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    Introduction To Buddhism 9

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    Introduction To Buddhism 9

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    buddhism

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    Introduction to Buddhism 9

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    buddhism

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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    2 views28 pages

    Introduction To Buddhism 9

    Uploaded by

    fatsheep518
    buddhism

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 28

    Lecture Nine

    Chinese Buddhism in the


    imperial times
    PU. CBS. HKU
    7.11. 2023
    Important features
     Deep and wide influence (language, culture,
    art, literature, philosophy, history)whole
    East Asia
     Sinicized (with the help of similar concepts)-
    new traditions; many schools
     Four periods of history:
    • Introduction period: Han to Three Kingdoms
    • Integrating period: Six Dynasties
    • Creative period: Sui, Tang, and Song dynasties
    • Declining period: Yuan (Liao, Jin), Ming, Qing
    dynasties
    Arrival of Buddhism
     Western Han: merchants and monks.
     Not top-to-down transmission: Huanglao
    futu 黄老浮屠
     Emperor Ming’s dream; Scripture in forty-
    two chapters 四十二章經 ;
     fall of the Han as an advantage.
     central Asian translators (early Mahāyāna
    scriptures mainly from Gandhari); 安世高 , 竺大
    力 , 支婁迦讖 (Lokakṣema) …
     monastic: 嚴佛調 (c.117-197)
    Clashes and Controversies
     Political (Confucianism):
    • bowing before the rulers in the South and tathāgata-
    kings in the North;
    • state control of the sangha;
    • persecutions;
    • Sangha’s keeping aloof from politics
     Economic arguments:
    • Destroying families
    • Undermining state economy
     Ethical:
    • filial piety;
    • no offspring
     Religious (Daoism):
    • yixia Outsider;
    • huahu controversy;
    • immortality of spirit/soul
    Canon
     A thousand years’ translation; translators
    (incoming and outbound)
     About 3000 texts, 7000 scrolls;
     Many early Mahayana sutras datable, as
    many as seven times!!!
     A few famous translators
     Cataloging
     few important sutras (vimalakirt-nirdesa sutra;
    lotus sutra; heart sutra; platform sutra)
     Dunhuang manuscripts
     Dunhuang, 366ce; 492 caves.
     Dunhuang manuscripts 4-11th(cave 17, 70K).
    Stone Canon (started in 6th CE) 9 caves
    Printing of the canon
    [646-764] 大隨求陀羅尼經
    The Path taken: Mahayana
     Vinayas + bodhisattva precepts( 3-staged
    Ordination);
     Regulations;
     Classification the teachings (Hinayana &
    Mahayana texts; between Mahayana texts);
     Neglecting early Buddhist traditions
     Beliefs in Buddhas and bodhisattvas (the
    four mountains, esp. Guanyin)
    Schools
     based on one or more scriptures, tracing
    back to the Buddha and Indian masters
     Schools in the Six Dynasties: Prajna 般若 ,
    Yogacara 攝論、 Bodhisattva bhumi 地
    論、 Nirvana 涅槃、 Abhidharmakosa 俱舍…
     Major schools since the Sui:
    Tiantai 天臺 : three perspectives, one thought…
    Sanlun 三論 : Chinese version of Madhyamika
    Huayan 崋巌 : ‘all is one; one is all.’ interdepend….
    Yogacara 法相 / 唯識 : a Chinese version of
    Vinaya 律宗 : that of Dharmaguptaka
    esoteric 密宗 : ritual and mantras
    Pure Land 淨土 : mainly Abmitabha
     The Chan School 禪宗 :
    • Early meditative practice;
    • Bodhidharma and his pupils
    • Six patriarch; sudden and gradual
    • ‘No reliance on words, transmission outside the
    scriptures. Point directly at the minds of men,
    See your (Buddha) nature and be enlightened.’
    • Emphasising intuitive realization, not logic
    deduction or induction, even anti-nomian.
    Rituals and Traditions
     rituals:
    • Bathing ‘the Buddha’
    • The Great Compassion Repentance
    • Ullambana Festival (Ghost Festival) Mulian
    • Mortuary Rituals (The Water-Land Assembly)
     Traditions
    • Surname of the monastics (meditation,
    scripture, meritorious deeds);
    • Life-long vegetarian;
    • releasing living creatures
    Art: Dunhuang paintings
    Art: Dunhuang paintings
    Art: Dunhuang paintings
    Art: sculpture (1924)
    Art: sculpture (1924)
     Yun’gang Grottoes 雲岡石窟 (built in 453)
     Longmen Grottoes 龍門石窟 (built in 6th-12th)
    stone carvings of Dazu 大足石刻 (Tang)
     Donglin Temple 東林寺 (founded in 385)
     Xuankong Temple 懸空寺 (built in 491)
     Pagodas of Shaolin Temple
    71 mtr. Great Buddha in Leshan, Sichuan
    (713-803 CE) 四川樂山大佛
    Yingxian Wooden
    Pagoda, built in 1052

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