What Is Version Control?: by Ashok Kumar

What is Version
Control?
Version control is a system that tracks and manages changes to a project's files
over time. It allows teams to collaborate effectively, keep a history of revisions,
and easily revert to previous versions if needed.
by Ashok Kumar
Introduction to Git
Git is a powerful distributed version control system that helps developers manage
changes to their codebase over time. It allows teams to collaborate effectively,
track modifications, and maintain a reliable history of their project's evolution.
With Git, developers can easily branch off, experiment with new features, and
seamlessly merge their work back into the main codebase when ready.
Git Basics
1. Git is a distributed version control system that allows developers to
collaborate on projects and track changes to their codebase over time.
2. The local repository contains the entire history of a project, allowing

developers to work offline and make changes that can be pushed to the
remote repository later.
3. Git uses a staging area to organize which files will be included in the
next commit, giving developers granular control over their changes.
Git Repositories
Creating a Repository 1
Initialize a new Git repository to start tracking
your project files and versions.
2 Cloning Existing Repos
Make a copy of a remote repository to your
local machine and start collaborating.
Repository Structure 3
A Git repository consists of a .git folder that
stores all the version history and metadata.
Git Branches
Branch Creation Merging Branches Branch Switching Branch Management
Easily create new Seamlessly merge Quickly switch between Delete branches when
branches to isolate branches back into the branches to work on they are no longer
changes and experiment main branch when different parts of the needed, keeping your
with new features without features are complete, project, keeping your repository clean and your
affecting the main combining the changes in work organized and workflow streamlined.
codebase. a controlled manner. focused.
Git Commits
1 Snapshot
2 History
3 Restore
A Git commit represents a snapshot of your project at a specific point in time. Each commit has a unique SHA hash that
serves as its identifier. Commits build on top of each other, creating a chronological history of your project's changes. You
can use Git to restore your project to any prior commit, allowing you to undo mistakes or experiment safely.
Git Merging
Merge Branches
Combine the changes from one branch into another using the git merge command.
This allows you to integrate new features or bug fixes into the main codebase.
Resolve Conflicts
When merging, Git may encounter conflicting changes that need to be manually
resolved. You'll need to review the differences and decide which changes to keep.
Fast-forward Merges
If a branch can be merged without creating a new commit, Git will perform a fast-
forward merge, moving the branch pointer forward without creating an extra merge
commit.
Git Conflicts
Identifying Conflicts Manual Conflict Avoiding Conflicts
Resolution
Communicate with your team
Git will alert you when changes Resolve conflicts by editing the and coordinate your work to
made in different branches files with merge conflicts, minimize the likelihood of
cannot be automatically merged. choosing which changes to keep conflicting changes. Use feature
You'll need to review the from each branch. Then stage branches and merge frequently
conflicting lines of code to the resolved files and commit to catch conflicts early.
determine the correct resolution. the merge.
Git Collaboration
Collaborative Code Reviews Shared Remote

Development Accountability Collaboration
Git's branching and
Git enables seamless merging capabilities Git's comprehensive Git enables seamless
collaboration, allowing facilitate thorough code tracking of changes and remote collaboration,
team members to work reviews, ensuring code contributors promotes allowing distributed
together on the same quality and shared shared ownership and teams to work together
codebase, share changes, understanding among accountability within the effectively, regardless of
and resolve conflicts team members. development team. geographic location.
efficiently.
Git Workflow Best Practices
1 Stick to a Git Branching Model 2 Leverage Commit Messages

Write clear, concise, and informative commit
Adopt a consistent branching strategy like Git messages to document changes and make it easy
Flow or GitHub Flow to streamline collaboration to understand the project history.
and code management.
3 Perform Regular Merges 4 Review Pull Requests

Regularly merge your feature branches into the Conduct thorough code reviews to ensure code
main branch to stay up-to-date and minimize quality, catch bugs, and maintain consistency
merge conflicts. across the codebase.

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What is Version

2. The local repository contains the entire history of a project, allowing

Branch Creation Merging Branches Branch Switching Branch Management

Collaborative Code Reviews Shared Remote

1 Stick to a Git Branching Model 2 Leverage Commit Messages

3 Perform Regular Merges 4 Review Pull Requests

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