LESSON 4:

STATEMENT OF
THE PROBLEM
Writing a Statement of the Problem

After identifying a research problem, the next step is to

write a problem statement. It has to be concise and
concrete. Writing a problem statement can help the
researcher put the topic in context and have a deeper
understanding of its significance.
A problem statement may be written in several
paragraphs or in several sentences incorporated in
the introduction. Problem statement should address
the relevance of the research: why is it important to
resolve the problem.
The problem statement need not lay world
changing impact. What is important is that the
problem statement should lay how you intend to
address the problem. Your goal should not be to
find a conclusive solution, but to seek out the
reasons behind the problem and propose more
effective approaches to understanding it.
You may start with the following phrases:

a) The aim of this study is to determine…

b) This project aims to explore…
c) I aim to investigate…

Research studies generally include the succeeding

interconnected portions
Purpose of the Statement of the Problem:

➢ To describe the substantive focus of the research

study
➢ To frame it as a larger theoretical policy
➢ A practical problem and thereby, develop its
significance
➢ To pose initial research questions
➢ To forecast the literature to be discussed in
the second section and
➢ To discuss the limitations of the study.
Specific Title of the Study:
Narcissism in Teenagers: Root Causes, Manifestations and Interventions

The different parts of the problem statement will be written as follows:

Introduction
Taking selfies or a video of oneself has become a social phenomenon that has been
brought about by the use of modern gadgets, particularly the mobile phone
adolescents take pictures or videos of themselves, their possessions, their latest
happenings or gigs, their friends, their food-anything, anyone they take a fancy on,
anywhere, anytime. A good number of people say that this social phenomenon has
evolved into narcissism. There is, to date, a dearth of research on this topic.
Statement of the Problem

Major Problem: This study aims to investigate

the root causes of narcissism, as well as its
manifestations and possible forms of intervention.
Specific Problems: Specifically, it seeks to answer the
following questions:

➢ What are the underlying causes of narcissism?

➢ How has technology contributed to narcissistic
behavior?
➢ What are the manifestations of narcissistic behavior
in adolescents?
➢ What forms of intervention can be done to address
➢ How can the following help in developing healthy self-esteem,
positive outlooks and attitudes in adolescents?

- Parents
- Curriculum Planners
- Administrators
- Teachers
- Guidance Counsellors
- Peers
MAKING OWN STATEMENT OF THE
PROBLEM
Directions: Go back on the sample given. On the topic
that you have chosen, write a specific statement.
 POST TEST
Test I.
Directions: Put an (/) if the statement is true, and (X) if it
is false. Write your answer in the space provided.

______1. One of the purposes of making the statement

of the problem is to describe the substantive focus of the
research study.
_____2. After identifying a research problem, the next
step is to write the scope and limitations of the study.
_____3. A problem statement may be written in several
paragraphs or in several sentences incorporated in the
introduction.
_____4. S.O.P. has to be concise and concrete.
_____5. Writing a problem statement can help the
researcher put the topic in context and have a deeper
understanding of its significance
Test II. (5 points)

Why is it necessary to include “statement of

the problem” in your research?
LESSON 5:
IMPORTANCE
OF THE STUDY
Significance of the Study in research refers to the
potential importance, relevance, or impact of the
research findings. It outlines how the research
contributes to the existing body of knowledge, what
gaps it fills, or what new understanding it brings to a
particular field of study.
In general, the significance of a study can be assessed based on
several factors, including:
• Originality: The extent to which the study advances existing
knowledge or introduces new ideas and perspectives.
• Practical relevance: The potential implications of the study for
real-world situations, such as improving policy or practice.
• Theoretical contribution: The extent to which the study
employs appropriate and robust methods and techniques to
generate reliable and valid data.
• Social or cultural impact: The potential impact of the study on
society, culture, or public perception of a particular issue.
Types of Significance of the Study
1. Theoretical Significance- refers to the contribution that a study makes to the
existing body of theories in a specific field. This could be by confirming,
refuting, or adding nuance to a currently accepted theory, or by proposing an
entirely new theory.
2. Practical Significance- refers to the direct applicability and usefulness of the
research findings in real-world contexts. Studies with practical significance
often address real-life problems and offer potential solutions or strategies.
For example, a study in the field of public health might identify a new
intervention that significantly reduces the spread of a certain disease.
3. Significance for Future Research- this pertains to the potential of a study to
inspire further research. A study might open up new areas of investigation,
provide new research methodologies, or propose new hypotheses that need to
be tested.
How to Write Significance of the Study

