LESSON 1 UCSP - PPTX Edited

HUMAN
VARIATION
(Anthropology, Sociology, and Political
Science) LESSON 1I
4 PICS 1
WORD
E O R E D N D G
UUC L E T R
E H R L N I P I O G
E L I HT Y T N C I
 Environment and history are two
primary factors that shape the behavior
of human groups.
 This behavior, which serves as an
adaptive tool for the varied stimuli
projected by the environment, is
influenced by beliefs, practices and
material possessions.
Nationality vs
Ethnicity
Nationality
 Identity that is tied to being part of a

nation or country.
 “Group of people who share the same
history, traditions and languages.”
 Inhabits a particular territory
delineated by a political border and
controlled by government.
 Naturalization is a process of legal
applications.
 Jus Sanguinis (Latin: karapatan ng dugo)
 Jus Soli (Latin: karapatan ng lupa)
Ethnic group
 Smaller cultural groups that
share specific environments,
traditions, and histories that
are not necessarily
subscribed to by the
mainstream culture.
 There are about 180 indigenous
ethnic groups in the Philippines and
100 tribal groups who mostly inhabit
ancestral domains in the lowland, upland
and coastal areas.
SOCIAL DIFFERENCES
GENDER VS. SEX
Sex
 refers to the biological

characteristics of humans such
as male and female.
1. GENDER
 Refers to the socially constructed roles,
behaviors, activities, and attributes that
a given society considers appropriate for
men and women. (WHO, 2013)
LGBTQI (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual,
Transgender, Queer, and Intersex)
Types of Gender
 Heterosexual- a person who is sexually
attracted to a person of the opposite sex.
 Homosexual-a person who is sexually
attracted to a person of the same sex.
• Gay- a male who is romantically and
sexually attracted to another male.
•Lesbian - a female who is romantically
and sexually attracted to another female.
 Bisexual - an individual who is attracted
to both sexes.
 Asexual - an individual who is totally
incapable of being attracted to any sex.
 Pansexual – accommodates all types
of gender.
 Polysexual Orientation – attracted to
multiple types of gender.
 Transgender- people whose gender
identities do not match their biological
identity as male or female.
 Transsexual- individuals believes that
the discord between their internal gender
and the gender role that they have to
perform can be addressed through
medical sexual assignment.
2. SOCIOECONOMIC CLASS
 It varies between societies as the ideas
associated with being poor or rich differ
based on the collective experiences of
individuals.
 People falling into different social classes
are bound to experience life differently
such as in the form of transportation and
the type and amount of food that they
can afford and consume daily.
 The typical determinants of one’s social
status include income, value of assets
and savings, cultural interests and
hobbies, and economic status of his/her
peers and relatives.
Great Britain’s three class
system
 Upper
 Middle
 Working
In the Philippines, indicators of social
status are different given our economic
and political context. (income & value of
assets)
 Filipinos often describe their social class
in personalized contexts.
mahirap, medyo mayaman, sakto lang,
mayaman.
3. POLITICAL IDENTITY
 Refers to the set of attitudes and
practices that an individual
adheres to in relation to the
political systems and actors within
his/her society.
 Ang Ladlad- a party that negotiates for
the welfare of the LGBTQI community.
 Kabataan Partylist -a party that
promotes youth empowerment
4. RELIGION
 The earliest form of religion
revolved around making sense of
natural occurrences such as
extreme weather conditions,
natural and man-made
calamities, sickness and even
death.
 Early human art exuded ancient forms of
superstitions that included beliefs in the
afterlife and that of superhuman
capabilities.
Sorcerer of Les
Gabillou
- a Paleolithic artwork
that depicts the supernatural
ability of a religious
practitioner to become half-
man and half-animal.
 Monotheistic
- believing in the existence of one God.
 Polytheistic
- believing in the existence of multiple
gods.
World Religious Affiliations
(2013) 31.0%- Christians
23.8%- Islam
15.2%- Hinduism
7.3%- Buddhism
5.6%- Chinese Traditional
2.5%- Primal Indigenous
2.6%- Others
12.0%- Non-religious
Exceptionality/
Non-exceptionality
 Some individuals do not conform
to behavioral or cognitive norms,
not because they intend to deviate
from such, but because they are
exceptional.
CULTURAL VARIATION
 Ethnocentrism
- is a perspective that promotes an
individual’s culture as the most efficient
and superior.
- An individual who exhibits this feels
that his/her culture is the most appropriate
as compared with other cultures.
 Cultural relativism
- promotes the perspective that cultures
must be understood in the context of
their locality.
- Using this perspective makes you
tolerant of the differing attitudes and
practices of others, a characteristic that is
essential to a highly globalized world that we
live in.
Traditions, social norms, and political
identities are not static.
 Social change occurs as human
populations adapt to their surroundings. It
includes factors like technology and
globalization.
 Race
- a form of human classification
that was based on observable human
traits and characteristics.
-Cucasoid, Australoid, Mongoloid,
and Negroid
Spanish, American and Japanese
- three major colonizing powers of the
Philippines.
Are humans really different
from one another, or our
differences just skin-deep?
 Biological Egalitarianism
- promotes the equality of our biological
makeup despite our ancestry.
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!
ACTIVITY
1. Watch a video entitled “Bekitaktakan”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SV96IY
Vhyxo
.
After watching the video, write about
your realizations and/or thoughts on
common misconceptions you had
regarding people you consider as sexually
different.

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HUMAN

 Identity that is tied to being part of a

 refers to the biological

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