Psycholinguistic KLPK 3

The deaf and
language:
sign, oral, written
by: Juwita (2040601033)
Idul Lestari (2040601032)
Nabila Fitri Rahmadany (2040601036)
Sundari Igamardani (2040601009)
What is a sign language and how sign
language become a language?
First, a sign language is a true language because the

language system allows a signer to comprehend and
produce an indefifinitely large number of
grammatical sentences in signs. This feat can be
accomplished with a limited number of signs
(vocabulary) and a system (syntax and
semantics). Secondly, a signing person has a true
language if that person can communicate by sign
whatever can be communicated by speech.
DIALECTS AND FOREIGN ACCENTS IN
SIGN LANGUAGE
There may even be strong differences understanding

within a language from region to region within a
country. For example, signers from Paris have
diffificulty in understanding signers from Lyon, and
vice versa. Because they are not mutually intelligible
such as ASL (American Sign Language) and BSL
(British Sign Language).
GESTURE OF HEARING PEOPLE ARE
SIGNS BUT DO NOT FORM A
LANGUAGE
Once the role of such gestures is understood, they
will not be confused with the signs of a sign language.
Gestures may be complex, they are only collections
of signs that are limited in scope and do not form a
true language.
There is little or no syntax with which gestures may
be combined to form the equivalent of sentences.
Gestures are used with or without
speech.
Gestures without Speech
Gestures are used to convey messages or to emphasize speech.
Gestures' body parts: using arms, head, torso e.g. in greetings,
request/commands, insults.
Gestures are specific to linguistic, cultural, geographic
contexts/areas - rarely universal. For example pointing to chest
using index finger to mean the "self" (me/I) for Westerners;
index finger pointing to the nose (Japanese)
2. Facial gestures
Used to convey a wide range emotions/feelings of states of
confusion, attention, distress, love, annoyance, admiration,
belligerence, doubt, bewilderment, determination, etc
conveyed using facial expressions and supplemented by hand
movements or body posture.
3. Iconic Gestures
Gestures which represent or suggest the ideas they are
intended to represent. For example hand & arm gesture to
indicate "come" is pointing to own body for "self".
SPEECH-BASED
SIGN LANGUAGE
Finger-spelling (letter-by-letter)
-Words are spelled out letter-by-letter via
individual signs.
-Use of hand and finger configurations to
indicate the letters.
- Order of letters correspond to that of
ordinary writing
Each sign stands for a letter of alphabets.
● One-hand or two-hands finger-spelling
systems e.g. Americans & Swedes use one
● hand; British use two
● The two-handed system is faster and
provides more identifiable letters.
● Finger-spelling can be learned without
knowing how to read based on speech-
based language.
One handed
TWO HUNDED
Morpheme by Morpheme (MnM) SLs
• A whole sign to stand for each speech

word/meaningful part (morpheme)
• True language - because they represent
morphemes of true speech-based languages
• Theoretically, finger-spelling could be
learned as a native language. Based on spoken
form of speech-based language
. This system is considered a true language
since it represents the morphemes of speech-
based language.
Independent Sign
Languages
3 Basic Components:
1. Hand configuration (how hand is
formed)
2. Place of articulation (where the
hand
is formed)
3. Movement (how the hand
moves)
Independent Sign Languages...
• Speed or tension or rate of repetition signal

morphological changes or variation in SL. For
example changing nouns to verbs.
• Differences in words can be signaled by manner of
movement
• Hand configurations can differ resulting in an
"accent" (in ordinary language term)
Sign Language In Deaf Education
- Teach the hearing-impaired to produce and
understand speech to enable them to communicate with
the hearing community.
- Focuses on teaching of speech production
- Emphasis on speech reading or lip readingWritten
Approach
- Focus on literacy
- Written forms of speech-based languages are associated
directly with objects, events, situations in the
environment
- Various advantages
THANKS!
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The deaf and

First, a sign language is a true language because the

There may even be strong differences understanding

• A whole sign to stand for each speech

• Speed or tension or rate of repetition signal

Please keep this slide for attribution

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