THE DEVELOPMENT

OF INFORMATION AGE

MST2: WEEK 9
 INFORMATION AGE

 Imagine a day without technology. How would you feel?

What would you do?
 From our own experiences, we know that technologies are
integral to our day to day lives.
 They are present in our homes, in our schools, workplaces
and public places like malls. Hence, it is hard to imagine
life without technology.
 INFORMATION AGE

 There are so many modern technologies today. These

technologies influence human lives and the society as a
whole. One aspect that technologies has greatly affected
is information.
 Communicating or exchanging information is important to
humans due to a wide array of reasons. However, it can be
limited by:
 Distance
 Time
 INFORMATION AGE

 The attempt of humans to address the three limitations of

communication or exchange of information led to new technologies.
 These technologies affected the social, political and economic
role of information leading to the so-called Information
Revolutions.
 The start of the information revolution was made possible by the
invention of language, writing and printing, and they greatly
improved how human exchange information and communicate.
 From these, early and primitive forms of information and
communication technology were developed.
 INFORMATION AGE
 The following were ways of exchanging
information in the past:
 drum rolls
 fire signals
 hand signals
 use of pigeons
 use of flags and
 papyrus
 Many of them are still in use today,
however, they remain to have
limitations.
 FIRST INFORMATION REVOLUTION

 Information Revolutions aimed

to address the limitations of
communication.
 The First Information
Revolution began in the mid-
nineteenth century with the
invention of the telegraph,
telephone and radio. It
lasted until the 1950s.
 FIRST INFORMATION REVOLUTION
 American inventor Samuel Morse was
credited for developing the first
operational model of the telegraph.
 His prototype was patented in 1940,
but was first used in 1945.
 The use of the telegraph became
widespread in America and then in
Europe.
 It increased the connection between
people separated by great distances.
 FIRST INFORMATION REVOLUTION

 The telegraph played an important role during the American

Civil War.
 It was used by the US Government to communicate military
information, command, and intelligence reports to its troops.
 Telegraphs were also used by diplomatic offices in Europe to
communicate with other countries.
 This enabled easier communication and linkage among
countries.
FIRST INFORMATION REVOLUTION
 After the invention of the telegraph, the
telephone was invented.
 The first telephonic device was developed by
Johann Philip Reis. However, Alexander
Graham Bell was credited for the invention of the
telephone in 1876.
 Unlike telegraphs, telephones can send sound
waves.
 After its invention, the telephone became very
popular in the US and eventually, in Europe.
 Networks of telephone communication were
established, and impacted businesses, military,
foreign affairs and many other human activities.
 FIRST INFORMATION REVOLUTION
 The radio is another important technology of the First
Information Revolution.
 It was Guglielmo Marconi who invented and patented
the first radio, however, his radio can only send Morse
codes.
 It was Reginald Fessenden who discovered how to
send voice and music through the radio.
 Radio networks and stations were eventually
established in the US and in Europe.
 Radios were used by the military during the World Wars.
 After the wars, the radio played a key part in the
development of the broadcasting (news) and the music
industries.
 SECOND INFORMATION REVOLUTION

 The Second Information Revolution began in the 1950s until the

1980s.
 It further improved communication due to the invention of the
television, early generation computers, and satellites. This
revolution made the "world smaller".
 The television was actually developed in the 1920s based on the
work of 3 inventors.
 Farnsworth invented the process of image scanning.
 Zworykin invented the iconoscope tube and the kinescope television
tube.
 Dumont invented the receiver picture tube.
 SECOND INFORMATION REVOLUTION

 The development of the early computers were due to the needs of

the military.
 John Vincent Atanasoff was credited for developing the first
electronic digital computer in 1939.
 Alan Turing developed the first working digital computer, the
“Collossus”.
 It was used during World War II to decode Nazi war codes.
 SECOND INFORMATION REVOLUTION

 In 1946, J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly developed ENIAC or

Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator.
 The problem with ENIAC and other first-generation computers was that
they used vacuum tubes which generated a lot of heat causing overheating
or burning out.
 The problem on overheating led to the development of transistors by
William Shockley, Walter Brattain, and John Bardeen.
 The use of transistors are the basis for the second-generation
computers.
 The second-generation computers were smaller, faster and more reliable.
 SECOND INFORMATION REVOLUTION
 The invention of integrated
circuits led to the development of
the third-generation computers.
 The development of the early
computers is significant as it
demonstrated the synergy from the
collaboration among the
government, the military and the
industry in doing innovation.
SECOND INFORMATION REVOLUTION
 Early computers made it easier to
manipulate, transmit, process, and
store data.
 It helped in linking people,
industries and governments
together.
 Early computers were replaced by
modern, more advanced models.
To-date, the impact of computers
to society continues to be
remarkable.
 SECOND
 In order to transmit telephone INFORMATION
and REVOLUTION
television signals in a global scale,
satellites were developed and enabled
global communication.
 Sputnik 1 was the first artificial
satellite, and it was developed by then
Soviet Union and was launched in 1957.
 This marked the beginning of the so-called
Space Age.
 In the US, the military launched its first
satellite, the SCORE or Signal
Communications by Orbiting Relay
Equipment, in 1958.
SECOND INFORMATION REVOLUTION
 The development of satellites were
initially done by the military for military
purposes.
 Eventually satellites were developed by
civilians for non-military use.
 Syncom III was the first civilian
telecommunications satellite.
 It was launched into orbit in 1964.
 It was developed by NASA and was used
to broadcast the 1964 Summer Olympics.
 Intelsat I or the 'Early Bird' was the first
commercial communications satellite.
 It was launched in 1965 and was developed by
Hughes Aircraft Company (now Boeing
Satellite Systems).
 Satellite technologies were further improved and
developed, and enabled global communications,
and the rise of television networks, and
telecommunications companies.
 Satellites allowed governments and companies
to send information with privacy, reliability and
timeliness.
 THIRD INFORMATION REVOLUTION

 The technologies of the first two Information Revolutions paved the

way for more technologies and innovations which led to the Third
Information Revolution.
 The main technologies of the Third Information Revolution are:
 advanced  advanced networking
semiconductors  improved human-computer
 advanced computers interaction
 fiber optics  digital transmission and
 cellular technology
 digital compression.
 satellite technology
 THIRD INFORMATION REVOLUTION
 Semiconductors are the most
significant technology that significantly
increased the ability of storing,
processing, and transmitting
information.
 M9636KK LM324N The Phote By Lejla
Peace is licensed under CC Because of
semiconductors, memory storage
increased dramatically from 10,000 bits
of information in 1978 to 160 trillion bits
of information in 2017.
 THIRD INFORMATION REVOLUTION

 Microprocessors were also rapidly developed.

 In the 1980s, a microprocessor contained around 10,000 transistors.
 In 2018, microprocessors with 6.9 billion transistors were developed.
THIRD INFORMATION REVOLUTION

 The fourth generation computers

were made possible by the
development of computer chips that
have hundreds of thousands of
components.
THIRD INFORMATION REVOLUTION
 The fifth generation computers
used multiple processing units
allowing the simultaneous processing
of data.
 Supercomputers were part of the
fifth generation.
 Advanced computers allowed easier
and faster transmission of voices,
photos, digital data and other forms of
information.
 Processing and storage of data were
made better and more efficient.
 THIRD INFORMATION REVOLUTION
 Cable television, telephone and
telegraph use copper wires or
coaxial cables.
 The problem with copper wires is that
they are prone to attenuation and
leakage.
 Also, copper wires and coaxial cables
have limitations on the data that they
can handle.
THIRD INFORMATION REVOLUTION
 The invention of fiber optics addressed
these problems.
 Fiber optics are extremely thin glass
fibers that can carry information from one
source to another.
 It is faster in terms of transmission of
information.
 Copper wires can transmit hundreds of
thousands of bits of information while fiber
optics can transmit billions of bits of
information.
THIRD INFORMATION REVOLUTION
 Transmitters and receivers are usually large,
heavy and difficult to carry or move.
 The development of cellular technology
solved the problem.
 Cellular technologies led to the development
of cellular phones which made communication
easier among individuals.
 Cellular phones can also store and process
data.
 Its widespread use started in the 1970s.
 Today, cellular phones are not only being used
for communication but also for other purposes
such as photography, music, videos, navigation,
and eLearning among others.
 THIRD INFORMATION REVOLUTION