Here’s a guide to writing an effective “Significance of

the Study” section in research paper, thesis, or
dissertation:
• Background
• Identify the gap
• State the purpose of your study
• Explain the significance
• Identify beneficiaries
• Future implications
The researcher believed that the result of this study will help the
following assess the 4Ps program and its effect to the
performance of the pupils.

The Department of Social Welfare and Development. The

researcher believes that the result of this study will be of great
importance to the department since they are the ones monitoring
the 4Ps program. May this study serve as the basis in the
modification of the conditions in giving cash grants.
The Administrators. The result of the study would be the basis of
constructing and implementing new and innovative teaching aids to help
teachers fully supervise and assess the pupils to achieve their full
potentials, since children are financially supported in their studies by the
government.

The Teachers. The result of this study may help the teacher in
constructing and developing new teaching strategies to help the students
in their performance and be mindful that even if students are provided
and supported by the government, they still need equal guidance to
perform well in school. The factors affecting the performance of the
students may also help the teacher as their basis in making daily lessons.
The Parents. The result of this study will inform the
parents that their guidance is a big impact on the
performance of the students in school.

The Students. May the result of this research help the

student in understanding that coming to school daily may
be a guarantee that they will also have good academic
performance. And may the result give them the overview
of how the government is supporting their studies and that
they must do their part by studying well.
LESSON 6:
SCOPE AND
LIMITATIONS OF
THE STUDY
The scope and delimitation of the study set borders and
limitations of the problem inquiry and narrow down the
scope of the inquiry.
The purpose of the delimitation of the study is to delimit
by geographic location, age, sex, population traits,
population size, or other similar aspects. Delimitation
makes study more manageable and feasible. Part of it
sets the constraints or weaknesses of a study which are
beyond the control of the researcher.
Scope and limitations are two terms that address the details of a
research project. The term scope refers to the problem or issue
that the researcher wants to study with the project. Limitations is
the term used for constraints that impact the researcher’s ability
to effectively study the scope of the project.

Thus, delimitations are the characteristics that limit the scope and
describe the boundaries of the study, such as the sample size,
geographical location or setting in which the study takes place,
population traits, etc. Additionally, the researcher might also
choose to use some research tools and methodologies to collect
data but not others.
Examples of Delimitation of Research:

➢ This study covers only those families in Barangay

San Jose, Pasig City, benefited by the government’s
Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program.
➢ This study includes only those English freshman
classes that use both Blended Learning and standard
ways of Language teaching.
LESSON 7:
DEFINITION
OF TERMS
Glossary of Research Terms- this glossary is intended to
assist you in understanding commonly used terms and
concepts when reading, interpreting, and evaluating scholarly
research in the social sciences.

Definition of terms is usually an annex to a work (book,

research paper, pamphlets, etc.) either at the beginning or more
likely near the end with a list of acronyms, jargon, credits, etc.
This is an important part of Research paper or report is that in
which the key or important terms in the study are clearly
defined.
➢ Conceptual Definition
• Refers to the dictionary meaning.

➢ Operational Definition
• The meaning of the concept or terms as
used in a particular study.
 Sample Operational Definition of Terms
Conceptual Definition Operational Definition
Academic Performance CCT or Conditional Cash
It is the product of education- Transfer
the degree to which a student, a This is a program that transfers
teacher or organization has cash, largely to deprived
attained their educational goals. families, on the circumstance
It is dignified by the final grade that those families make
earned in the course. prespecified funds in the human
assets of their kids.