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    ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)

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    m.arunkumar.eee77

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    ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)

    Uploaded by

    m.arunkumar.eee77
    4 views22 pages

    Original Title

    Arp

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    4 views22 pages

    ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)

    Uploaded by

    m.arunkumar.eee77

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    ARP

    (Address Resolution Protocol)


    The Address Resolution Protocol is a
    What is ARP? communication protocol used for
    discovering the link layer address, such as
    a MAC address, associated with a given
    internet layer address, typically an IPv4
    address.
    ARP Cache: After resolving the MAC address, the ARP
    sends it to the source where it is stored in a table for future
    reference. The subsequent communications can use the
    MAC address from the table

    ARP Cache Timeout: It indicates the time for which the


    MAC address in the ARP cache can reside
    The default value is 21,600 seconds (6 hours)
    ARP request: This is nothing but broadcasting a packet
    over the network to validate whether we came across
    the destination MAC address or not.
    1. The physical address of the sender.
    2. The IP address of the sender.
    3. The physical address of the receiver is
    FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF or 1’s.
    4. The IP address of the receiver
    ARP response/reply: It is the MAC address response
    that the source receives from the destination which aids
    in further communication of the data.
    • A table called the ARP cache
    maintains a record of each IP
    address and its corresponding
    MAC address.

    • To Check arp table in Windows


    Cmd > arp -a
    RARP
    (Reverse Address Resolution
    Protocol)
    Reverse ARP is a networking protocol used by
    a client machine in a local area network to
    request its Internet Protocol address (IPv4)
    from the gateway-router’s ARP table.
    • RARP broadcast packet which contains its own
    MAC address in both sender and receiver
    hardware address field.

    • RARP server attempt to find out the entry in IP


    to MAC address mapping table. If any entry
    matches in table, RARP server send the
    response packet to the requesting device along
    with IP address.
    Proxy ARP
    Proxy ARP was implemented to enable
    devices which are separated into network
    segments connected by a router in the
    same IP network or sub-network to resolve
    IP address to MAC addresses.
    Gratuitous ARP
    • When the computer booted up (Network Interface
    Card is powered) for the first time, it automatically
    broadcast its MAC address to the entire network

    • Gratuitous ARP request is a packet where source


    and destination IP are both set to IP of the
    machine issuing the packet and the destination
    MAC is the broadcast address ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    DHCP
    (Dynamic Host Configuration
    Protocol)
    Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol(DHCP) is an
    application layer protocol which is used to provide:

    1.Subnet Mask (Option 1 – e.g., 255.255.255.0)


    2.Router Address (Option 3 – e.g., 192.168.1.1)
    3.DNS Address (Option 6 – e.g., 8.8.8.8)
    4.Vendor Class Identifier (Option 43 – e.g., ‘unifi’ = 192.168.1.9
    ##where unifi = controller)
    • DHCP port number for server is 67 and for the client is
    68.
    • It is a Client server protocol which uses UDP services.
    • IP address is assigned from a pool of addresses.
    • In DHCP, the client and the server exchange mainly 4
    DHCP messages in order to make a connection, also
    called DORA process, but there are 8 DHCP messages in
    the process.
    DHCP
    DISCOVER
    DHCP
    OFFER
    DHCP
    REQUEST
    DHCP
    ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
    THANK YOU

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