Collision & Grounding

COLLISION &
GROUNDING
STAR LOFOTEN - BERGEN
DEFINITIONS
• COLLISION - Ship collision is the structural impact between
two ships or one ship and a floating or still object such as an
iceberg. Ship collisions are of particular importance in marine
accidents. Some reasons for the latter are: The loss of human
life
• GROUNDING - Ship grounding or ship stranding is the

impact of a ship on seabed or waterway side. It may be
intentional, as in beaching to land crew or cargo, and creening,
for maintenance repair, scrapping, or inintentional as in
marine accident. In accidental cases, it is commonly refrred to
as running aground.
CONTIGENCY PLAN
COLLISION & GROUNDING
(AS PER D08-10.10.20.15 REV: 05)
• Sound the GENERAL ALARM, and muster the crew to check if anybody is missing or injured.
• Check damage to the vessel and analyze the situation.
• Send necessary urgency/distress messages, such as MAYDAY, PAN-PAN, SECURITE.
• Evaluate the need and possibility of abandoning the vessel.
• Evaluate the need for immediate assistance from salvage vessel without a firm agreement on
pricing. If vessel is not in imminent danger, company or H&M lead to be consulted before lines are
made fast.
• In case of a collision try to establish contact with the other vessel in order to exchange all relevant
information.
• Offer your assistance if possible to the other vessel.
• Collect all facts about the occurrence.
• Check tide times
• Evaluate risk of pollution.
• Sound bilges and tanks.
• Check stability.
• Notify the QI (if applicable) and the Company.
• Notify local authorities.
• Coordinate with Vessel Manager/ DPA for assistance from Insurance and Class.
CONTIGENCY PLAN
GROUNDING / BEACHING
(AS PER D08-10.10.20.16 REV: 04)
GENERAL INSTRUCTION:
1. Sound the GENERAL ALARM, inform the Engine Room.
2. Consider to STOP ENGINES, consider to USE THE ANCHORS.
3. CLOSE WATERTIGHT DOORS.
4. Keep VHF on Channel 16, INFORM ships in the vicinity.
5. Hoist / exhibit proper signals: Vessel grounded.
Day: Three Black Balls ; Night: 2 Red Lights, forelight and sternlight.
6. Switch on the DECK LIGHTING.
7. Take SOUNDINGS of tanks and bilges, watch for leaks.
8. Watch for POLLUTION from OIL, inform as appropriate: Flammable Liquids,
Marine Pollutants, Poison, Corrosives, etc.
9. Inform the COMPANY, AUTHORITIES and (ECM in US Waters).
10. Consider the degree of DANGERS of the situation, use proper type of Radio
Message according to the situation.
11. Make soundings around the vessel and mark on a sketch to find out what part
of the vessel is touching the bottom.
.
CONTIGENCY PLAN
GROUNDING / BEACHING BY OWN WILL
(AS PER D08-10.10.20.16 REV: 04)
BEACHING BY OWN WILL:
1.Try to locate an ideal beaching position: Smooth and firm bottom, gradually decreasing depth,
protection against wave impact and wind, negligible current
2.Before beaching, discharge ballast in order to have capacity to take ballast after the vessel has
been beached
3.Consider to let go the anchors during beaching in order to use them later as an aid in getting off
4.Trim the vessel as necessary to make her hit the bottom evenly
5.Change the sea chest for cooling water to avoid mud in the machinery
6.Request assistance according to recommendations from the Company
7.Inform the Company and local authorities as required.
8.After beaching, take ballast in order to avoid slamming.
9. Consider the use of mooring ropes in order to keep the vessel in position.
10. Make soundings around the vessel and mark on a sketch to find out what part of the vessel is
touching the bottom.
11. Make soundings of all tanks, bilges and holds to check for leakage.
12. Consult the tide tables for rise and fall of the tide
13. Consider if the vessel may become overloaded and what must be done to reduce the weights
in certain sections.
CONTIGENCY PLAN
(AS PER D08-10.10.20.16 REV: 04)
BEACHING BY OWN WILL:

11. TAKE SOUNDINGS around the vessel and mark on a sketch to find out what part of the
vessel is touching the bottom.
12. TAKE SOUNDINGS of all tanks, bilges and holds to check for leakage.
13. CONSULT TIDE TABLES for rise and fall of the tide.
14. Consider if the vessel may become overloaded and what must be done to reduce the weights
in certain sections.
CONTIGENCY PLAN
(AS PER D08-10.10.20.16 REV: 04)
VESSEL SINKING:
1. If the vessel is in the state of sinking / sliding off ground, SEND DISTRESS CALL
and DISTRESS MESSAGE.
2. ACTIVATE RADIO BEACON ( EPIRB )
3. Prepare to ABANDON SHIP ( see Doc. no. D08.10.20.21).
VESSEL RE-FLOATING:
1. Consider necessary assistance, port of refuge.

2. INFORM and CONSULT the Company.
HOW TO AVOID COLLISION AND
GROUNDING
Best Practice to Avoid Grounding:

1. Proper Passage Planning.
2. Vigilant Watchkeeping.
3. Regular Position Fixing.
4. Good Bridge Resource Management.
5. Fatigue Management.
6. Avoiding Complacency.
7. Superintendence.
8. Mentoring.
9. Situational awareness
Best Practice to Avoid Collision:
1. Comply with COLREG.

THANK YOU!
END OF TRAINING

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COLLISION &

• GROUNDING - Ship grounding or ship stranding is the

BEACHING BY OWN WILL:

1. Consider necessary assistance, port of refuge.

Best Practice to Avoid Grounding:

Best Practice to Avoid Collision:

1. Comply with COLREG.

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