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    Bation & Melendrez

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    Alma Masading Magcolia
    The document discusses the Mansaka indigenous community of the Philippines. It describes that the Mansaka are located in Davao provinces and were originally called the Manlorowa. Their name "Mansaka" means "people of the clearings." The community primarily engages in agriculture, livestock, hunting and gathering. They have a traditional leadership structure headed by a matikadong chieftain. Marriage is usually arranged and involves the exchange of a dowry. The Mansaka have distinct social norms, clothing, and religious practices that involve shamanism and wooden statue offerings. Their culture is also expressed through riddles, poems, myths and folktales.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Bation & Melendrez

    Uploaded by

    Alma Masading Magcolia
    76 views32 pages
    The document discusses the Mansaka indigenous community of the Philippines. It describes that the Mansaka are located in Davao provinces and were originally called the Manlorowa. Their name "Mansaka" means "people of the clearings." The community primarily engages in agriculture, livestock, hunting and gathering. They have a traditional leadership structure headed by a matikadong chieftain. Marriage is usually arranged and involves the exchange of a dowry. The Mansaka have distinct social norms, clothing, and religious practices that involve shamanism and wooden statue offerings. Their culture is also expressed through riddles, poems, myths and folktales.

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    The document discusses the Mansaka indigenous community of the Philippines. It describes that the Mansaka are located in Davao provinces and were originally called the Manlorowa. Their name "Mansaka" means "people of the clearings." The community primarily engages in agriculture, livestock, hunting and gathering. They have a traditional leadership structure headed by a matikadong chieftain. Marriage is usually arranged and involves the exchange of a dowry. The Mansaka have distinct social norms, clothing, and religious practices that involve shamanism and wooden statue offerings. Their culture is also expressed through riddles, poems, myths and folktales.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    76 views32 pages

    Bation & Melendrez

    Uploaded by

    Alma Masading Magcolia
    The document discusses the Mansaka indigenous community of the Philippines. It describes that the Mansaka are located in Davao provinces and were originally called the Manlorowa. Their name "Mansaka" means "people of the clearings." The community primarily engages in agriculture, livestock, hunting and gathering. They have a traditional leadership structure headed by a matikadong chieftain. Marriage is usually arranged and involves the exchange of a dowry. The Mansaka have distinct social norms, clothing, and religious practices that involve shamanism and wooden statue offerings. Their culture is also expressed through riddles, poems, myths and folktales.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 32

    The Mansaka

    Indigenous Community:
    History, Tribe &
    Traditions

    ENVI MGT 104: INDIGENOUS PEOPLE, ISSUES AND


    NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

    Bia Sheena Onlos


    MANSAKA
    The Mansaka is a distinctive
    subgroup of the Mandaya.

    The word “Mansaka” means “people of the


    clearings,” from the word man means first and
    saka, which refers to the farming fields.

    They are primarily located in the


    provinces of Davao del Norte, Davao
    Oriental, and Davao de Oro.
    The Mansaka group of languages is
    often classified under the Manuvu
    linguistic group.
    The Mansaka were first called Manlorowa, meaning
    “people who dwell in the forest” (Limikid 2002)

    MANSAKA
    The Mansaka is a distinctive
    subgroup of the Mandaya.

    The word “Mansaka” means “people of the


    clearings,” from the word man means first and
    saka, which refers to the farming fields.

    They are primarily located in the


    provinces of Davao del Norte, Davao
    Oriental, and Davao de Oro.
    The Mansaka group of languages is
    often classified under the Manuvu
    linguistic group.
    MANSAKA
    The Mansaka is a distinctive
    subgroup of the Mandaya.

    The word “Mansaka” means “people of the


    clearings,” from the word man means first and
    saka, which refers to the farming fields.