 Satellite technologies helped build the global

communication infrastructure.
 They are being used for telephone, television, radio and
even weather and climate equipment.
 Satellites enabled the global broadcast of events, shows,
international teleconferencing, international phone calls
and other forms of global connectivity.
 THIRD INFORMATION REVOLUTION
 Networking or advanced networks enhanced
the connectivity and communication worldwide.
 The largest form of advanced network is the
INTERNET.
 The use of the Internet is so widespread, more
than half of the world's population is using it.
 There are at least 1.6 billion websites worldwide.
 The Internet made possible the development of
social media, online libraries, electronic mail, video
calls, e-learning and e-commerce.
 Today, the goal is to develop a fully integrated,
high-speed, high- capacity network.
THIRD INFORMATION REVOLUTION
 Initially, one key challenge in the use of computers is
the lack of “good human-computer interaction”
 Previous models of computers were not user- friendly;
they were complex to operate.
 HCI CI Today, with advancement in technologies and
industrial design, major progress were made in terms of
human-computer interaction.
 The increase in the data processing capacity of
computers led to the simplification of user interphase.
 Today, computers are easy to use and also have
become more affordable.
 This allowed the democratization of access to
computers and even to other gadgets that use similar
technologies.
 THIRD INFORMATION REVOLUTION
 In order to further improve communication, digital
transmission was developed.
 It used digital signals instead of analog signals.
 Digital signals are more efficient and effective.
 The use of digital signals allowed the development of
digital compression or the lowering of the size of
data or information.
 Digital compression allowed more data storage,
which resulted to easier and faster data transmission.
 Digital technologies are so ubiquitous nowadays.
 They are widely used and relevant in almost all
aspects of human life.
 THIRD INFORMATION REVOLUTION

 The Third Information revolution resulted to the

following:
 increase in the speed of information transmission
 greater capacity to transmit information
 more flexibility in the flow of information
 greater access to information by the people, institutions and
businesses
 heightened demand for more new technologies or improvements
in the current ones
 IMPACT OF THE INFORMATION AGE
 The Information Age has the
following positive impacts:
 It enabled greater connectivity
of people around the world.
 Citizens in Japan or in Spain would
know what is happening in
Argentina or Australia.
 Overseas Filipino Workers in the
Middle East can talk to their
families in the Philippines because
of online video calls.
IMPACT OF THE INFORMATION AGE
 It made many aspects of day to
day life more convenient.
 In getting government documents,
online portals can now be used.
 Shopping can now be done online.
 Job applications can be done
online.
 Online education is now also
possible.
 IMPACT OF THE INFORMATION AGE

 Information technologies
made possible the creation
of online communities.
 People with common
interests such as hobbies,
expertise, and advocacies
can now communicate, share
ideas, and “meet” online.
IMPACT OF THE INFORMATION AGE
 It made information more
accessible.
 Almost all information can be
accessed through the Internet.
 Never in human history has so
much information become so
accessible at so much speed.
 However, it is important to validate
the source of information and to
critically analyze the information.
 DOWNSIDES OF THE INFORMATION AGE
 The Information Age also has the
the following downsides:
 Many information are false and
misleading.
 Sharing and access to information in
the Internet is difficult to regulate.
 This leads to proliferation of false
information like 'fake news’.
 This can result to many serious
negative social, political and
economic implications.
DOWNSIDES OF THE INFORMATION AGE

 Information technologies were

also used and allowed the
conduct of crimes and illegal
activities.
 Online sharing of dirty and
pornographic materials, illegal
trading, phishing, hacking and
identity theft in social media, and
cyber bullying became possible.
 DOWNSIDES OF THE INFORMATION AGE
 It created a “Digital Divide”
 The Global Digital Divide
 Divide refers to the non-physical
boundary between those who have access
and are literate on information
technologies versus those who are not.
 Those who have access can take
advantage of the benefits of the
information age, while those who don't
have access are further deprived of
opportunities.
DOWNSIDES OF THE INFORMATION AGE
 It affected human's productivity and
flourishing
 Many human skills are being replaced by
information technology, hence workers
face the constant threat of losing jobs.
 On one hand, many individuals are also
addicted to online media, online games,
and other online activities that take
away time from having real human
interactions.
 CONCLUSION

 Definitely, the Information Age has significant impact to human

society.
 There are many benefits brought about by technologies developed
during this period, but there are also downsides that we need to be
aware of and need to address.
 -end-
Thank you!