Chapter 002wilson

Developmental Assessment
Throughout the Life Span

Chapter 2
Copyright © 2005, Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Life Span Developmental
Assessment
• Physical, behavioral, cognitive development:
important indicators of health
• Client’s actual health characteristics compared
with described/recommended characteristics
– Deviations from norm: health problems to be addressed
– Determine client’s prevention actions: compare with
recommendations by U.S. Preventive Services Task
Force
– Behavioral, cognitive development areas also
assessed: data compared with norms

Life Span Developmental
Assessment
• Age-specific developmental tasks, physical,
behavioral, cognitive development assessed
• Additional data for first 6 years (dramatic
physical growth/development
– Motor development (gross/fine motor)
– Social-adaptive behaviors (interaction with
environment)
– Language behavior (visible/audible forms
of communication)

Theories of Development
• Theories facilitate description/prediction of
growth/development through life span
• Personality development (Erikson)
– Individual ego driven; influenced by society/culture
– Eight predetermined developmental stages with
tasks
• Psychosocial/polar opposites (conflicts)
• Balance needed in each state
• Healthy self-identity from successful completion
of each task

Theories of Development
– Each stage builds on previous stage
• People/environment influence
accomplishment of tasks
• Motivation for healthy identity comes
from within individual
– Conflicts may recur

Developmental Tasks
• Evolve from physical growth/culture
• Growth leads to performance of more
complex tasks
• Expectations of family, peers, and associates
influence individual conformity
– Emerge at appropriate times when role and status
behaviors appropriate for age/gender

Developmental Tasks
• Vary from culture to culture, region to
region, socioeconomic class within
geographic area
• Drive within individual to develop so one
can achieve goal(s)
– Internal: but may be influenced by
demands/expectations of others
– Conflicts arise from changing cultures

ASSESSMENT
• Assessment tools:
social/emotional behaviors,
identifying/reducing stress

Components of Health
Assessment
• Systematic method of data collection to
identify client’s health characteristics
• Data collected: client’s health compared
with ideal—accounting for client’s traits
• Collection/analysis of data lead to
identify problems
– Guide nurse in developing care plan
– Assist client to maximize health potential

Family Development and
Assessment
• Definition/composition of family dramatically
changed
– No longer traditional heterosexual couple with children
– Blended families; homosexual couples, maybe children;
single parents; intergenerational families
• Definition: two or more individuals with bonds of
commitment, loyalty, affection
– Share time, financial/physical resources, responsibilities
for unit maintenance

Assessment
• Duval/Miller: traditional stages of family
development
• Nonnuclear/nontraditional families increasing
– Adoptive/foster families: children experience
primary relationship losses with parent(s)
• Generally headed by heterosexual adult couple
• Foster families: children from multiple households;
adults with minimal/no legal relationship to
children

Assessment
• Stepfamilies: all members suffer primary
relationship loss
– Parent/stepparent: part-time relationship with
child
– Outside relationships between adult parents
produces conflicts/loyalty issues
– Children: members of more than one
household
– Stepparents: parent and child not biologically
related

Assessment
• Single-parent families increasing
– Increase in divorce, decrease in stigma of
unwed mothers
– Child/parent feel loss of absent biologic parent
– Absent parent involvement variable
– Children added from same/different biologic
parent
– Financial difficulties most common stressor
(only 1 adult)

Assessment
• Assessment tools
– Structure/function, social environment,
interrelationships, identifying/reducing
stress

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Developmental Assessment

Throughout the Life Span

Copyright © 2005, Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2005, Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2005, Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2005, Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2005, Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2005, Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2005, Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2005, Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2005, Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2005, Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2005, Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2005, Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2005, Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

Copyright © 2005, Mosby, Inc. All rights reserved.

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