprotected vaginal, anal or oral
sex. sharing sex toys that are not washed or
covered with a new condom each time
they're used.
GONORRHE
A
-can infect the urethra,
rectum, female
reproductive tract,
mouth, throat or eyes.
Gonorrhea is most
commonly spread during
vaginal, oral or anal
sexual activity. But
babies can get the
infection during
childbirth. In babies,
gonorrhea most
GRANULOMA
INGUINALE
It's a type of sexually
transmitted infection
(STI). In rare cases,
someone can contract
granuloma inguinale
through nonsexual
contact. Donovanosis
LYMPHOGRANULOMA VENEREUM
-an ulcerative disease of the genital
area.
It is an
uncommon,
sexually
transmitted
infection. It is
transmittable by
vaginal, oral or
anal sex.
SYPHILIS
-a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that's treatable with medication. Without treatment,
syphilis causes serious health problems. It can permanently damage your heart, brain,
muscles, bones and eyes. To reduce your risk of infection, always use a condom during sex.
Syphilis is a preventable and curable bacterial
sexually transmitted infection (STI). If untreated, it
can cause serious health issues.
Many people with syphilis do not have symptoms or

do not notice them.
Syphilis is transmitted during oral, vaginal and anal

sex, in pregnancy and through blood transfusion.
Syphilis in pregnancy may lead to stillbirth, newborn
death and babies born with syphilis (congenital
syphilis).
Correct and consistent use of condoms during sex
can prevent syphilis.
Rapid tests can provide results in a few minutes,
which allows treatment initiation on the same clinic
visit.
STDs Caused by Viruses
•Genital Herpes: Painful

sores, no cure.
•Hepatitis B and D, A*, C*,

E*
•HPV: Can cause genital

warts and cancer.
•HIV/AIDS: A lifelong
condition affecting the
immune system
•Molluscum Contagiosum
Genital Herpes
Genital herpes is a herpes infection of the genitals caused by the herpes simplex
virus. Most people either have no or mild symptoms and thus do not know they are
infected. When symptoms do occur, they typically include small blisters that break
open to form painful ulcers.
While there is no cure for

herpes, the severity of the virus
varies over the course of an
infected person's lifetime. In
fact, some people with the
disease do not experience any
symptoms for extended periods.
They may still shed the virus,
though, even when no
Genital
Warts
-sexually
transmitted
infection (STI) that
causes warts
(small bumps or
growths) to form
in and around
your genitals and
rectum.
Genital warts can be
treated, but they can't be
cured. You're removing the
warts, but you'll still have
the HPV that causes them.
The HPV may go away at
some point on its own, but
there's no way to know for
sure. Some people will get
warts again and others
won't.
Hepatitis B
and D
-sexually
transmitted
disease, but it is
spread in other
ways, too. This is a
hardy virus that can
exist on almost any
surface for up to
one month. You can
get infected
through contact
with an infected
person's blood or
HIV/AIDS
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a virus that attacks the body's immune system. Acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) occurs at the most advanced stage of infection. HIV targets
the body's white blood cells, weakening the immune system.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is an infection that attacks the body’s immune system. Acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the most advanced stage of the disease.
HIV targets the body’s white blood cells, weakening the immune system. This makes it easier to get sick with
diseases like tuberculosis, infections and some cancers.
HIV is spread from the body fluids of an infected person, including blood, breast milk, semen and vaginal fluids.
It is not spread by kisses, hugs or sharing food. It can also spread from a mother to her baby.
HIV can be treated and prevented with antiretroviral therapy (ART). Untreated HIV can progress to AIDS, often
after many years.
Molluscum Contagiosum
-causes small, raised bumps that: Usually look white, pink or
the same color as your skin. Feel firm, sometimes with a dip in
the center. Appear anywhere on your body
Molluscum contagiosum usually gets better without
treatment in 6 months to 2 years. Once the bumps
are gone, you're no longer contagious. After healing,
it's possible to become reinfected with the virus.
STD
caused by
PROTOZOA
N
Trichomoniasi
s
-caused by a one-celled
protozoan, a type of tiny
parasite called
Trichomonas vaginalis.
The parasite passes
between people during
genital contact,
including vaginal, oral or
anal sex. The infection
can be passed between
men and women,
women, and sometimes
men.
Is it curable?
It is treatable and
curable. In 2020
there were
approximately 156
million new cases
of T. vaginalis
infection among
people aged 15–49
years old.
STDs Caused by
Fungi
Jock Itch
Tinea cruris, also known as jock itch, is a common
type of contagious, superficial fungal infection of the
groin and buttocks region, which occurs
predominantly but not exclusively in men and in hot-
humid climates.
The fastest way to cure jock itch is to use an OTC or
prescription antifungal cream, ointment, gel, spray
or powder. In more serious cases, your healthcare
provider may prescribe antifungal pills to treat jock
itch. For faster recovery, it's also important to keep
Yeast Infection
A vaginal yeast infection is a fungal infection
that causes irritation, discharge and intense
itchiness of the vagina and the vulva — the
tissues at the vaginal opening. Also called
vaginal candidiasis, vaginal yeast infection
affects up to 3 out of 4 women at some point
Taking
in theiran antifungal medication for three to
lifetimes.
seven days will usually clear a yeast infection.
Antifungal medications — which are available
as creams, ointments, tablets and
suppositories — include miconazole (Monistat
3) and terconazole.
STDs
Caused by
Parasites
Pubic Hair Lice or Crabs
Pubic lice can be treated with a cream or
lotions prescribed by your doctor.
Depending on the severity of the infection,
your doctor may advise applying the cream
to the affected area only, or all over your
body. You should examine your whole body
for lice or ask someone else to help you
check.
Sarcoptes
Scabiei
Sarcoptes scabiei or the itch
mite is a parasitic mite found
in all parts of the world that
burrows into skin and causes
scabies. Humans become
infested by Sarcoptes scabiei
var. hominis; other mammals
can be infested with different
varieties of the mite.
Preventing STDs
Monogamous
relationships.
Practice abstinence.
Use protection (e.g.,
condoms).
Regular medical checkups.

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Understanding the

Prepared by: Components of Sexual

•Influenced by both internal and

•Sexual identity evolves

•Promiscuity leads to higher risk of

•Sexuality must be responsibly

•Gonorrhea: Can lead to

•Syphilis: Causes long-term

Many people with syphilis do not have symptoms or

Syphilis is transmitted during oral, vaginal and anal

•Genital Herpes: Painful

•Hepatitis B and D, A, C,

•HPV: Can cause genital

While there is no cure for

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