Energy From The Volcano

ENERGY FROM THE VOLCANO
LESSON 1| QUARTER 3
Did you know?
Philippines ranks second in the
world’s production of geothermal
energy.
According to the Department of
Energy 14.4% of the country’s total
power generation is produced from
geothermal energy.
The production of electricity from
geothermal energy is cheaper than the
electricity production using natural
gas, coal, and hydropower.
What is geothermal energy?
Geo = earth, thermal = heat
The heat from the Earth’s
interior is called geothermal
energy.
The Earth is believed to be
extremely hot from within.
The heat of the Earth warms up
water which is trapped in rock
formations beneath its surface.
How is geothermal energy
generated?
Geothermal Power Plant – the heat from deep inside
the Earth is used to produce steam to generate
electricity.
Geothermal Heat Pump – use heat coming from the
Earth’s surface to heat water to provide heat for the
buildings.
They differ in the depth of heat source to produce
energy.
Geothermal Power Plant: How it
works?
1. Wells are drilled deep into the earth to pump steam or hot water to
the surface.
2. When the water reaches the surface, the drop in pressure causes the
water to turn into steam.
3. The steam spins a turbine, which is connected to a generator that
produces electricity.
4. Cooling tower cools the steam which is condenses back to the water.
5. The cooled water is pump back into the earth to begin the process
again.
Geothermal Power Plant: How it
works?
Geothermal Heat Pump: How it
works?
1. Water on refrigerant moves through a loop of pipes.
2. When the weather is cold, the water or refrigerant heats up as it travels
through the part of the loop that is buried underground.
3. Once it gets back above ground, the warmed water or refrigerant transfers
heat into the building.
4. The water or refrigerant cools down after its heat is transferred. It is pumped
back underground where it heats up once more, starting the process again.
5. On a hot day, the system run in reverse. The water or refrigerant cools the
building and then is pumped underground where extra heat is transferred to
the ground around the pipes.
Geothermal Heat Pump: How it
works?
US Department of Energy: GPP
Energy 101: Geothermal Energy - YouTube

US Department of Energy: GPP
Energy 101: Geothermal Heat Pumps - YouTube

Geothermal Power Plant in the
Philippines
Mak-Ban Geothermal Power Plant in Laguna
Philippines
Geothermal Power Plant in Tiwi, Albay
Philippines
Geothermal Power Plant in Kidapawan, North Cotabato
Philippines
Geothermal Power Plant in Bacon, Sorsogon
Positive Effects of Volcanic Eruption
Volcanic ash and lava are rich in minerals when breakdown it
provide valuable nutrients for the soil.
Volcanoes are important tourist attractions. The eruption of
Pinatubo created a spectacular scenery.
Volcanic areas are sources of geothermal energy, a type of
renewable energy which can be used to heat building or be
converted into electricity.
Volcanic rocks such as basalt can be used for building materials.
Negative Effects of Volcanic Eruption
Volcanic ash can cause disruption to weather.
Many lives can be lost because of volcanic eruption.
Some volcanic gases can poison rivers and lakes and cause animals (including
humans) to suffocate.
Pyroclastic flows (avalanche of hot rocks and gas) cannot be outrun and can
kill people instantly. (This what happened in the Italian towns of Pompeii and
Herculaneum when Mount Vesuvius erupted in AD79.)
If the ash from the volcanic eruption mixes with rainwater or snow this can
trigger fast flowing mudflows called lahar which can destroy farmland,
woodland, and man-made structures including roads and bridges.
Sign of Impending Volcanic Eruptions
Increase in the frequency of volcanic quakes with rumbling sounds;
occurrence of volcanic tremors
Increased steaming activity; change in color of steam emission from
white to gray due to entrained ash
Crater glow due to presence of magma at or near the crater
Ground swells (inflation), ground tilt and ground fissuring due to
magma intrusion
Localized landslides, rockfalls and landslides from the summit area
which are not attributable to heavy rains
Sign of Impending Volcanic Eruptions
(Cont’d)
Noticeable increase in the extent of drying up of vegetation around
the volcano's upper slopes
Increase in the temperature of hot springs, wells (e.g., Bulusan and
Kanlaon) and crater lake (e.g., Taal) near the volcano
Noticeable variation in the chemical content of springs, crater lakes
within the vicinity of the volcano
Drying up of springs/wells around the volcano
Development of new thermal areas and/or reactivation of old ones
(appearance of solfataras)

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ENERGY FROM THE VOLCANO

Energy 101: Geothermal Energy - YouTube

Energy 101: Geothermal Heat Pumps - YouTube

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