Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2

INTRODUCTION
Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Venereal diseases which are commonly known as sexually
transmitted diseases (STDs) are infectious diseases transmitted
through sexual contact. It is also referred by the name reproductive
tract infections (RTI). AIDS, Gonorrhoea, syphilis, genital herpes and
warts, chlamydiosis and hepatitis-B are few commonly known STDs.
Bacteria, viruses, and parasites of different strain have contributed
their shares. The majority of these diseases develop without showing
any symptoms which increase the risk factors, especially in women.
Risk factors include infertility, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID),
abortions, ectopic pregnancies, and in worse conditions, it may even
lead to cancer of the reproductive tract. Unusual discharges from
genitals, genital ulcers, tumours, itching, etc. are few signs and
symptoms of STDs.
Sexually transmitted diseases are the name given collectively to the

diseases which spread sexually. However, every STD is not sexually
transmitted; they can spread through non-sexual contact also. Non-
contact modes include transfusion of contaminated blood and tissue,
breastfeeding, sharing of syringes, etc. STDs like AIDS can be passed
from the mother to her child during birth, or after birth through
breastfeeding. Hence, proper diagnosis and treatment are necessary
before its blowout. Medical field researchers have a solution for every
STD, while hepatitis-B, genital herpes, and HIV infections stand out
of the list. These diseases still baffle them.
LIST OF SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED
DISEASES
List of all STDs and Symptoms

As mentioned earlier, there are various diseases categorized under
STDs. Sexually transmitted disease list is as follows:
 AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency

Syndrome):
The most common and chronic sexually transmitted disease is
AIDS. It is caused by HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus).
Generally, the immune system is destroyed by HIV, and the
body becomes weak. When a person is infected by AIDS, he is
susceptible to various other diseases. Direct sexual contact is the
most probable way of transmission of HIV.
The initial symptoms of HIV are headache, swollen lymph

nodes, rashes, fever and chills, and nausea. No cure for AIDS
has been found so far, but effective treatment can increase the
lifetime of the patient for a few years. AIDS can be prevented
by ensuring protective sexual intercourse.
 Gonorrhoea:
The bacteria, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, is the agent of this STD. In
this disease, both males and females can be affected. The
urogenital pathway, including the rectum, urethra, and cervix (in
females only), are mostly affected. Gonorrhoea, like other
STDs, is majorly transmitted through direct sexual contact. Oral
and anal sex are also the ways through which gonorrhoea is
transmitted.
The symptoms of gonorrhoea are- discharge of pus from the
penis, burning sensation during urination (in males), and
similarly discharge of pus from the vagina, pelvic or abdominal
pain (in females). Gonorrhoea can be prevented by protected
sexual intercourse.
 Syphilis:
The bacteria, Treponema pallidum, is the causative agent of this
STD. The bacteria find their path in the body through various
wounds. Syphilis can also be transmitted from infected pregnant
mothers to their children. The early symptoms include a sore
that is termed as ‘Chancre’. The other symptoms include
headache, loss of weight, fatigue, rashes, fever, etc. In the later
stages, it may lead to a complete stop of mental growth, loss of
vision, heart disease, etc. Syphilis can be prevented by avoiding
unprotected sexual contact and other steps as taken for any STD.
 Chlamydia:
It is caused by a bacterium named Chlamydia trachomatis. Very
few symptoms are associated with this disease in the early
stages. But symptoms at later stages include pain during
discharge of urine, yellow discharge from penis or vagina, etc. If
left untreated, these may lead to infertility and diseases causing
inflammation of the pelvic girdle. It may also spread from the
pregnant mother to the newborn baby, causing blindness,
pneumonia, and several other complications.
SYMPTOMS
 STD Symptoms in Males:
It is possible to catch an STD without experiencing any
symptoms. However, certain STDs produce visible symptoms.
Common symptoms in males include:
 Discomfort or pain during sex or urination.
 Blisters, pimples, or rashes on or around the penis, testicles,
anus, buttocks, thighs, or mouth abnormal discharge or bleeding
from the penis painful or enlarged testicles.
 Depending on the STD, specific symptoms may differ.
 STD Symptoms in Females:

