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    1.1 The Evolution of AI To Present

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    1.1 The Evolution of AI To Present

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    Shruti Singh
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    1.1 The Evolution of AI to Present

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    docs

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    2 views29 pages

    1.1 The Evolution of AI To Present

    Uploaded by

    Shruti Singh
    docs

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 29

    Evolution of

    Artificial Intelligence
     Intelligence
     Artificial
    Intelligence
     A Brief History of AI
     Current Trends in AI
     Ability to interact with the world (speech,
    vision, motion, manipulation)
     Ability to model the world and to reason
    about it
     Ability to learn and to adapt
     Ability to recognize and solve problems
     A.I.
    is the study of how to make
    computers do things at which, at the
    moment, people are better. [Elaine Rich]
     To build systems that exhibit
    intelligent behavior
     To understand intelligence in order
    to model it
     McCullochand Pitts propose a
    model of Artificial Neurons, 1943

     Turing & Shannon Chess programs,


    1950s
     SNARC, first ANN computer, Minsky
    & Edmonds, 1951
     John McCarthy organizes a two-month
    workshop for researchers interested in
    neural networks and the study of intelligence
     Agreement to adopt a new name for this
    field of study: Artificial Intelligence
     Problem Solving, Theorem Proving
    Programs
     Blocks world: Vision, Learning, NLP,
    Planning
     AIproblems appear to be too big and
    complex
     Computers are very slow, very
    expensive, and have very little
    memory (compared to today)
     Birth of Expert Systems
     Idea is to give AI systems lots of
    information to start with
     Ex: DENDRAL, Mycin, PROSPECTOR
     R1 becomes first successful
    commercial Expert System
     Some interesting phone company
    systems for diagnosing failures of
    telephone service
     Mid-1980s, different research groups
    reinvented backpropagation
    (originally from 1969)
     Disillusionment on expert systems
     Fear of AI winter
     Increasesin computational power
    (computers are cheaper, faster, and
    have tons more memory than they
    used to)
     In
    1997, Deep Blue beat Gary
    Kasparov.
     2/96: Kasparov vs. Deep Blue
     Kasparov victorious: 3 wins, 2 draws, 1
    loss
     3/97: Kasparov vs. Deeper Blue
     First match won against world champion
     512 processors: 200 million chess
    positions per second

    How do you think it works?


     Facial Recognition and Enhancement
     Privacy Protection
     AI enabled chips
     Cloud
    Mars Rover Humanoid Robots Part-Picking Robots
    (Sophia, World’s First
    Humanoid Citizen)
     Looking for patterns in vast amounts of data
    that is just too big for humans to analyze
     Natural Language Processing Systems
     Automated Driving
     Visual Tracking Systems

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