The Clientele and

Audiences of Counseling
The Clientele and Audiences of
Counseling
Individuals and groups of people who
receive service from various counseling
professions constitute the clientele and
audience. These individuals and groups
vary in their needs and context where
they avail of counseling services.
Characteristics of the Clientele and
Audiences of Counseling
The clientele and audiences of counseling are normal
people.
They are not in need of clinical or mental help. They
may be the youth in need of guidance at critical
moments of their growth,
anyone in need of assistance in realizing a change in
behavior or attitude, or simply seeking to achieve a
goal.
Characteristics of the Clientele and
Audiences of Counseling
What the audience normally calls for in counseling is
application or development of social skills, effective
communication, spiritual direction, decision-making, and
career choices. Sometimes, people need to cope with crisis.
Other clientele and audiences of counseling may be
people in need of premarital and marital counseling,
grief and loss, domestic violence and other types of
abuse, or coping with terminal illness, death, and dying.
Needs of Various Types of Clientele
and Audiences of Counseling
As school guidance counselors, these
professionals provide the need for personal
guidance by helping students seek more
options and find better and more
appropriate ones in dealing with situations
of stress or simply decision-making.
Needs of Various Types of Clientele
and Audiences of Counseling
As job-hunting coaches, counselors
provide avenues for people to find
necessary information and get
employment that is suitable to them.
They provide ways to manage conflict
constructively.
Needs of Various Types of Clientele
and Audiences of Counseling
As human resource personnel, these
professionals provide the needs common to all
workplaces and they are employed in almost all
workplaces to deal with various employee needs
that aspects of remunerations, social services,
compensations, conflict resolution, and
discipline.
Needs of Various Types of Clientele
and Audiences of Counseling
As marriage counselors, these
professionals provide the need for conflict-
resolution skills to parties, couples, and
children to deal with various stresses and
issues that threaten their unity or peaceful
coexistence.
Needs of Various Types of Clientele
and Audiences of Counseling
As drug abuse and rehabilitation
counselors, these professionals meet the
need to help people overcome their
problems or mitigate some of the most
negative effects of drug abuse. Their goal is
to facilitate client rehabilitation.
Needs of Various Types of Clientele
and Audiences of Counseling
As bereavement counselors, these professionals
respond to the need to be helped through loss,
such as death in the family, in a way that will
help prevent depression and other unhealthy
ways of dealing or coping with loss such as
committing suicide or giving up on life.
The Individual as Client of Counseling
oThe most common type of counseling is the individualized type.
oThe individual who needs to be helped to manage well a life-
changing situation or personal problem or crisis and other support
needs may undergo counseling as an individual.
oProblems like alcoholism, loss of job, divorce, imprisonment, and
rehabilitation can cause of shame and embarrassment. Without
acquiring enough strength ad ability to go through such life
experience, people are vulnerable and may come out worse.
The Group and Organization as Client
of Counseling
oConsist of between five to eight people
oTo avoid loneliness and isolation of the client’s problem.
oCost less
oShares experience
oGroups exist in communities, organizations, students in
schools, teachers in school, and departments in workplaces,
and such entity can undergo group counseling to meet
counseling needs on that level.
The Community as Client of
Counseling
When people experience something
collectively, which may be socially
troubling and constitute the danger of
blocking their collective capacity to move
on, counseling is necessary to be
undertaken on a community level.
The Settings, Processes,
Methods, and Tools in
Counseling
PICTURESQUE SETTING ANALYSIS
The Settings, Processes, Methods, and
Tools in Counseling
Counselors work in various settings- from
government to private sectors, to civil society to
school setting. Drawing on a wide range of processes,
methods, and tools, counselors are trained to use what
is appropriate for the setting and relative to their
specialty. There are classical approaches informed by
theories to counseling that scaffold their process and
selection of methods and tools.
Counseling Approaches
Psychoanalysis
•represented by Sigmund Freud
•a theory of personality, an approach to psychotherapy, and method of
investigation founded by Sigmund Freud
•the assumption is that there are inner battles that are waged in a client
that are directly responsible for the appearance of symptoms and
behavioral problems
•emphasizes the role of early childhood experiences
•early childhood experiences: dictate us of who we are as an adult
Behaviorism
behavior and mental processes are determined by our environment
all psychological disorders are a result of maladaptive learning that
all behavior is learnt from our environment and symptoms are
acquired through classical and operant conditioning
•Classical conditioning – involves learning by association;
introduced by Ivan Pavlov
•Operant conditioning – involves learning by reinforcement;
introduced by B.F. Skinner
The Settings in Counseling
•Government Setting
•Private Sectors Setting
•Civil Society Setting
•Community Setting
•School Setting
Tara! Let’s Review!
Identify the setting where counselors
work based from the following
situations.
1.Romina is a licensed professional counselor and
works with the various government agencies that
provide counseling services especially to
correctional departments and child and women
affairs services.
2.Cassie works in a charitable institution for
abandoned children and abused women.
3.Savannah works in a non-profit-oriented/non-
government organization that renders a variety of
counseling services.
4. Daniella is working in a public educational
institution as a counselor. She provides various
services to students and assumes many different
responsibilities and tasks based on the particular
needs of their clients.
5. Marga provides counseling services to people who
are in conflict with the law and socially marginalized
individuals and groups.
WHAT I NEED TO KNOW
STAGES OF THE COUNSELING PROCESS:
Matching Type: Match the items in column A
with items in column B. Answers must be
reflected in your notebook.
 A B
1. Intervention and problem A. This serves as the window
solving for the counselor to have a
2. Formulation of Counseling thorough appreciation of the
Goals clients condition.
3. Assessment and Diagnosis B. It shall serve as the
4. Research and Evaluation parameter of work and the
5. Termination and Follow – client – counselor
up relationship.
6. Relationship Building
 A B
1. Intervention and problem C. The essential goal in
solving counseling to witness a
2. Formulation of Counseling client progress on his/her
Goals own without the assistance
3. Assessment and Diagnosis of the counselor.
4. Research and Evaluation
5. Termination and Follow – D. This stage can be
up undertaken at any point in
6. Relationship Building counseling stage.
 A B
x
1. Intervention and problem E. The guidelines include the
following: (a) the counselor has to
solving provide a mapping of the
2. Formulation of Counseling different approaches offered, (b)
Goals describe the role of the counselor
and client for each procedure, (c)
3. Assessment and Diagnosis identify possible risks and benefits
4. Research and Evaluation that may come and (d) estimate the
time and cost of each procedure.
5. Termination and Follow – F. This is the heart of the counseling
up process because it provides the
6. Relationship Building force and foundation for the
counseling to succeed.