ANA 201 - TOPIC - Male-Female-Reproductive Tract

Male Reproductive System
• Organs
• Functions
• Pathway of sperm cells

Male Reproductive System
• Consists of a number of sex organs that are a part of the human reproductive
process.
• Produces, stores and releases the male gamates, or sperm

Male Reproductive Organs
• Internal Genital Organs
• External Genital organs
1. Testis
1. Penis
2. Epididymis
2. Scrotum 3. Vas deferens
4. Accessory glands
a. Seminal vesicles
b. Prostate gland
c. Bulbourethral gland
Male Reproductive Organs
External Genital Organs
• Penis
• scrotum
Penis
• The penis is the organ by which sperm is introduced into the female.
• It contains spongy tissue that becomes turgid and erect when filled
with blood
 Erectile tissues
- Corpus spongiosum – is the mass of spongy
tissue which surrounds urethra and involves
in erection by allowing rushing of blood into
it
- Corpus cavernosa – is one of a pair of
sponge-like regions of erectile tissue which
contains most of the blood in the penis
during erection
- Urethra – a tube within the penis that conveys
semen out of the body during ejaculation
- Glans – the rounded, highly sensitive head of
the penis.
- Prepuce – a fold of skin, covering the head of
the penis.
Scrotum
• A pouch of skin formed from the lower part
of the abdominal wall
• The scrotum keeps the testes at a
temperature slightly cooler than body
temperature.
Internal Genital Organs
• Testis
• Epidimys
• Vas deferene
• Seminal vesicles
• Prostate gland
• Bulbourethral Glands
Testes
• The testes are the two-oval
shaped male organs that produce
sperm and hormone testosterone.
• *testosterone – the primary male

sex hormone
Seminiferous Tubules
• Each testis is made of tightly
coiled structures called
seminiferous tubules
• Among tubules are cells that
produce testosterone
Epididymis
• The epididymis is a tightly coiled tubes against the testicles
• It acts as maturation and storage place for sperm

Vas deferens
• The vas deferens is a thin tube that starts from the
epididymis to the urethra in the penis
• They transport sperm from the epididymis in anticipation of
ejaculation
Accessory glands
Seminal vesicles
Prostate gland
Bulbourethral glands
• These glands produce nourishing fluids
for the sperms that enter the urethra

Seminal vesicles
• The seminal vesicles are sac-like
structures attached to the vas
deferens at one side of the bladder
• They produce a sticky yellowish
fluid that contains fructose

Female Reproductive system
• Produce female sex hormones
• Stores female reproductive cells

• Ova (singular: ovum)
Ovaries
• Female sex gland
• Produce female sex hormones
• Store ova (eggs)
• 400,000 at birth
• 1 mature each month
Ovulation: process of releasing a mature
ovum into the fallopian tube each month
• The right ovary will release a mature ovum one
month, and the left ovum will release one the
next month
Fallopian tubes
• A pair of tubes with fingerlike

projections that draw in the ovum
• Eggs travels through the ovaries to

the uterus via the fallopian tube
• Tiny egg-like structures called cilia

line the tubes and move egg along
Uterus
• Hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ
• Nourishes and protect the fertilized egg

Menstruation
• Each month, the uterus prepares for possible pregnancy
• If pregnancy doesn’t occur, the thickened lining of the uterus, called the
endometrium, isn’t needed and it breaks down into blood, tissue and fluids.
• This materials pass through the cervix into the vagina

Endometrium
• Tissue that lines the uterus
• Menstrual cycle
 Day 1-8: after seven days, if the egg does
not fertilize, menstruation begins
 Day 9 – 23: a new egg is maturing inside
the ovary
 Day 24: the mature egg is released into
one of the fallopian tubes
 Day 25 – 28: the egg travels through the
fallopian tube to the uterus
Cervix
• Opening of the uterus
• The lower narrow portion of the uterus where
it joins with the top end of the vagina
• It’s a cylindrical shape
• During menstruation, the cervix stretches
open slightly to allow the endometrium to be
shed
• During child birth, contractions of the uterus
will dilate the cervix up to 10 cm in diameter
to allow the fetus to pass through.
Vagina
• A muscular, elastic passageway

that extends from the uterus to the
outside of the body
• Sperm from the male enters the

female reproductive system
through here
Vulva: the regions of the
external genital organs of the
female, including the:
• Labia majora
• Labia minora
• Clitoris
• Mons pubis
Sex cells
Reproductive tissue:
- A separate tissue
- Kind of epithelial tissue
Composition:
- Sex cells (gamates) – male and female
- “somatic” cells
Embryonic origin
- Premordial germ cells (gonocytes)
• Formation of epiblast – 2nd week of gestation
• Movement to the wall of the yolk sac – 3rd week

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Male Reproductive System

• Pathway of sperm cells

• Produces, stores and releases the male gamates, or sperm

2. Scrotum 3. Vas deferens

- Glans – the rounded, highly sensitive head of

• A pouch of skin formed from the lower part

of the abdominal wall

• The scrotum keeps the testes at a

temperature slightly cooler than body

• The testes are the two-oval

shaped male organs that produce

sperm and hormone testosterone.

• *testosterone – the primary male

• Each testis is made of tightly

coiled structures called

• Among tubules are cells that

• The epididymis is a tightly coiled tubes against the testicles

• It acts as maturation and storage place for sperm

• The vas deferens is a thin tube that starts from the

epididymis to the urethra in the penis

• They transport sperm from the epididymis in anticipation of

• These glands produce nourishing fluids

for the sperms that enter the urethra

• The seminal vesicles are sac-like

structures attached to the vas

deferens at one side of the bladder

• They produce a sticky yellowish

fluid that contains fructose

• Produce female sex hormones

• Stores female reproductive cells

• A pair of tubes with fingerlike

• Eggs travels through the ovaries to

• Tiny egg-like structures called cilia

• Hollow, muscular, pear-shaped organ

• Nourishes and protect the fertilized egg

• Each month, the uterus prepares for possible pregnancy

• This materials pass through the cervix into the vagina

• A muscular, elastic passageway

• Sperm from the male enters the

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