CFLM 2

Leadership, Decision
Making, Management and
Administration
 CFLM 2
 What is Leadership &
Management?
 Who is Leader & Manager?
 Leader vs Manager, can it be
learned? Can it be taught?
 Types of Leader &
Leadership Styles
 Self-Leadership

oLeadership oWhen he has foresight,

is goveming
oneself." Simply means that, a makes the right
person must first lead himself decisions and choices on
before he can lead others. his own, and exhibits
dedication towards
oHe must possess the ability to achieving his goals then
consciously influence his own has self-leadership skills.
thoughts and behavior in order
oAside from goal setting,
to achieve his personal goals
or the objectives of the self-awareness is another
organization he is leading. factor that helps make
people great self-leaders.
o
 Self-Leadership

• Self-awareness is the ability to

focus on yourself and how your
actions, thoughts or emotions do or
don’t align with your internal
standards

• Self-regulation can involves

controlling one's behavior, emotions
and thoughts in the pursuit of long-
term coals

• Self motivation is the abilty lo drive

oneself to take indative and achon
to pursue goals and complete basics
 1. For leaders or superior officers, who
receives very little or no supervision,
Significance of Self-
self - leadership enable them to plan
and set objectives on their own, as
Leadership well as influence their own self to
follow those plans.
Self-leadership is the first stage 2. For lower level employee or
or level of leadership. For subordinates, who cannot all the time
employees, whether managers or be sure the kind of goverance or leader
ordinary subordinates, self- they will meet in the course of their
leadership is of great career sell- leadership enable them to
importance. make themselves effective and efficient
workers despite whatever leadership
they may come across, whether laissez
faire, tree-reign, democratic or
autocratic.

3. Sell-leadership helps make the

Individual proactive, disciplined, and an
independent decision maker. People
who have no strong sense of self
leadership tend to feel they are not in
 •This means that every person must have a vision and
capable of setting it Being your own leader, your
purpose or vision will be the foundation upon which
you will build self-leadership. Without property
arranged objectives or purpose for your life, you will
be at risk, trying to follow people's plans or ideas for
your life and you end up stuck in the middle of
nowhere

• Clarity of Purpose

• Aim at Success and

Take Reasonable Risks

• Spend Time to Reflect

Development of Leadership
on Your Life
 •Risk taking is an essential aspect of life.
Challenge yourself to take on courageous tasks.
Don’t discourage yourself with past failures of
yourself or others instead focus on success.
However, they should be reasonably calculated
risks that are relevant to your purpose

• Clarity of Purpose

• Aim at Success and

Take Reasonable Risks

• Spend Time to Reflect

Development of Leadership
on Your Life
 • Reflections can also mean allowing someone to make
an objective assessment of you While you remain the
active doer of the things you do, you may see things
from your perspective only. Take some time of lo reflect
on your like. Compare the past lo the present and the
present to future goats. Until you take a break to
analyze yourself, you may never identify certain minor
flaws

• Clarity of Purpose

• Aim at Success and

Take Reasonable Risks

• Spend Time to Reflect

Development of Leadership
on Your Life
 • You cannot put your vision at risk You should
learn to be intolerant of any suggestion or ideas
which are not in line with your vision. This
intolerance is not towards others only but you loo.
Il includes not tolerating negative aspects of your
nature such as laziness, fear, and many others

• Clarity of Purpose

• Aim at Success and Take

Reasonable Risks

• Spend Time to Reflect on

Development of Leadership Your Life
• Don't Tolerate Just
Anything
Leadership

• It is the action of leading people to achieve

goals. I plays an important role in
subordinate's performance and productivity.
Leaders do this by influencing subordinates'
behaviors in several ways.

• It is a process by which a person influences

others and directs the organization in a way
that makes it more cohesive and coherent
 do.
oTake note that it is the followers, not
the leader or someone else who determines if the leader is
successful
oI they do not trust or lack confidence in their leader, then
they will be uninspired
oTo be successful you have to convince your followers, not
yourself or your superiors, that you are worthy of being
followed

• Leader
• Followers
• Communication
• Situaton

FOUR PRIMARY FACTORS OF

LEADERSHIP
 newly- hired requires more supervision than an experienced
subordinate does.
oA person who lacks motivation requires a different approach
than one with a high degree of motivation.
oAs a leader, you must know your people. The fundamental
staring point shaving a good understanding of human nature,
such as needs, emotions, and motivation
oYou must come to know your employees' be, know, and do
attributes.

