AUDIO AIDS

Presented by Arjumand zargar

Audio Visual Aids
 Introduction
 Audio-Visual aids are also referred to as educational material.
Audio means that “hearing” and “visual” means seeing. All
such aids that endeavor to create things clear to us through our
senses are referred to as “Audio-Visual Aids” or educational
Materials. These learning materials create educational things
as real as potential and provide us primary data through the
organs of hearing and seeing. Therefore, any device which
may be won to create the educational expertise a lot of
concrete, effective, realistic, and dynamic are often thought of
as audio visual material .
Meaning of AV
Aids:
 The sensory objects or images which initiate or
stimulates and reinforce learning. It helps the process
of learning that is motivation, classification and
stimulation. Audio-visual aids are multisensory
materials which motivates, classifies, and stimulates
the individuals. It makes dynamic learning experience
more concrete, realistic and clarity, establish, co-relate
and coordinate accurate concepts, interpretations and
appreciation and enables him to make learning
effective, interesting, inspirational, meaningful and
vivid.
Definition
 Audio-visual aids are those aids which help in
computing the triangular process of learning i.e.,
motivation, classification and stimulation.(Cater V.
Good) .
 Audio-visual aids are those sensory objects or images
which initiate or stimulate and reinforce learning.
(Burton)
 Audio-visual aids are anything by means of which
learning process may be encouraged or carried on
through the sense of learning or sense of sight.(-Good’s
Dictionary of Education).
Classification of AV
Aids:
 1.Auditory aids e.g. Radio, recording, mike,
phonograms, megaphone, microphone,
gramophone. 2.Visual aids: a)Non-
projected e.g. Models, 3-D materials, pictures,
charts, flannel graphs, boards, cartoons, maps,
photographs, flashcards, illustrations, posters,
printed materials. b)Projected aids e.g. Epidiascope,
slide projector, overhead projector, film projector,
opaque projector.
 3.Audio-visual aids , e.g. Television, video,
sound motion pictures. 4.Aid through
activity e.g. Field trips, models, collection
of material and exhibition. 5.Traditional
media e.g. Puppets, dramas, folksongs and
folk dance.
AUDIO DEVICES:
 Audio educational aids are popularly known as
auditory aids and are considered significantly
important educational aids because of their access,
cost-effectiveness and easy operability.
 Audio educational and are very popular in
language-learning strategies. The common
educational aids that come under the category are
radios, tape recorders and gramophones, and most
commonly used is tape recorder.
I) RADIO
 Radio is a very common type of hardware teaching
aid The use of radio for educational purpose was
tested in England in 1924. School broadcasting was
started in 1932 from Kolkata.
 RG Reynolds writes, ‘Radio is the most significant
medium for education in its broadest sense that has
been introduced since the turn of the century. As a
supplement to classroom teaching its possibilities
are almost unlimited.
Characteristics of audio
experience through radio
and recordings:
 1.Immediacy: Radio can describe events as they
happen. 2.Emotional impact: Through the
combined effect of voice, environmental sound and
music, the student’s interest can be captured and her
imagination stirred. 3.Authencity: It is possible for
experts to visit any class room at any time.
Student’s knowledge of a subject can be enriched
by listening to an expert, discuss the topic
understudy on the radio. In this way, radio can
bring the outside world into the class room.
 4.Conquest of time and space: Through
simulated programs, audio-media actually
can over come, the barriers of time and
space. 5.One-way communication: No
possibility of student’s feedback
6.Audition: Cannot be auditioned, to
determine their educational value.
Uses:
 ✓To develop increased skills in listening participation
and evaluating what is heard.
 ✓To acquire information about the cultural
background of many different ethnic group.
 ✓Public shall be informed, permitted and encouraged
to participate in maintaining and raising health
standards. ✓Enrichment of the school programme.
✓Broadcasts are effective means of presenting music,
drama and discussions for study and appreciation. ✓
These are actually team-teaching demonstrations.
Types of radio
lessons
 Generally three kinds of radio lessons are
popular, these being ;
 TALK
 DISCUSSION
 DRAMATIZATION
 1 Preparation of Instructor :

Principles to Clear objectives- it will help to determine whether to use

or not

be followed
for the To evaluate the effectiveness of media in a particular
teaching-learning situation.

effective
utilization of Gathering advance information.

Radio:
Motivation .
2) Develop student
readiness
 Reception involves proper listening, can be
facilitated by providing suitable physical
conditions in the classroom.
 Preliminary comments, questions, defining
key word, reference reading.
 Encourage the students to develop
good listening habits.

3) Listening Concentrate on the programme,

thinking about what is said and what
to the it really means.

