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    1 Introduction

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    Introduction

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    Introduction

    Copyright:

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    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    3 views7 pages

    1 Introduction

    Uploaded by

    kynnza18
    Introduction

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 7

    Introduction

    Economic botany is the study of the relationship between people


    (individuals and cultures) and plants. It includes many fields e.g.
    agronomy, anthropology, archaeology, chemistry, economics,
    ethnobotany, ethnology, forestry, genetic resources, geography,
    geology, horticulture, medicine, microbiology, nutrition,
    pharmacognosy, and pharmacology.This link between botany and
    anthropology explores that how humans use plants for food,
    medicines, and commerce.
    There are three basic necessaties of man and all these are fulfilled by plants
    (1)Food (2) Clothing (3) Shelter
    1. FOOD:
    (i) Cereals:
    These are group of plants belonging to family poaceae.
    Wheat (Triticum aestivum)
    Wheat is the staple food of 35% of world population, also staple food of
    Pakistan
    Maize (Corn)( Zea mays L.)
    It is the most abundantly produced cereal in the world. It is grown in all
    continents except Antarctica. Maize is staple food of more than 300 million
    African people
    Rice ( Oryza sativa )
    China has highest rice consumption followed by India and Indonesia
    Brley ( Hordeum vulgare)
    Oat ( Avena sativa)
    Sorgum (Sorghum vulgare)
    Millet ( Pennisetum typhoides)
    (ii) Pulses:
    Pulses belong to Fabaceae (Leguminoseae), also known as
    lagumes. These are significant source of proteins, dietary fibers and
    carbohydrates. These legumes have root nodules that are used for
    nitrogen fixation.
    Lentil ( Lens culinaris )
    Peanut ( Arachis hypogaea )
    Mung bean ( Vigna radiata)
    Pea ( Pisum sativum )
    Chick Pea (Gram) ( Cicer arietinum )
    Maash (vigna mungo)
    Arhar (Red Gram) ( Cajanus cajan)
    Lobia (Cow pea) ( Vigna unguiculata)
    (iii) Spices:
    Part of plant used to add aroma and flovour and to improve the
    taste of the food.

    Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) Apiaceae


    Thymol seeds ( Ajwain) Trachyspermum ammi Apiaceae
    Garlic (Allium sativum ) Amaryllidaceae
    Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) Apiaceae
    Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Zingiberaceae
    True or Green Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) Zingiberaceae
    Black cardamom (Amomum subulatum) Zingiberaceae
    Caraway (Carum carui) Apiaceae
    Black Pepper (Piper nigrum ) Piperaceae
    Red Chilli (Capsicum frutesence ) Solanaceae
    Clove ( Syzigium aromaticum) Myrtaceae
    Vegetables and Fruits :
    Botanically fruits develop from flower of the plant, while the
    other parts of plants are categorized as
    vegetables.Technically ripened ovary is known as fruit.
    Vegetable is the part of the plant that is either cooked or
    used as raw. It may be any part of plant i.e root, stem, leaf or
    fruit.
    Fruits and vegetables are good source of carbohydrates,
    vitamins and minerals. No single fruit or vegetable provides
    all of nutrients. A diet rich in vegetables can lower the blood
    pressure and risk of heart attack, can prevent cancer and
    digestive problems. Many fruits are naturally low in fat,
    sodium and calories and are source of many essential
    nutrients i.e potassium, vitamins A & C, folate and dietary
    fibers.
    2: Clothing
    (i) Cotton (Malvaceae)
    It accounts for about 80% of world natural fibre production.
    Gossypium barbadense. ( sea island, Egyption cotton, extra long staple cotton)
    This species contributes about 5 % of the world cotton production. It is now cultivated all
    around the world.
    Gossypium hirsutum. ( upland cotton or Mexican cotton)
    90% production in the world is from cultivars of this species
    Gossypium arboreum: ( Tree cotton)
    It is species native to Pakistan, India and Bangladesh, and other tropical and subtropical
    regions of the world.
    Gossypium herbaceum:( Levant Cotton)
    It is native to semi arid regions of Africa and Arabia. It still grows in the wild as perennial
    shrub.
    (ii) Jute (Corchorus capsularis)
    Previous family was Tiliaceae,now in Malvaceae. It is natural fiber known as “Golden fiber”.
    (iii) Flax (Linum usitatissimum), Linaceae
    (iv) Hemp (Cannabis sativa), Cannabaceae
    (v) Paper mulbery ( Broussonetia papyrifera ) invasive cause pollen allergy
    (3) Shelter
    Teak ( Tectona grandis) Lamiaceae
    Pindrow (Abies pindrow) Pinaceae
    munja (Saccharum munja) Poaceae
    elephant grass ( Arundo donax) Poaceae
    tall reed (Phragmites karka) Poaceae
    Thorny Bamboo (Bambusa bambos ) Poaceae
    Hop bush ( Dodonaea viscosa ) Poaceae
    Malabar nut (Justicia adhatoda) Sapindaceae
    Boxwood (Buxus papillosa) Buxaceae
    Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo) Fabaceae

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