Computing & Ethics

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COMPUTING & ETHICS
COMPUTIN
G & ETHICS
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COMPUTING & ETHICS
INTRODUCTION
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The advancement of the

I n f o r m a t i o n Te c h n o l o g y fi e l d
has resulted in the world
w i t n e s s i n g t r e m e n d o u s l y,
brilliant changes. IT is a
powerful tool if used correctly
in the right hands. It unleashes
the creativity and ideas which
were previously thought to be
u n h e a r d o f. H o w e v e r, e v e r y
rose has its thorn and the
same can be said for the IT
fi e l d . L e t u s s e e h o w :
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ETHICAL ISSUES
IN COMPUTING
Ethics is a set of moral principles that
govern the behaviour of a group or
individual.
Similarly, computer ethics is a set of moral principles that
COMPUTING & ETHICS
regulate the use of computers. Some ethical values are:
• Do not use the computer to harm other people’s data
• Do not use the software unless you pay for this software
• It is wrong to claim ownership of a work that is the

output of someone else’s intellect.
The significance of computer ethics that are discussed

includes societal well-being, honesty and trustworthiness,
safeguard of data, privacy respect, creation of job
opportunities. The need for computer ethics is a result of
the adverse effects brought by computers in society.
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INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY RIGHT
Intellectual property rights (IPR) refers to the legal
rights given to the inventor or creator to protect
his invention or creation for a certain period of
time
COMPUTING & ETHICS
Intellectual software has the following properties:
• Software Patent: A software patent is a patent that protects computer

software. Patent laws can be used to restrict freedom of copying, use,
distribution and modification of published information.
• Software Copyright: Software copyright is the legal protection for code

meant to be read by a machine. It is used by software developers and
owners to keep people from copying their intellectual property without
permission or from using it in any way they haven't agreed to.
• Trademark: A trademark is a type of intellectual property consisting of a

recognizable sign, design, or expression that identifies products or
services from a particular source and distinguishes them from others.
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DATA PROTECTION
ON THE INTERNET
D a t a p r o t e c t i o n c a n b e d e fi n e d a s t h e
security or protection of data or
information on the internet from
computer viruses, spammers or hackers
COMPUTING & ETHICS
The Data Protection Act (1988) plays an important role in

taking care of users and protecting their personal
information. We must take care of the following points to
protect data:
• Do not disclose passwords
• Do not download unwanted software
• Do not read unwanted emails, as they may carry viruses
• Install high quality antivirus programs

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SPAM
Unwanted messages which come into your mailbox
are called Spam and they may carry viruses.
COMPUTING & ETHICS
Ways to stop spam:

• Installing good antivirus software
• Avoid reading e-mail messages from
unrecognized senders and delete them.
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SOFTWARE PIRACY
Software piracy means illegal copying,
reproduction distribution or use of
software. It is also known as act of
stealing legally protected software
COMPUTING & ETHICS
Some forms of piracy are:
• Licensed user duplication for unlicensed users:

Refers to copying/distribution of software
without proper license.
• Illegal internet distribution: When ordering a

software, make sure it is from an authorized
distributor or else there is no guarantee if the
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CYBER CRIME
COMPUTING & ETHICS
Cybercrime is any activity involving a

computer, network or networked device for
criminal means. Cybercrime may harm
someone's security or finances.
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REASONS FOR
CYBER CRIME
Most cybercrime is committed
by cybercriminals or hackers who
COMPUTING & ETHICS
want to make money. However,

occasionally cybercrime aims to
damage computers or networks for
reasons other than profit. These
could be political or personal.
Cybercrime can be carried out by
individuals or organizations.
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CYBER CRIMINALS
The categories of cyber criminals are:
• Organised hackers: Refers to those who are

COMPUTING & ETHICS
organized together to fulfil certain objectives
• Professional hackers: Refers to hackers mostly

employed by business organisations to hack
the websites of their rivals and get credible,
reliable and valuable information.
• Discontent employees: Refers to people who

have been sacked by their employers or are
dissatisfied with their employers.
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PREVENTION OF CYBER CRIME

COMPUTING & ETHICS
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CYBER LAWS
India’s cyber laws are contained in
the Information technology Act
COMPUTING & ETHICS
2000. The act came into effect after

getting clearance from both the
houses of parliament in May 2000.
The bill received the assent of the
President of India in August 2000 as
the IT Act 2000.
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ADVANTAGES OF CYBER LAWS

COMPUTING & ETHICS
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HACKING
H a c k i n g c a n b e d e fi n e d a s a n a t t e m p t
to exploit a computer system. It
mainly involves unauthorized access.
COMPUTING & ETHICS
The reasons for hacking are:
• Theft of service
• To take valuable files
• Thrill and excitement
• Psychologically Disturbed
• For knowledge and experiment

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MALICIOUS CODE
COMPUTING & ETHICS
Malicious code is any type of code that

causes harm to a computer system or
network. This includes viruses, worms,
Trojan horses, ransomware, logic bomb,
and other malicious programs. Malicious
code is the language used by threat
actors to communicate with computers.
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PROTECTION AGAINST
MALICIOUS INTENT
AND MALICIOUS
CODE
The ways to protect our computer system are:
• Use high quality antivirus

COMPUTING & ETHICS
• If you are downloading a potentially corrupted

software, stop the download immediately
• Avoid usage of unauthorized software
• Avoid using memory cards and USB of others

as it may be infected
• Do not open potential spam e-mails

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COMPUTING & ETHICS
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1

COMPUTING & ETHICS

The advancement of the

regulate the use of computers. Some ethical values are:

• Do not use the computer to harm other people’s data

• It is wrong to claim ownership of a work that is the

The significance of computer ethics that are discussed

Intellectual software has the following properties:

• Software Patent: A software patent is a patent that protects computer

• Software Copyright: Software copyright is the legal protection for code

• Trademark: A trademark is a type of intellectual property consisting of a

The Data Protection Act (1988) plays an important role in

• Do not disclose passwords

• Do not download unwanted software

• Do not read unwanted emails, as they may carry viruses

• Install high quality antivirus programs

Ways to stop spam:

Some forms of piracy are:

• Licensed user duplication for unlicensed users:

• Illegal internet distribution: When ordering a

Cybercrime is any activity involving a

want to make money. However,

• Organised hackers: Refers to those who are

organized together to fulfil certain objectives

• Professional hackers: Refers to hackers mostly

• Discontent employees: Refers to people who

PREVENTION OF CYBER CRIME

2000. The act came into effect after

ADVANTAGES OF CYBER LAWS

The reasons for hacking are:

• To take valuable files

• Thrill and excitement

• For knowledge and experiment

Malicious code is any type of code that

• Use high quality antivirus

• If you are downloading a potentially corrupted

• Avoid usage of unauthorized software

• Avoid using memory cards and USB of others

• Do not open potential spam e-mails

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