programme
Listen with an open mind, and with
willingness to hear another point of
view.
4) Discussion and
application
 After the programme , a group discussion
should follow to clarify her thinking and
enrich critical thinking.
5) Follow up
 A proper follow-up of students
understanding of the information, to
remove fallacies and misunderstandings.
Advantages
 Increased skills in listening Good for mass
education. Effective for distance
education.A good radio lesson can be
recorded for use at any appropriate time.
Problems and
limitations
 No concentrated attention
 One-way communication
 Adjustment
 No pre-hearing and re-usability.
 Administrative problems.
II) RECORDING
DEVICES:
 The devices which can record and reproduce sound
are called recording devices, and can be used to
augment teaching in a classroom. Good lessons and
language art pieces can be recorded and replayed to
introduce, review or augment a lesson.
 Types of recording devices: There are two main
types of recording devices:
 1.Record disk player .
 2. Tape recorder.
1) Record Disk:
 A record disc player is a sort of talking machine
which reproduces sound recorded on a disk.
Records are available having poems, songs, fairy
tales, stories, linguaphone lesson, dramatic reading
lessons, English language lessons (BBC), etc and
these can be used for students of different classes.
 Record discs are easy to play and every record
player is accompanied by an operating manual
carrying instructions regarding its correct usage.
Sources and
utilization of record
disk:
 Record discs and player are available in
music shops, Departmental stores, electric
stores, radio shops, etc. These are few
record discs manufacturing companies in
India such as His Master’s Voice (HMV).
A record player can be used
in the following ways in the
actual classroom situation:
 The record player can be used to supplement a lesson.
 The record player can be used for an appreciation lesson in music.
 The record player can be used for an appreciation lesson in literature.
 The record player can be used for students to acquire the singing ability, deliver
a speech properly, and recite a poem in the right way.
 The player can be used to end or conclude a lesson; introduce a lesson and
review a lesson.
 While playing record disc in the class, hearing by students is not enough, rather
they must listen to the sounds for real learning and enjoyment.
Advantages of
record disk:
 Records have a repeat value and can be played over
and again for practice and drill.
 Certain portions can be played back at will to
highlight specific points.
 Records can be useful for teaching phonetics.
 Records can arouse positive emotions by specific
sound effects and dramatization.
 Records are good for training in speaking, singing
and recitation.
2) TAPE
RECORDER
 ■A tape recorder is portable electronic gadget to record,
reproduce, erase and re-record sound on a magnetic tape. This
device can be used without much fuss by anybody by
operating the following press buttons attached to the recorder,
viz, stop, play, wind, rewind, record, pause and eject.
 It enables one to listen and hear recordings previously made. It
facilitate the pupil to hear their own voice and events which
occur in their own school.
 The class can tape their own singing or discussion
programmes and listen into them in order to improve them
later on.The teacher and pupil should operate and record on
the tape-recorder
Preparation and
utilization of tape
recorder:
 The recording should be done in the following steps:
 First of all, choose a room with proper acoustics. A heavily
curtained room in the school will do this job. Special recording
studios have the walls covered with sound absorbing materials like
straw-boards.
 Place the tape recorder on a steady table and insert in the cassette.
Also, plug in the power cord if the tape recorder is not to be run on
the battery. Check the working of the tape recorder before recording
the lesson.
 Locate the microphone input socket and plug in the microphone, it
is advisable to use external microphone placed 2530 cm away from
the person whose voice is recorded.
 Press the record-button, speak into the microphone, watch the
sound level indicator or meter and appropriately adjust the
volume control, tone control and treble control.
 After testing and setting the tape recorder, rewind the cassette
completely and the recorder on stop before actual recording.
 Record the actual material spoken into the microphone by
pressing the record and play buttons simultaneously.
 After recording is over, rewind and play the tape recorder for
editing, auditing and evaluation before it is used in the
classroom.
Advantages of tape
recorder:
 Tape recorder are the commonly available aids which are
economical to use as recording can be erased and the tape refused.
 Being a common household equipment, the tape recorder is easy to
operate as it has only a few controls.
 A valuable recording can be stored for reuse as instruction.
 The talks of well-known personalities can be recorded at a
convenient place and brought to the school for replay to the student.
 Tape recordings provide the flexibility for the teacher to edit and
evaluate material.
III) EDUCATIONAL
RECORDINGS :
 Teacher should listen to the record from various sources and
select those most useful for the subject and the topics they are
going t teach. The voices and speeches of many professional
leaders can be heard on records and discs; classroom teaching
can be enriched and made interesting and meaning full by
their appropriate use. Recording should be handled carefully.
 use of recorded pieces in education has great value in
language learning. The needed selection for a particular
learning situation can be easily identified by the specific
microgroove ring it occupies on the record
Types:
 A)Phonograph records or disc recording.
B)wire recording
A) Phonograph
record or Disc
record
 A phonograph record (also known as a gramophone record,
especially in British English), a vinyl record (for later varieties
only), or simply a record or vinyl is an analog sound storage
medium in the form of a flat disc with an inscribed, modulated
spiral groove.
 To inculcate a love of good music, to teach songs, famous
speech, language and good pronunciation.
 To mend speech defects in one’s own language.
 To teach good pronunciation in a foreign language.’
 For co-curricular activities in the school e.g. song, dancing,
back-ground music.
B)Wire recording
 Its also known as Magnetic Wire Recording ,
its an analog type of audio storage .The first
crude magnetic recorder was invented in 1898
by Valdemar Poulsen .
Advantages
 Recording are two way communication
 It eliminates the time-adjustment problems or radio.
 Recordings can be made to play at desire and
teaching needs.
 Recording can be hear and evaluated.
 Recording offer a wide range of helpful material.
 The school can have its own recording.
IV) PUBLIC
ADDRESS SYSTEM
 PA (public address) system, or sound reinforcement
system, is a collection of equipment designed to
amplify voice and music so that they can be heard by a
larger number of people.
 Public Address System (PA System) is an electronic
sound amplification and distribution system with a
microphone, amplifier and loudspeakers, used to allow
a person to address a large public, for example,
classrooms and interior public areas and the outside
parking lots and athletic fields.
Purposes of Public
address system in
educational institute’s:
 To address large group of audience, i.e., Students, teachers and
many times parents.
 Lecture Room PA Systems
 Playing back music for school assemblies
 Making announcements at outdoor carnivals
 Providing sound reinforcement for concerts and school plays.
 Emergency broadcasting: An advanced fire detection system that
uses the Voice Alarm (also known as VA) in conjunction with a
public address system.
 School PA systems are used for operational and emergency
communications within a school.
Bibliography
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