• Leader
• Followers
• Communication
• Situation

FOUR PRIMARY FACTORS OF

LEADERSHIP
oBeing a leader, you lead through two-way
communication. Much of † is nonverbal
oFor instance, when you set the example," that
communicates to your people that you would not ask
them to perform anything that you would not be wiling
to do
oWhat and how you communicate ether builds or harms
the relationship between you and your followers

• Leader
• Followers
• Communication
• Situation

FOUR PRIMARY FACTORS OF

LEADERSHIP
oAll situations are different What you do in one situation will
not always work in another You must use your judgment to
decide the best course of action and the leadership stye
needed for each situation For example, you may need
confront a subordinate for inappropriate behavior, but the
confrontation is too late or too early too harsh or too weak
then the results may prove ineffective.
oAlso mole that the situation normally has a greater effect on
a leader's action than his or her traits. This is because while
trats may have an impressive stability over a period time,
they have little consistency across situations
• Leader
• Followers
• Communication
• Situation

FOUR PRIMARY FACTORS OF

LEADERSHIP
Management as a Process

• Management as a process embarked upon with the

sole aim of achieving a purpose. That purpose could be:

• To increase the client satisfaction on the services

offered by the organization.

• Develop the knowledge, skills and capacity of the

personnel, or
To achieve a specific goal or target.
Activity Management

Freedom of the mind from jobs already done is

significant so that there can be concentration on
the present task, so a person's mind needs to
move task out of mind by recording them
externally .
MANAGEMENT AS A DISCIPLINE

oManagement is also a discipline for it involves

the study of practices and principles required lo
carry out official administrative duties, and also.
highlight the code of conduct managers need ho
follow in the discharge of Their responsibilities.
MANAGEMENT AS AN GROUP

oThe definition of management indicates in every sense

that it's a group. Managerial tasks are usually not
carried out by one person alone. in most cases, as
businesses expand, various administrative positions
are even created so the company can achieve the
targeted goals.
MANAGEMENT AS AN SCIENCE

Management is also a science because involves

everything used in classifying a field as science. For
instance, science establishes cause and effect
relationship between variables. It also takes into
account the principles that bind the variables in
question. However, scientific principles are established
through the usual scientific methods which involve
testing And this process includes the observation and
verification done through a series of testing
THE LEADER AND ITS ROLES

•A leader sets a clear vision for the organization, motivates

employees, guides employees through the work process and builds
morale. Good leaders are made, not born. If you have the desire and
willpower, you can become an effective leader. Good leaders develop
through a never ending process of self-study, education, training,
and experience.

• To inspire your workers into higher levels of teamwork, there are

certain things you must be, know, and do. These do not often come
naturally, but are acquired through continual work and study. Good
leaders are continually working and studying to improve their
leadership skills; they are not resting on their past achievements.
MANAGERIAL SKILLS

oManagerial position requires proper skills in performing

different jobs.

oHe cannot be an effective manager if he lacks knowledge and

skills in doing the job for it will be the bases in giving
correction and guiding his personnel.
3 ESSENTIAL SKILLS OR COMPETENCE OF
THE MANAGER

Technical Skills
Managers must have the technical skits or the ability lo work with the
resource tools, techniques, procedures.

Human Skills
Managers must have the ability to work well with other people both
individually and in a group

Conceptual Skills
Managers must have the ability to integrate and coordinate various
activities Managers must have the ability to think and to conceptualize
about abstract solutions.
MANAGEMENT AS AN PROFFESSION

oManagements also a profession because t has

features that quality it to be so. A profession is termed
an occupation in which one requires knowledge and
undergoes series of training to ft perfectly into the
said position.
LEADER VS MANAGER, CAN IT BE
LEARNED? CAN IT BE TAUGHT?

Management can be taught. Leadership must be experienced

to be learned.

• The great leaders have evolved their abilities through on-

the-job experiences that prepare them to lead by a variety of
successes and failures. The quicker you get started on this
journey to leadership, the more time you will have to build a
legacy of positive outcomes.
LEADER VS MANAGER, CAN IT BE
LEARNED? CAN IT BE TAUGHT?

oWhile leadership is learned, a leader's skills and knowledge can be

influenced by his or her attributes or traits, such as beliefs, values,
ethics, and character.

oKnowledge and skills contribute directly to the process of

leadership, while the other attributes give the leader certain
characteristics that make him or her unique.

oA leader might have learned the skills in counseling others, but her
traits will often play a great role in determining how he counsels.
• Visionary leaders inspire others to work toward a vision for the future.
Pros
o Visionary leaders inspire and motivate others with their vision for the
future
o They encourage creative thinking and innovation by challenging the status
quo and promoting new ideas
Cons
o They can face difficulty communicating their grand vision, which can
result in misunderstandings or confusion among team members
o Visionary leaders may also establish ambitious goals that can be
challenging to achieve, potentially creating pressure and fostering
unrealistic expectations

• Visionary Leadership
• Transactional Leadership
• Charismatic Leadership
• Transformational
Leadership
• Autocratic Leadership
• Bureaucratic Leadership
TYPES OF MANAGEMENT • Democratic Leadership
STYLE • Laissez-Faire Leadership
Transactional leaders use social exchanges to influence others to achieve their goals.
Pros
o These leaders establish clear expectations, goals, and performance standards,
ensuring that others understand what is expected of them, thus promoting
accountability
o They use rewards and recognition to motivate and incentivize their team members,
fostering productivity and performance
Cons
• This type of leadership primarily focuses on maintaining existing processes and
achieving established goals. Needless to say, this can potentially stifle innovation and
creativity within the team

