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    Semantic Network Representation

    Uploaded by

    Mirthipati Leela Durga Kalyani

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Semantic Network Representation

    Uploaded by

    Mirthipati Leela Durga Kalyani
    38 views13 pages

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    38 views13 pages

    Semantic Network Representation

    Uploaded by

    Mirthipati Leela Durga Kalyani

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    Semantic Network Representation

    •Semantic networks are alternative of predicate logic for


    knowledge representation

    •In Semantic networks, we can represent our knowledge in


    the form of graphical networks.

    •This network consists of nodes representing objects and


    arcs which describe the relationship between those
    objects.

    •Semantic networks can categorize the object in different


    forms and can also link those objects.
    • This representation consist of mainly two
    types of relations:
    • IS-A relation (Inheritance)
    • Kind-of-relation
    • Statements:
    • Jerry is a cat.
    • Jerry is a mammal
    • Jerry is owned by Priya.
    • Jerry is brown colored.
    • All Mammals are animal.
    Drawbacks in Semantic representation
    • Semantic networks take more computational time
    at runtime as we need to traverse the complete
    network tree to answer some questions.
    • Semantic networks try to model human-like
    memory (Which has 1015 neurons and links) to
    store the information, but in practice, it is not
    possible to build such a vast semantic network.
    • Semantic networks do not have any standard
    definition for the link names.
    • These networks are not intelligent and depend on
    the creator of the system.
    Advantages of Semantic network:

    • Semantic networks are a natural


    representation of knowledge.
    • Semantic networks convey meaning in a
    transparent manner.
    • These networks are simple and easily
    understandable.
    Frame Representation

    • A frame is a record like structure which


    consists of a collection of attributes and its
    values to describe an entity in the world.
    • It consists of a collection of slots and slot
    values. These slots may be of any type and
    sizes. Slots have names and values which are
    called facets.
    • Facets: The various aspects of a slot is known
    as Facets.
    • Facets are features of frames which enable us
    to put constraints on the frames
    • A frame may consist of any number of slots,
    and a slot may include any number of facets
    and facets may have any number of values.
    • In the frame, knowledge about an object or
    event can be stored together in the
    knowledge base
    Example: 1
    Let's take an example of a frame for a book
    • Slots Filters
    • Title Artificial Intelligence
    • Genre Computer Science
    • Author Peter Norvig
    • Edition Third EditionYear1996Page1152
    • Peter is an engineer as a profession, and his age is 25,
    he lives in city London, and the country is England. So
    following is the frame representation for this:
    • Slots Filter
    • Name Peter
    • Profession Doctor
    • Age 25
    • Marital status Single
    • Weight 78
    Advantages of frame representation:

    • The frame knowledge representation makes the


    programming easier by grouping the related data.
    • The frame representation is comparably flexible and
    used by many applications in AI.
    • It is very easy to add slots for new attribute and
    relations.
    • It is easy to include default data and to search for
    missing values.
    • Frame representation is easy to understand and
    visualize.
    Disadvantages of frame representation
    • In frame system inference mechanism is not
    be easily processed.
    • Inference mechanism cannot be smoothly
    proceeded by frame representation.
    • Frame representation has a much generalized
    approach.

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