ARCHITECTURAL GLASS

BASIC CIVIL ENGINEERING PRESENTATION

 ARCHITECTURAL GLASS
• Architectural glass is glass that is used as a building material used for
giving better appearance. It is most typically used as transparent
glazing material in the building envelop including windows in the
external walls. Glass also used for internal partitions and as an
architectural feature. As seen in old churches, monuments and
palaces.
CLASSIFICATION
1.Normal annealed glass
Normal glass is synonymous with flat glass irrespective of the process of
manufacture.
It’s uses are:
Normal glass is used in residences, shopping malls, hotels, restaurants , for
windows, shelves, doors and partitions, Solar Applications, Display cases, Shop
fronts, Greenhouse, Atriums & Railings etc.
 TYPES OF
NORMAL
GLASSES

PATTERNED EXTRA CLEAR CERAMIC

CLEAR GLASS TINTED GLASS WIRED GLASS
GLASS GLASS PRINTED GLASS
CLEAR GLASS

• Clear
• Transparent
• Colour tint usually greenish because it contains impurities like iron
• High energy transmission when exposed to sunlight
• Provides a clear view of objects across it.
APPLICATIONS
• Used in doors , windows , solar applications , shelves etc
• Also used for further processing to other glass types.
CLEAR GLASS
TINTED GLASS

• Normal glass with colour by addition of metal oxides into molten

glass.
• Reduce eye strain due to filtering properties.
• Energy transmission diminishes because of its absorption properties.

APPLICATIONS
Used in doors , windows and partitions.
TINTED GLASS
PATTERNED GLASS

• Also known as figured or rolled glass.

• It is a decorative and translucent glass with figures or patterns on one
face.
• The figures soften the interior lightning.
• Diffuses the light and obstruct the visibility from outside.
• Fragile and less convenient to clean.
APPLICATIONS
Interiors of the buildings , opaque glazing like bathrooms etc
PATTERNED GLASS
WIRED GLASS

• Has wire mesh incorporated during its production.

• Known for its fire protection property.
APPLICATIONS
Used where fire protection is needed like windows, doors and
partitions.
WIRED GLASS
EXTRA CLEAR GLASS

• High value glass

• Free from impurities like iron
• Has light transmission more than 92 percent.
• Free from interference with true colour across it.
APPLICATIONS
Used for a sparkling display of expensive materials
EXTRA CLEAR GLAS
CERAMIC PRINTED GLASS

• Also known as silk screened

• Used for privacy or hiding the background
• Used for enhancing the look of a product for purely aesthetical reason
• Not affected by moisture ,oil , soap ,chemicals
APPLICATIONS
Used for curtain walls, glass doors , shower installations etc
CERAMIC PRINTED GLASS
2. LAMINATED GLASS

• It is composed of two or more layers of glass with one or more layer of a

transparent/ pigmented and specially treated plastic Polyvinyl Butyral [PVB]
sandwiched between the glass layers.
• The glass panes (layers) can either normal glass or tempered glass.
• Laminated glass does not shatter like ordinary glass.
• It absorbs impact, resists penetration, and remains intact even if broken, holding
glass fragments in place and lowering the risk of injury.
• Laminated glass tends to resist impact. In multi-ply configurations, it can even resist
bullets, heavy objects, or small explosions.
• Laminated glass is an excellent barrier to noise. This makes it ideal for airports,
hotels, data processing centers, recording studios, and any building near airports,
highways, or train lines
LAMINATED GLASS
3. TOUGHENED OR TEMPERED GLASS

• Toughened glass is also known as tempered glass. Tempered or

toughened glass is a type of safety glass processed by controlled thermal
or chemical treatments to increase its strength compared with normal
glass.
• It undergoes a process called Tempering
• Tempered or Toughened Glass Tempered glass is an extremely strong
glass which is heat treated to a uniform temperature of approximately
650°C and rapidly cooled to induce compressive stresses of 770 kg/m2 to
1462 kg/m2 on the surfaces
• Tempering puts the outer surfaces into compression and the interior into
tension. Thickness of tempered glass is between 3-12mm.
TOUGHENED GLASS
Properties of tempered glass
• Tempered glass is about four or five times stronger than normal glass of equivalent
thickness
• Tempered glass provides great thermal stability when broken, it shatter into small
granular chunks instead of splintering into jagged shards as ordinary annealed glass does.
The granular chunks are less likely to cause injury.
• It is mainly used for safety and strength.
Manufacturing of tempered glass
Tempered glass can be made from annealed glass via a thermal tempering process. The
glass is placed onto a roller table, taking it through a furnace that heats it well above its
transition temperature of 564 °C (1,047 °F) to around 620 °C (1,148 °F). The glass is then
rapidly cooled with forced air drafts while the inner portion remains free to flow for a
short time.
TOUGHENED GLASS
APPLICATIONS
It is used as safety glazing for entrance way railings, partition of fire knock out
windows.
Tempered glass can be used in balustrades, escalator side panels, handrails,
shower screens, bathtub enclosures, sliding swing doors, squash, shower
cases and partitions
• Also used as curtain walls of high rise buildings, door openings, showroom
and lobby facades, viewing partitions of sports and complexes in resorts and
airports
Most touchscreen mobile devices use some form of toughened glass (such
as Corning's Gorilla Glass),
TOUGHENED GLASS
4. HEAT STRENGTHENED GLASS
• Heat strengthened glass is CO type of tempered glass which strengthened
thermally by inducing a surface compression of 77 to 658 kg/cm2 as
compared to a range of 770 to 1462 kg/cm2 in case of fully tempered glass.
• Heat- strengthened glass provides necessary resistance to thermal stress
associated with high performance glazing materials such as tinted glass and
reflective glass.
APPLICATIONS
Heat Strengthened glass is suitable for spandrel and vision panels of curtain
walls and structural glazing as they safeguards against thermal breakages.
It is used for making laminated glass panels for safety combined with strength.
It is used in complex glass combinations like double-glazing as one of laminated
glass for glass floors and roofs.
HEAT STRENGTHENED GLASS
5. REFLECTIVE GLASS
• Also known as one way mirror.
• The glass show reflection from one side while allowing light to pass through from the
other side .
• The reflective property of this glass is achieved through a thin coating of metal such as
silver on one side of the glass. This coating allow light to pass through from one direction
while reflecting light from the other side
APPLICATIONS
It is commonly used in various applications including
1)Architecture and construction
2) Surveillance and security
3) Television and Film production
4)Smart devices .
REFLECTIVE GLASS
6. INSULATING GLASS
• It is a prefabricated unit made of two or more glass panes, separated
a cavity and edges-hermetically sealed together.
• This edge seal binds the individual sheets of glass together to
maintain the mechanical strength of the joint. It also protects the
cavity between the glasses from outside influences.
• Spacer can be aluminium, composite plastics etc.
APPLICATIONS
• Reduces thermal heat transmission through glass
• Reduces the direct solar energy
INSULATING GLASS
 THANK YOU <3…..

BY GROUP 1 (CSE CC S1)

AARON PAUL BIJU
ADITHI ASOK
FAHAD
HAFEEZ MOHAMED
NADIQ AMAN
RIA MARY ABRAHAM