• The transactional approach of this leadership style can also lead to a lack of
personal and professional growth opportunities for team members
• Visionary Leadership
• Transactional Leadership
• Charismatic Leadership
• Transformational
Leadership
• Autocratic Leadership
• Bureaucratic Leadership
TYPES OF MANAGEMENT • Democratic Leadership
STYLE • Laissez-Faire Leadership
Charismatic leaders inspire and motivate others to behave in a
specific way by being enthusiastic, energetic, and charismatic.
Pros
o These leaders can inspire and motivate others through their
enthusiasm, energy, and charisma
o They also create an optimistic work atmosphere, fostering high
morale and engagement
Cons
• Their persuasive abilities can be utilized for self-serving purposes
without considering the best interests of the r organization or team
• The focus on inspiring and motivating may overshadow the
practical aspects of execution and implementation
• Visionary Leadership
• Transactional Leadership
• Charismatic Leadership
• Transformational
Leadership
• Autocratic Leadership
• Bureaucratic Leadership
TYPES OF MANAGEMENT • Democratic Leadership
STYLE • Laissez-Faire Leadership
Transformational leaders transform others, nurturing them to achieve greater
success and growth.
Pros
o Transformational leaders encourage creativity, challenge the status quo, and foster
a culture of continuous
improvement and growth
o Additionally, they create a supportive and empowering work environment that
fosters a sense of satisfaction, morale, and motivation among employees

Cons
o Transformational leaders' high expectations and drive for excellence can sometimes
lead to increased pressure and workload for employees.
o In addition to this, transformational leaders, driven by the pursuit of organizational
goals, may overlook the developmental needs of individual team members

• Visionary Leadership
• Transactional Leadership
• Charismatic Leadership
• Transformational
Leadership
• Autocratic Leadership
• Bureaucratic Leadership
TYPES OF MANAGEMENT • Democratic Leadership
STYLE • Laissez-Faire Leadership
from others.

Pros
• Autocratic leadership enables swift and decisive action in crises

o Moreover, this leadership style provides clear direction and instructions,

minimizing ambiguity

o Cons
o Limited involvement in decision-making in an autocratic leadership style
may leave team members feeling disengaged or undervalued
o Furthermore, the lack of input from others can also impede the generation
of fresh ideas and diverse perspectives
• Visionary Leadership
• Transactional Leadership
• Charismatic Leadership
• Transformational
Leadership
• Autocratic Leadership
• Bureaucratic Leadership
TYPES OF MANAGEMENT • Democratic Leadership
STYLE • Laissez-Faire Leadership
Bureaucratic leaders rely on established rules and procedures to guide their
leadership approach.

Pros
o Bureaucratic leadership focuses on minimizing risks by following
established protocols and guidelines
o They establish clear structures, rules, and processes that promote
efficiency, consistency, and order within the organization
Cons
o These leaders tend to prioritize adherence to established rules and
procedures over adaptability, thus making them inflexible and rigid in their
approach
o Furthermore, they often tightly control tasks and responsibilities, limiting
individual autonomy and decision-making authority
• Visionary Leadership
• Transactional Leadership
• Charismatic Leadership
• Transformational
Leadership
• Autocratic Leadership
• Bureaucratic Leadership
TYPES OF MANAGEMENT • Democratic Leadership
STYLE • Laissez-Faire Leadership
Democratic leaders involve others in the decision-making process and
encourage collaboration.
Pros
o They include team members in decision-making and foster a sense of
ownership and commitment in the team
o Moreover, this leadership approach helps employees feel valued and have a
voice. In essence, this leads to increased iob satisfaction and
motivation
Cons
o A democratic style of leadership can be slower due to discussions and
consensus-building
o Democratic leadership can lead to disagreements, and conflicts among
team members may also arise, thus requiring effective conflict resolution
• Visionary Leadership
• Transactional Leadership
• Charismatic Leadership
• Transformational
Leadership
• Autocratic Leadership
• Bureaucratic Leadership
TYPES OF MANAGEMENT • Democratic Leadership
STYLE • Laissez-Faire Leadership
Laissez-faire leaders provide freedom and autonomy to individuals, allowing
them to make their own decisions.
Pros
o Laissez-faire leaders empower individuals with autonomy, promoting
creativity and initiative
o Additionally, in this type of leadership, employees are encouraged to take
ownership of their work, resulting in increased self-motivation
Cons
o This type of leadership can lack structure and guidance, leaving
employees feeling lost or uncertain
o The freedom and autonomy granted in laissez-faire leadership can also
lead to a lack of accountability and a decrease in overall productivity

• Visionary Leadership
• Transactional Leadership
• Charismatic Leadership
• Transformational
Leadership
• Autocratic Leadership
• Bureaucratic Leadership
TYPES OF MANAGEMENT • Democratic Leadership
STYLE • Laissez-Faire Leadership
THANK YOU
 MEMBERS

LONGCOP JOSE PLATILLA MONTES

ROJAS BONIFACIO QUIDOL MOCORRO