    They are primarily located in the


    provinces of Davao del Norte, Davao
    Oriental, and Davao de Oro.
    The Mansaka group of languages is
    often classified under the Manuvu
    linguistic group.
    Racial development of the Mansaka
    From 3000 From 300 13th
    century
    to 500 BC to 200 BC

    present

    Indonesians + Native Malays + Manobo = Chinese + Mandaya-Mansaka =


    developed Mandaya- Mansaka
    women = Manobo Mandaya-Mansaka
    ECONOMY
    Main Economic Activities

    1. Agriculture:
    Agriculture formed the backbone of the Mansaka
    economy. They cultivated crops such as rice, corn,
    root crops like sweet potatoes, and various fruits.
    ECONOMY
    Main Economic Activities

    2. Livestock Rearing:
    They raised livestock like
    chickens, pigs, and carabaos
    for various purposes, including
    food, trade, and cultural rituals.
    ECONOMY
    Main Economic Activities

    3. Hunting and Gathering: Hunting wild


    animals and gathering forest resources,
    such as wild fruits, vegetables, and
    medicinal plants, supplemented their diet
    and provided essential resources.
    ECONOMY
    Main Economic Activities

    The baratik, gahong, and suyak are


    used to catch large animals like deer
    and wild pig. Lagot is used to catch
    monkeys. Once the traps are installed,
    the mandodoot (hunters) proclaim
    dumot, which prohibits people in the
    community from going to the place
    specified by the hunters.
    ECONOMY
    Main Economic Activities
    4. Craftsmanship and Trade:
    The Mansaka people were
    skilled artisans, crafting items
    like woven textiles, baskets,
    pottery, and metalwork. They
    often engaged in trade with
    neighboring tribes, exchanging
    goods and resources.
    POLITICAL SYSTEM (TRIBAL SYSTEM)
    Have unwritten laws based on their traditions, customs, and beliefs
    These laws guide the political leaders in judicial, social, and political
    matters

    Traditional Leadership
    • MATIKADONG
    • the leader of the tribe
    • has a family
    • an AL-LANG or servant a council of
    leaders (MANGKATADONG)
    • He also acts as a tribal warrior (bagani)
    who looks after and protects his people.
    Blessing of the chieftain, 2015 (Ida Nanette Damo)
    POLITICAL SYSTEM (TRIBAL SYSTEM)
    Have unwritten laws based on their traditions, customs, and beliefs
    These laws guide the political leaders in judicial, social, and political
    matters

    • MATADONG (old wise man) - has great


    influence in community (decision
    making)
    • BAGANI – a member of the warrior
    class
    • lead the community with the help and
    advice of the matadong
    – protects the rights and lives of the
    clan
    POLITICAL SYSTEM (TRIBAL SYSTEM)
    Have unwritten laws based on their traditions, customs, and beliefs
    These laws guide the political leaders in judicial, social, and political matters

    • MANIKLAD – a member of
    the warrior class –killed at
    least seven persons but falls
    short of the minimum
    number required to be a
    bagani
    POLITICAL SYSTEM (TRIBAL SYSTEM)
    Have unwritten laws based on their traditions, customs, and beliefs
    These laws guide the political leaders in judicial, social, and political
    matters

    • Mansaka family is patriarchal


    • The community assigns members to manage the
    farm.
    • • Men - tasked in farm-related jobs , fishing and
    hunting
    • • Women - tasked to produce clothing and weave
    mats
    • -help in the farm during planting, weeding and
    harvesting times
    • -cultivate crops as commercial products to sell or
    barter
    Social Order and Cultural Norms

    Planting Season
    • Men - spades to till the soil using the
    TUTUDAKA, a 2.1-meter-long wooden
    pole, on which is attached bai (a species
    of coconut plant)
    • Women - sow the seeds
    • Children - use the wawaris (bamboo
    brooms) to cover the seeds with soil
    Social Order and Cultural Norms

    Harvesting Season

    PYAGSAWITAN – first Families & neighbors


    A ceremony is
    meal from their farm join and witness the
    performed
    produce event

    Tribal dances are


    Guests bring food and performed, coupled Each guest leaves
    wine as their with singing & the with something from
    contribution playing of indigenous the farm produce
    instruments
    Social Order and Cultural Norms

    COURTSHIP AND
    MARRIAGE
    Marriage is arranged by
    the parents of the bride
    and groom Mansaka
    maiden usually marries Daughters of Baganis
    when she reaches 15 command the highest
    The parent of the girl dowry. It is usually from
    sets the amount of 10 to 15 al-langs with
    dowry for their so many agongs and
    daughter. The dowry is patakias to accompany
    in terms of al-langs them.
    (slaves), agongs and
    patakia (a container for
    betel nut chew).
    Social Order and Cultural Norms

