Unit One
Unit One
Unit One
solid waste.
⚫ ● Gain adequate knowledge in reduction and recycle of waste.
⚫ https://nptel.ac.in/courses/105/103/105103097/
⚫ https://nptel.ac.in/courses/105/101/105101201/
Sources and types of municipal solid wastes- Public
health and environmental impacts of improper
disposal of solid wastes- sampling and
characterization of wastes - factors affecting waste
generation rate and –functional
Elements characteristics of solidmanagement –
Requirements andwaste
salient features of Solid waste
management rules (2016) -Role of public and
NGO‟s- Public Private participation – Elements of
integrated Municipal Solid Waste Management
Plan.
⚫ Waste refers to the items that we discard because we
don’t need them. A lot of waste is in the form of trash
or garbage.
⚫ Trash is solid waste such as paper, card boxes, and so
on. Garbage, on the other hand, refers to waste that
comes from your kitchen or bathroom.
⚫ Waste comes from all kinds sources including
of individuals, homes, ,
schools, industries. offices, hospitals,
⚫ It also comes in infinite sizes, from something small
like a rusty razor blade to something large like the
body of an old truck.
1. Liquid waste
2. Solid Waste
3. Organic Waste
4. Recyclable
Waste
5. Hazardous
Waste
1. Liquid waste
⚫ Liquid waste refers to all grease, oil, sludges, wash water, waste
detergents and dirty water that have been thrown away.
⚫ They are hazardous and poisonous to our environment and are
found in industries as well as households.
⚫ Wastewater, as it is often called, is any waste that exists in liquid
form.
⚫ There are two categories of liquid waste: non-point and
point
source waste.
⚫ Manufactured liquid wastes are called point source, and non-point
source wastes occur naturally in our environment.
2. Solid Waste
⚫ Solid waste is any sludge, and refuse found in
industrial
garbage, and commercial locations. The five major types of
solid rubbish are;
⚫ Glass and Ceramics: Numerous companies readily recycle
ceramics and glass. The catch here is that you have to dispose of
them correctly.
⚫ Plastic waste: Plastic waste is any container, jar, bottle, and bag
that is found in companies and houses. Plastics are non-
biodegradable, and most of them cannot be recycled. Do not
mix plastic rubbish with regular waste. Instead, sort them out
before throwing them away.
⚫ Paper rubbish: This refers to all newspapers, packaging
materials, cardboards, and other paper products. Paper is
recyclable.
⚫ Metals and Tins: You can easily find tins and metals in homes
because food containers and household materials are made from
them. Most metals are recyclable, so take them to a scrap yard
or recycling depot after use. You should get a skip hire and use it
to transport your solid waste.
3. Organic Waste
⚫ Organic waste refers to rotten meat, garden and food
waste.
⚫ This type of rubbish is commonly found in homes.
With time, they decompose and turn into manure by
the action of microorganisms on them.
⚫ But be careful; you should not dispose of them
anywhere you like.
⚫ When decomposing, organic waste produces methane,
so, it must not be thrown away with regular waste.
⚫ Instead, get a green bin and dispose of this type of
waste properly.
4. Recyclable Waste
⚫ All discarded items like metals, furniture,
organic waste that can be recycled fall under this
category.
⚫ Not all items are recyclable, so you have to be careful
businesses.
⚫ Solid waste management is a term that is used to refer to
the process of collecting and treating solid wastes.
⚫ It also offers solutions for recycling items that do not
belong to garbage or trash.
⚫ As long as people have been living in settlements and
residential areas, garbage or solid waste has been an issue.
⚫ Waste management is all about how solid waste can be
changed and used as a valuable resource.
⚫ Solid waste management should be embraced by each and
every household, including the business owners across the
world.
⚫ The industrialization has brought a lot of good things and
bad things as well.
⚫ One of the adverse effects of industrialization is the
creation of solid waste.
⚫ Every day, tonnes of solid waste are disposed of at various
⚫ Toxic materials and chemicals may seep into the soil and
and risky.
6. Emission of Toxic Gases
⚫ When hazardous wastes like pesticides, batteries
containing lead, mercury or zinc, cleaning solvents,
radioactive materials, e-waste and plastics mixed up
with paper and other non-toxic scraps are burned they
produce dioxins, furans, polychlorinated biphenyls,
and other gases. These toxic gases have the potential
of causing various diseases, including cancer.
7. Impact on Land and Aquatic Animals
⚫ Our carelessness with our waste and garbage also
of industrialization.
⚫ Direct Sampling
⚫ Method 1
⚫ Method 2
⚫ Material Flows
⚫ Surveys
Particulars Quantity
the
disposal.
separately at source and handing over the waste to the waste collector
⚫ promoting recycling of waste and decentralized treatment of waste
involving community
⚫ Rag-pickers could be involved in door-to-door
collection of municipal solid waste as well as
recyclable waste so that they could get a user fee
for collecting waste from the doorstep and derive
additional income from sale of recyclables.
There is a potential of recovering at least 15 per
cent of the waste generated in the country which
could be more than 15,000 MT per day providing
employment opportunities to about 5,00,000 rag-
pickers in the country. Despite immense potential
in big cities in this area, NGO/CBO participation is
still on a very small scale.
⚫ The Self-Employed Women’s Association (SEWA)