Architects

ARCHITECTS
AND
THEIR WOKS
History of architecture-IV
Thakur Chandana
Regn no – 211011101034
B.Arch. 2n d year
CONTENTS
Alison and Peter Smithson
- Golden Lane Housing
-Robinhood Gardens
Aldo van Eyck
- Amsteídam
Oíphanage
Jaap Bakema
- Kennemeíland
Denys Lasdun
- Keeling House
Alison And Peter Smithson
3
Alison Margaret Smithson (22 June 1928 – 14 August 1993) and Peter
Denham Smithson (18 September 1923 – 3 March 2003) were English architects
who together formed an architectural partnership, and are often associated with the
New Brutalism, especially in architectural and urban theory.
The Smithsons first came to prominence with Hunstanton
School, Norfolk completed in 1954, which used some of the language of high
modernist Ludwig Mies van der Rohe but in a stripped back way, with rough finishes
and a deliberate lack of refinement that kept architectural structure and services
exposed. They are arguably among the leaders of the British school of New
Brutalism. They referred to New Brutalism as "an ethic, not an aesthetic".
Alison Smithson articulated their desire to connect building, users, and site when,
describing architecture as an act " of "form-giving. She noted: "My act of form-
giving has to invite the occupiers to add their intangible quality of
use.“
Among their early contributions were 'streets in the sky' in which traffic and
pedestrian circulation were rigorously separated, a theme popular in the 1960s.
GOLDEN LANE HOUSING
1952
It is an apaítment píoject.
ľhey believed that flooí above 6th

flooí aíe isolated fíom the noise of
the stíeets.
Golden Lane competition píoject

panel, 1952, showing continuous
inteíconnected housing blocks
suííounded by gíeen spaces.
ROBIN HOOD
GARDENS
Robin Hood Gaídens is a íesidential estate in Poplaí,
London.
It was built as a council housing estate with homes spíead acíoss
'stíeets in the sky’, a social housing chaíacteíized by bíoad aeíial
walkways in long concíete blocks, much like the Paík Hill
estate in Sheffield, it was infoímed by, and a íeaction against, Le
Coíbusieí's Unité d'Habitation.
ľhis píoject was a failuíe as it was píone to eaíthquakes

Píeseívation attempts weíe made.
Robin Hood Gaídens has since become the catalyst foí much
debate aíound the success oí failuíe of the movement. It is
cuííently paítially demolished and a chunk of its íuins has been
acquiíed by the V&A museum.
Aldo van Eyck
Aldo van Eyck was a Dutch architect. He was one of the most influential
protagonists of the architectural movement Structuralism.
A member of CIAM and then in 1954 a co-founder of "Team 10", Van Eyck lectured
throughout Europe and northern America propounding the need to reject Functionalism
and attacking the lack of originality in most post-war Modernism.
Van Eyck was as co-editor of the Dutch magazine Forum between 1959 and 1963,
alongside Herman Hertzberger and Jaap Bakema. This helped publicize the "Team
10" call for a return to humanism within architectural design.
Van Eyck received the RIBA Royal Gold Medal in 1990.
He died at Loenen aan de Vecht, aged 80.
Van Eyck’s thinking fundamentally proceeded in terms of reconciling opposites.

Throughout his career, he applied himself to the exploration and the relationships
between polarities, such as past and present, classic and modern, archaic and avant-
garde, constancy and change, simplicity and complexity, the organic and the geometric.
Presentation title 7
AMSľERDAM ORPHANAGE,
AMSľERDAM,
1955–1960
Dutch Aíchitect Aldo van Eyck built the Amsteídam Oíphanage in
1960. His design focused on a balance of foíces to cíeate both a
home and small city on the outskiíts of Amsteídam.
Van Eyck cíiticized eaíly post-waí aíchitectuíe as lacking a human
element. In the Amsteídam Oíphanage he sought to design a
modeín building with a new uíban vision fíom those of his CIAM
píedecessoís.
He wíote “a house must be like a small city if it’s to be a íeal

house, a city like a laíge house if it’s to be a íeal city” in an essay
published in 1962 titled ‘Steps ľowaíd a Configuíative
Discipline.’
Jaap Bakema
Jacob Berend "Jaap" Bakema (8 March 1914 – 20 February 1981) was a
Dutch modernist architect, notable for design of public housing and involvement
in the reconstruction of Rotterdam after the Second World War.
From 1948 onward, Bakema worked with Jo van den Broek in the architectural firm
Van den Broek and Bakema. They collaborated to design landmarks and
neighborhoods in Rotterdam and around the Netherlands, and participated in the 1957
Interbau project in Berlin.
In 1964 Bakema became a professor at Delft University of Technology, and in 1965
became a professor at Staatliche Hochschule in Hamburg.
Motivated by his wartime experience during the Second World War, he propagated
to build towards an open and egalitarian society. His ideas on the open society are
extremely relevant to the current debates about how to involve citizens in city
building and creating alternative systems to crumbling welfare states.
Kennemerland in Netherlands
It has un uniform set of heights with swastika formation.
The outer core has high rise buildings , then the mid rise and the inner core has
low rise buildings.
Denys Lasdun 9
Sir Denys Louis Lasdun,(8 September 1914, Kensington, London – 11

January 2001, Fulham, London)was an eminent English architect,
Elements of Lasdun's most famous style, which combined cubic towers, bare
concrete and jutting foyers, which was compared by some to Frank Lloyd Wright,
can be found in his first educational buildings, the Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge
and the Royal College of Physicians in Regent's Park, the latter of which compared
favorably to the surrounding buildings by John Nash.
Keeling House was originally part of a larger public housing scheme

that also contained a low-rise council block called Bradley House.
The building was erected following the completion of Lasdun's two
smaller buildings on Usk Street, Bethnal Green, with which it shares its
'cluster' design. These were all council homes.
It was converted into luxury apartments between 1999 and 2001. Key
features of the renovation include a striking glass foyer with external water
feature designed by local architects Munkenbeck and Marshall,and eight
penthouses on what had previously been the service roof of a 15-storey
building.

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ARCHITECTS

ľhey believed that flooí above 6th

Golden Lane competition píoject

ľhis píoject was a failuíe as it was píone to eaíthquakes

He died at Loenen aan de Vecht, aged 80.

Van Eyck’s thinking fundamentally proceeded in terms of reconciling opposites.

He wíote “a house must be like a small city if it’s to be a íeal

Sir Denys Louis Lasdun,(8 September 1914, Kensington, London – 11

Keeling House was originally part of a larger public housing scheme

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