    COURTSHIP AND
    MARRIAGE
    The wedding ceremony
    consists of an
    exchange of rice
    between the parties:
    In more recent times,
    the man takes rice in
    they accept the
    his hand and feeds his
    equivalent price of one
    bride and vice versa. It
    al-lang, after the
    is followed by a
    amount of dowry has
    religious rite to ensure
    been agreed upon.
    the happy future of the
    couple. An elder and a
    tribal leader officiate
    the wedding ceremony.
    Social Order and Cultural Norms

    CLOTHING
    WOMEN
    • adorn their bodies with sampad, platena, balyog, and
    bracelets.
    • wear decorative combs of colourful beads and
    beaded hairpins.
    • may have bangs or tie their long hair at the back. A
    portion remains untied near the ears.
    • The blouse of a daughter of the nobility is full of
    design motifs called pyanaigon, byatotoan,
    limbotong, and binawid.
    • Their clothes are made from abaca and saragboy, a
    soft cotton-like cloth from a native shrub.
    CREDITS: This presentation template was created by Slidesgo, and includes
    icons by Flaticon and infographics & images by Freepik

    Detail of a Mansaka textile embroidery (Mario Feir Filipiniana


    Library)
    Social Order and Cultural Norms

    CLOTHING

    MEN

    • Wear short pants or SYRAWTANAN also


    made from abaca and woven by women of the
    tribe.
    RELIGIOUS
    BELIEFS AND
    PRACTICES
    • BALIAN (shaman) - usually female
    medicine person who officiates in
    rituals involving sickness, death,
    planting and harvest.
    • believes in a supreme being whom
    they call Magbabaya or Yumanum
    Mansaka identify themselves as utaw
    or people created by Magbabaya.
    RELIGIOUS
    BELIEFS AND
    PRACTICES • Mansaka manaog or domestic gods
    are represented by wooden statues
    standing on a parangka (pedestal)
    • Manaog have sexes which can be
    discerned on the sculpture and
    ornaments on the statues
    • Offerings are given to the manaog
    after rice planting, harvest, and before
    death
    Mansaka Riddles, Epic Poems, Myths
    and Folktales
    Mansaka Tutukanon (riddles) binabalian or oracion
    Mansaka Riddles, Epic Poems, Myths
    and Folktales
    Pagsumbingay (jokes) employ metaphorical
    expressions to add subtlety to humor.

    • Examples:
    buburong sang kuagut (salve for the cold), used to refer to a newly
    married girl who goes to bed with her husband during cold
    evenings;
    • luwa sang kagang (saliva of the crab), used by Mansaka teenagers
    to refer to a drink when the Visayans are around;
    • and hunungan sang garung (left behind by fast-flying time), used
    to refer to old bachelors.
    The young boy Manggob raised by
    a giant (Illustration by JC Galag)

    The standout Mansaka diawot is the Manggob,


    comprising 15 episodes intertwined with a central
    storyline featuring mystical elements like the magic
    necklace, sword, fighting shadow, and enchanted
    handkerchief. Literary devices like deus ex machina
    are employed; for instance, the trio of gods—
    Macawlang, Mangaway, and Magbuburangin—step in
    to resolve tribal issues. A summary of the Manggob
    diawot is provided in Magaña's work from 1972.
    Manggob battling a typhoon (Illustration by JC Galag)
    Mansaka Music and Folk Songs

    Mansaka kulintang ensemble, 1980 (Felicidad A.


    Prudente Photo Collection)
    Mansaka Music and Folk Songs

    Mansaka kulintang ensemble, 1980 (Felicidad A.


    Prudente Photo Collection)
    Mansaka
    Ritual Dance

    • Other than literature and


    music, dancing is a source of
    pleasure and entertainment
    for the Mansaka.
    • Various hand, arm, feet, and
    knee movements characterize
    Mansaka dances, which are
    expressive of rituals no longer
    performed; in such cases, the
    dance is performed for leisure
    rather than for ceremony.

    Mansaka man performing a traditional dance, 1980 (Felicidad A. Prudente Photo Collection)
    The Mansaka
    Indigenous Community:
    History, Tribe &
    Traditions

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