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    Allergies Takunda Makondo 5th Semester

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    makondotakunda
    The document discusses different types of allergies including food, skin, dust, insect stings, pets, eye, drugs, rhinitis, latex and mold allergies. It describes allergy symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment methods including medications and immunotherapy. It also covers anaphylaxis as a severe allergic reaction requiring immediate epinephrine treatment.

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    Allergies Takunda Makondo 5th Semester

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    makondotakunda
    29 views11 pages
    The document discusses different types of allergies including food, skin, dust, insect stings, pets, eye, drugs, rhinitis, latex and mold allergies. It describes allergy symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment methods including medications and immunotherapy. It also covers anaphylaxis as a severe allergic reaction requiring immediate epinephrine treatment.

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    Allergies Takunda makondo 5th semester

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    The document discusses different types of allergies including food, skin, dust, insect stings, pets, eye, drugs, rhinitis, latex and mold allergies. It describes allergy symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment methods including medications and immunotherapy. It also covers anaphylaxis as a severe allergic reaction requiring immediate epinephrine treatment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    29 views11 pages

    Allergies Takunda Makondo 5th Semester

    Uploaded by

    makondotakunda
    The document discusses different types of allergies including food, skin, dust, insect stings, pets, eye, drugs, rhinitis, latex and mold allergies. It describes allergy symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment methods including medications and immunotherapy. It also covers anaphylaxis as a severe allergic reaction requiring immediate epinephrine treatment.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 11

    Allergies.

    Name : TAKUNDA J MAKONDO


    student No : 17194
    SEMESTER 5
    What Is An Allergy?

    The term "allergy" refers to the abnormal reaction of the immune system to substances that
    are typically harmless to most individuals. These substances, known as allergens, can trigger
    an immune response in sensitive individuals, leading to a range of symptoms that can vary
    from mild discomfort to severe, life-threatening reactions.
    Types of Allergies
    Food Allergy
    Skin Allergy
    Dust Allergy
    Insect Sting Allergy
    Pet Allergies
    Eye Allergy
    Drug Allergies
    Allergic Rhinitis
    Latex Allergy
    Mold Allergy
    Cockroach Allergy
    Food Allergies
    Food allergies are estimated to affect 4%-6% of
    children, and 4% of adults. It is most common in babies
    and children, but can appear at any age. The most
    common type of food allergens include:
    Eggs
    Milk
    Peanuts
    Tree nuts
    Fish
    Shellfish
    Wheat
    Soy
    Allergic Reactions

    A person is exposed to an allergen by inhaling it, swallowing it, or getting in on their skin. After a
    person is exposed, there is a sequence of events that create an allergic reaction:
    The body produces an antibody, IgE, to bind the allergen
    These antibodies attach to a mast cell, which can be found in the airways, intestines, and
    elsewhere
    Allergens bind to the IgE, which is attached to the mast cell, which causes the mast cells to
    release a variety of chemicals into the blood such as histamine. Histamine causes most of the
    symptoms of an allergic reaction
    Symptoms of an Allergic Reaction
    Common symptoms of
    an allergic reaction to Food allergies can cause:
    inhaled or skin allergens  Stomach cramps
    include:  Vomiting
     Itchy, watery eyes  Diarrhea
     Sneezing
     Itchy, runny nose Insect sting allergies can cause:
     Rashes  Swelling
      Redness
    Feeling tired or ill
      Pain
    Hives
    Allergy Diagnosis
    If you or someone you know has allergy symptoms, an
    allergist or immunologist can help with a diagnosis.
    You must first find out what you are allergic to in order
    to have effective treatment. Allergy testing can identify
    the specific allergens that trigger your reactions.
    There is skin testing, as well as allergy blood tests.
    Skin tests give fast results and usually cost less than
    blood tests. Blood tests are helpful because it only
    involves a single needle prick, however it costs more.
    All test results must be interpreted with the medical
    history.
    Allergy Treatment
    There are two types of allergy treatment:
    1. Medication – Decongestants and antihistamines are
    the most common. They help to reduce a stuffy
    nose, runny nose, sneezing or itching.
    Corticosteroids treat inflammation in the nose.
    2. Immunotherapy – A preventive treatment for
    allergic reactions that involves giving gradual
    increase doses of the allergen. The slow increase of
    the allergen allows the immune system to become
    less sensitive to the allergen.
    Anaphylaxis
    Anaphylaxis is a serious, life-threatening allergic
    reaction. The most common anaphylactic reactions are
    to food, insect stings, medications, and latex.
    Anaphylaxis requires immediate medical treatment,
    including an injection of epinephrine along with a trip
    to an emergency room. If not treated properly,
    anaphylaxis can be fatal.
    Anaphylaxis Symptoms
    Symptoms of anaphylaxis typically start within 5-30
    minutes of coming into contact with the allergen.
    Warning signs may include:
     Red rash, with hives/welts, usually itchy
     Swollen throat or areas of the body
     Wheezing
     Passing out
     Chest tightness
     Trouble breathing
     Hoarse voice
     Vomiting
     Diarrhea
     Stomach Cramping
     Pale or red color to the face or body
     Trouble swallowing
    Anaphylaxis Treatment
    The best way to manage anaphylaxis is:
    Avoid allergens
    Be prepared for an emergency
    If you are at risk for anaphylaxis, carry auto-injectable
    epinephrine (often referred to as an epi-pen).

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