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    Pneumatic structures derive stability from air pressure within flexible membranes rather than rigid frames. They include air-supported structures with low internal pressure and air-inflated structures with higher pressure between two fabric layers. Pneumatic structures are lightweight, easily erected and dismantled, and provide large clear spans. However, they require continuous air supply to maintain pressure and have poorer insulation than rigid buildings. Examples include sports domes, exhibition halls, and the iconic U.S. Pavilion at Expo '70 featuring one of the first large-scale air-supported cable roof structures.

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    Const

    Uploaded by

    Paaneri
    5 views25 pages
    Pneumatic structures derive stability from air pressure within flexible membranes rather than rigid frames. They include air-supported structures with low internal pressure and air-inflated structures with higher pressure between two fabric layers. Pneumatic structures are lightweight, easily erected and dismantled, and provide large clear spans. However, they require continuous air supply to maintain pressure and have poorer insulation than rigid buildings. Examples include sports domes, exhibition halls, and the iconic U.S. Pavilion at Expo '70 featuring one of the first large-scale air-supported cable roof structures.

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    Pneumatic structures derive stability from air pressure within flexible membranes rather than rigid frames. They include air-supported structures with low internal pressure and air-inflated structures with higher pressure between two fabric layers. Pneumatic structures are lightweight, easily erected and dismantled, and provide large clear spans. However, they require continuous air supply to maintain pressure and have poorer insulation than rigid buildings. Examples include sports domes, exhibition halls, and the iconic U.S. Pavilion at Expo '70 featuring one of the first large-scale air-supported cable roof structures.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    5 views25 pages

    Const

    Uploaded by

    Paaneri
    Pneumatic structures derive stability from air pressure within flexible membranes rather than rigid frames. They include air-supported structures with low internal pressure and air-inflated structures with higher pressure between two fabric layers. Pneumatic structures are lightweight, easily erected and dismantled, and provide large clear spans. However, they require continuous air supply to maintain pressure and have poorer insulation than rigid buildings. Examples include sports domes, exhibition halls, and the iconic U.S. Pavilion at Expo '70 featuring one of the first large-scale air-supported cable roof structures.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 25

    Pneumatic Structures

    History
    • The concept of pneumatic structures
    were developed during the
    development of hot air
    • balloons.- A brazilian priest Gusmao
    conducted the first experiment in
    1709.
    • During second world war, after the
    invention of nylon, these structures
    were widely used in military
    operations, as shelters.
    • These were later used for protecting
    radar from extreme weather
    conditions.
    Introduction
    • Pneumatic structures are flexible
    membranes that derive their stability
    from air pressure
    • In pneumatic constructions ,
    pressure differences between the
    enclosed space and the exterior are
    responsible for giving the building
    shape and stability as well
    • Usually have Synclastic curvature
    such as domes, but Anticlastic
    curvatures are possible as well
    • Membrane's minimal weight and
    small size when deflated allow for
    easy manipulation and transport.
    INTRODUCTION
    General Characteristic: Pneumatic
    Structure
    • Light weight.

    • Safety.

    • Quick erection & Dismantling.

    • Economy

    • Good Natural Lighting.

    • Human Light.
    Components: Pneumatic Structure

    • Envelope.

    • Cable system.
    • Pumping Equipment.

    • Entrance.

    • Foundation.
    Materials: Pneumatic
    Structure
    Envelope
    Anchor System
    • Fiberglass
    • Steel Cable
    • Polyester
    • Ballasts
    • Ethylene tetrafluoroethylene

    • Nylon
    Types: Pneumatic
    Structure

    Air Supported (Low


    Pressure)

    Air Inflated (High Pressure)


    Air Supported Pneumatic Structures

    • Single fabric layer enclosing a space in form of domes


    or similar shapes
    • The fabric is supported by inside air pressure
    • The low air pressure makes air supported structures
    more vulnerable to flutter under wind load
    • Since the usable space is under air pressure, door
    openings must have air locks
    • Air supported structures require continuous air
    supply, usually with standby electric power generator
    to retain air pressure in case of power outage
    Air Supported : pneumatic Structure
    Air Inflated (High
    Pressure)
    • Hermetically enclosed volumes that are inflated under
    high pressure much like a football to provide stability
    • Tubular or cushion forms with high air pressure between
    two layers of fabric that provide usable space under normal
    air pressure
    • Without air pressure they would have no stability
    • Air inflated structures also require some continuous air
    supply to make up for pressure loss due to membrane leaks
    Air Inflated :
    Pneumatic structure
    Application: Pneumatic Structures

    • Sports and Recreation Centres

    • Exhibition and Convention Centre

    • Greenhouse
    Advantages:
    Pneumatic Structures

    • Light in weight

    • Good for large spans without internal supports

    • Rapid assemble and disassemble

    • Low initial and operating cost

    • Easy to transport when deflated


    Disadvantages:
    Pneumatic Structures

    • Needs continuous maintenance of excess


    pressure in the envelope
    • Continuous fan operation is required to maintain
    pressure
    • Insulation is poor compared to hard-walled
    structures
    • Service Life is relatively short
    MODERN TEAHOUSE 2007 -
    MAK FRANKFURT/MAIN
    Eden Project
    Fuji Pavilion
    (Expo '70)
    CASE STUDY Japan Pavilion – Osaka 70
    United States Pavilion – Osaka 70
    Osaka, Japan. 1970
    Architect: Davis Brody Bond and Charmayeff &
    Geismar
    Engineer: David Geiger-Horst Berger.

    The U.S. Pavilion at EXPO features one of the first air supported cable roofs. Super-
    elliptical in shape and spanning 262 by 460 ft, the roof employs cables 20 feet on
    center and arrayed in a diamond pattern. There is no central tension ring. Cables are
    anchored to a concrete compression ring resting on, but not anchored to, an earth
    berm. The berm’s shallow slope and the roof’s flat dome (23 ft rise) greatly reduces
    wind loading.
    A unique collaboration between Davis Brody Bond and exhibit designers, Charmayeff &
    Geismar, the elliptical U.S. Pavilion at EXPO ‘70 was partially sunk into the ground and
    roofed by the largest clear-span air-supported cable roof ever built. Made of a translucent,
    vinyl-coated, fiberglass fabric, the roof provided filtered natural light by day, and glowed at
    night. The fabric weighed one pound per square foot and was kept inflated by an internal
    pressure of approximately three-hundredths of a pound per square inch above the outside
    atmospheric pressure. Hollowed out of the earth, the interior structure housed seven major
    exhibits under the general heading “Image of America.” It rose two levels with a combined
    floor area of 100,000 square feet and could accommodate up to 10,000 visitors an hour.
    CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES
    CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES
    Anisotropic materials Gridded fabric

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