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    Chapter 8

    Uploaded by

    Tolesa Negese
    PP

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    Chapter 8

    Uploaded by

    Tolesa Negese
    11 views13 pages
    PP

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    PP

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    11 views13 pages

    Chapter 8

    Uploaded by

    Tolesa Negese
    PP

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    8.

    ASSESSMENT OF HUMAN IMPACT ON THE ENVIRONMENT


    footprint is the amount resources that a population consumes and the wastes they
    generates
    Ecological foot print is how much we are putting pressure on resources to
    exploit(human demand on the nature)

    Ef is measured in terms of the land required in Global Hectare(GHA)

    Bio-capacity is the amount of resources available to people at specific moment in


    time to specific population.
    Water footprint

    Water foot print is the amount of water utilized in the production of the goods and services.

    It is measured in terms of the volume of water consumed, evaporated and polluted.

    Three types of water footprints

    The blue water footprint is defined as the consumption of water originating in blue water
    resources such as surface- and groundwater

    Green water: is defined as the consumption of water that originates in sources such as
    rainwater stored in soil as soil moisture.

    Grey water footprint is the amount of fresh water required to assimilate (dilute) pollutants
    to meet specific water quality standards
    A carbon footprint

    A carbon footprint is the total amount of greenhouse gases (carbon dioxide and
    methane) that are generated by our actions.

    Reducing your carbon footprint is important because

    it mitigates the effects of global climate change.

    improves public health

    maintains biodiversity.

    When we cut carbon emissions we help ensure cleaner air, water, and food for our
    generation and for generations yet to come.
    Carbon footprint is measured by Carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e)

    CO₂e is a unit of measurement that is used to standardise the climate effects of various
    greenhouse gases.
    Greenhouse gases Global warming potential(GWP)

    Carbon dioxide (CO2) 1


    Methane(CH4) 25
    Nitrous oxide (N2O) 295
    Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) 22,800
    ?????Based on the table above, which of the following is true???????

    A. The emission of 1ton CO2 is equivalents equals 298 tons of nitrous oxide (N2O).

    B. The emission of 1 ton of methane (CH4) is equal to 25 tons CO2 equivalents.

    C. The emission of 1 ton of methane (CH4) has higher impact than 1 ton of Nitrous oxide (N2O)

    D. 1 ton of Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) has equal impact with 50 tons Nitrous oxide (N2O)
    Hazard and Risk Analysis

    Hazard is a potential source of harm or adverse health effect '.

    Hazard identification – the process of finding, listing, and characterizing hazards.

     Hazard analysis is defined as the process of collecting and interpreting information

    on hazards and conditions leading to their presence to decide which are significant.

    Risk analysis – a process for realizing the nature of hazards and determining the level of risk.
    Life-cycle assessment

    LCA is a process of evaluating the


    effects that a product has on the env’t
    over the entire period of its life.

    LCA allows decision makers to


    compare two products and to select
    the product that has the lowest
    impact on the environment.
    Four steps of life cycle assessment
    • Impact Measurement Tools

    • Step 1: Addressing the right problem.

    • Step 2: Finding the solution.

    • Step 3: Risk management.

    • Step 4: Stakeholder and communication management.

    • Step 5: Setting goals and measuring impact.

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