STDs do not always create visible symptoms. When they
happen, women's frequent STD symptoms include:
 Discomfort or pain during sex or urination.
 Blisters, pimples, or rashes on or around the vagina, anus,
buttocks, thighs, or mouth unusual vaginal discharge or bleeding
itching in or around the vagina.
 The precise symptoms of one STD may differ from another.
Physical contaminations and illnesses (STIs and STDs) are
communicated through vaginal, butt-centric, or oral sexual
contact. Indications of an STD for those with a vagina also
include:
 Vaginal tingling
 Rashes
 Surprising release
Numerous STIs show no indications by any means. If left
untreated, they can prompt an expanded danger of cervical
disease. These dangers make it much more critical to rehearse
more secure sex.
PREVENTION
TECHNIQUES
Despite advances in technology, STDs continue to pose a significant
threat to the nation. We see a lot of commercials on TV for
programmes that promote healthy sexual behaviours and raise
awareness about sexually transmitted illnesses (STDs). All the
government’s and non-governmental organisations' efforts are
directed at building a reproductively healthy society.
To limit future waves, general knowledge of STDs is required. One of

the actions taken by the government to raise awareness among
teenagers regarding safe sexual behaviours is the implementation of
sex education. Aside from raising awareness and educating people, it
is also critical to provide adequate medical care for people suffering
from STDs.
Obtaining a vaccination. Getting vaccinated early, before sexual

exposure, can also help against some forms of STIs. Human
papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis A, and hepatitis B vaccines are
available.
Remember that non-barrier contraception, such as birth control tablets
or intrauterine devices (IUDs), do not protect against STIs.
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that I of class 12,
PCB has successfully completed
the project
On the topic Sexually Transmitted
Diseases during the academic
session 2024-2025
Subject Teacher
____________
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to all those who have
contributed to the completion of this project. Their support, guidance, and
assistance have been invaluable throughout the entire process.
First and foremost, I would like to thank my teacher, Devyani Ma’am, for
their unwavering support and expertise. Their insightful feedback and
constructive criticism have greatly influenced the direction and quality of
this project.
Furthermore, I am indebted to the participants who generously volunteered
their time and contributed their expertise to this study. Their willingness to
engage in interviews, surveys, or experiments has been crucial in gathering
the necessary data and insights for this project.
Lastly, I would like to acknowledge my friends and family for their
unwavering support and encouragement throughout this endeavor. Their
belief in my abilities has provided me with the motivation and resilience
needed to overcome challenges and complete this project.
Although it is impossible to name everyone individually, please accept my
heartfelt appreciation for the role each one of you has played in making
this project a reality.
Thank you
INDEX
1.Introduction
# Sexually Transmitted Diseases
2.List of Sexually transmitted diseases

# AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome)
# Gonorrhea
# Syphilis
# Chlamydia
3.Symptoms
# STD symptoms in male
# STD symptoms in females
4.Prevention Techniques
BIBLIOGRAPHY
For successful completion for the project file.
I have taken help from the following websites
Links: - # www.google.com
# www.Wikipedia.com
# www.reddit.com
# google images
# www.youtube.com

Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Sexually Transmitted Diseases 2

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

INTRODUCTION

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Sexually transmitted diseases are the name given collectively to the

List of all STDs and Symptoms

 AIDS (Acquired Immuno Deficiency

The initial symptoms of HIV are headache, swollen lymph

 STD Symptoms in Females:

To limit future waves, general knowledge of STDs is required. One of

Obtaining a vaccination. Getting vaccinated early, before sexual

2.List of Sexually transmitted diseases

# STD symptoms in females

You might also like