Good Morning Class!

Reading activity!
“Paragraph Analysis”
Directions: A. Read and analyze a
paragraph derived from a blog
entitled “Significance Of English In
The Professional World”.
Source: https://gateway-international.in/blogs/significance-
of-english-in-professional-world/
Reading activity!
“Paragraph Analysis”
Directions: B. Identify the
underlined words in the paragraph
as to nouns (N), verbs (V),
adjectives (Adj.), and adverbs (adv.)
 English, we all know that is a leading
international language in every subject such
as diplomacy, science, business, the
internet, etc. English is the only language
that connects people from different
cultures, religions, and boosts your
confidence if you travel to foreign
countries. Therefore, we can say it is crucial
for both professional and personal life.
Learning and speaking English assist
you to acquire top-class and reputed
jobs like posts in the travel and tourism
sector, e-Commerce operations,
international business, etc. With the
growing time, foreign countries are also
increasingly hiring new talented
recruiters for their massive business.
So, the capability of communication in
English is considered a huge asset for
abroad companies because knowing
English is the priority. To interact with
international clients, convince them for
deals, building lasting business
relationships with them, all such things
required a good understanding of the
English language.
What is Noun?
• These are words used to name
the persons, place, or thing.
Functions of Noun
• As a subject:
Examples:
 James kicked the ball.
 The stars shined brightly.
 Some of the students are
coming home tonight.
Functions of Noun
• As a direct object:
Examples:
 James kicked the ball.
 Angela played a guitar.
 The students will take the
midterm examination here.
Try to analyze the given sentences:

• He reads minds.

• Anthony is lonely.

• Dave drove across the bridge.

Functions of Noun
• As an indirect object:
Examples:
 Sophia lent Jackson a pencil.
 Rona sent him a message.
 Professor Santos gave the
students some expensive
projects.
Try to analyze the given sentences:

• Rona sent a message.

• Professor Santos gave some

expensive projects.

• Sophia lent him a pencil.

Functions of Noun
• As an object of preposition:
Examples:
 He left his book on the table.
 Carol cooked her breakfast in
the kitchen.
 Many of the students are here
for some reasons.
Try to analyze the given sentences:
• From the beginning of the term,
Gretchen was certain she would
make good grades.
• She came up on the stage to sing-
along.
• Penelope loves watching Chinese
dramas.
Functions of Noun
• As an adverb:
Examples:
 The students will be leaving
tomorrow.
 Mike drove north.
 He came yesterday.
Functions of Noun
• As an adjective:
Examples:
 The basketball coach gets
angry.
 The love story of Jack and Rose
touched people’s heart.
 The office building for the
Faculty is repaired.
Functions of Noun
• As a possession:
Examples:
 Ashley’s shop became popular.
 His friend’s research proposal
was rejected.
 The students’ reaction papers
were highly graded.
 Quick Drill:
Jessica composed him a song.

“indirect object” “direct object”

 Quick Drill:
Jessica composed him a song.

“indirect object”
 Quick Drill:
Jessica composed him a song.

“subject” “direct object”

 Quick Drill:
Jessica composed him a song.

“subject”
 Quick Drill:
Jessica composed him a song.

“indirect object” “direct object”

 Quick Drill:
Jessica composed him a song.

“direct object”
Quick Drill:
The painting exhibition is
in the building.

“as an adverb” “as an adjective”

Quick Drill:
The painting exhibition is
in the building.

“as an adjective”
Quick Drill:
The painting exhibition is
in the building.

“as an adverb” “as a preposition”

Quick Drill:
The painting exhibition is
in the building.

“as a preposition”
Quick Drill:
I woke up in the morning

“as an adverb” “as a preposition”

Quick Drill:
I woke up in the morning

“as an adverb”
Types of
Nouns
1. Common Noun
 It refers to a
common name of
people or things.
Examples:
• country • days
• bridge • dog
• town • car
• birth • butterfly
• month • flowers
2. Proper Noun
 It refers to a proper
name of a particular
person, thing, or place.
Examples:
• China • Africa
• Saturn • Red sea
• Mr. Lim • Google
• Monday • Titanic
• October • Psychology
3. Concrete Noun
 It refers to a person and
to tangible objects which
can be seen, smelled,
touched, heard, or
tasted.
Examples:
• building • door
• coffee • window
• milk • glass
• gasoline • sun
• machine • moon
4. Abstract Noun
 It can be characteristics,
ideas, or qualities, and
conditions that cannot be
seen or touched for they do
not possess physical actuality.
Examples:
• wisdom • courage
• truth • patience
• beauty • skills
• joy • talents
• happiness • knowledge
5. Collective Noun
 It describes a thing
or group of things
that can be singular
or plural in form.
Examples:

• jury • family
• crown • audience
• team • government
Examples: (Singular)
• The team is painting a mural.

Examples: (Plural)
• The team members are in
disagreement about how to
paint the mural.
Examples: (Singular)
• The family takes a trip to
California once a year.

Examples: (Plural)
• The family members have
differing ideas about the annual
trip.
 COLLECTIVE NOUNS
PEOPLE ANIMALS THINGS

A group of architecture A herd of donkeys A cup of tea

dancers

A choir of singers A colony of gulls A box of cereal

A crowd of people A flock of pigeons A carton of milk

A gang of engineers A brood of hens A can of milk

A band of men A swarm of bees A bowl of rice

6. Count and Mass Noun
 These are nouns that
can be countable and
uncountable.
• Countable Nouns
 also called “Count Nouns”
referring to those nouns that can
be counted. These nouns usually
have article a, an, a number or
the number which are usually
placed before the nouns.
Examples:

• a dog
• an article
• a number of psychology
students
• Uncountable Nouns
 also called “Mass Nouns”
referring to those nouns
that cannot be counted.
They do not usually have
plural forms.
Examples:

• information • logic
• equipment • butter
• understanding • snow
7. Attributive Nouns
 These are nouns that
are used as adjectives in
front of another noun.
Examples:
• office building
• engineering school
• birthday party
• graduation rites
8. Compound Nouns
 These refer to nouns
that contain two or
more words.
Compound nouns consist of
three forms:

1. Open or Spaced. It consists of a

space between the two words.
Examples: machine code, science fiction,
candy bar
Compound nouns consist of
three forms:

2. Hyphenated. It consists of a
hyphen between the two words
Examples: acid-base reaction, clean-cut,
check-in
Compound nouns consist of three
forms:

3. Closed or Solid. There is no space

or hyphen between the two words.

Examples: playground, footprint, flywheel,

fishbowl
9. Possessive Nouns
 These refer to words
that name the person
who owns something or
who has the possession
of something.
Examples:
• Anthony’s bracelet.
• Committee’s decision
• Family’s building
• Student’s choice
 Five (5) Rules in Forming
Possessive Nouns
Rule 1: How to make the singular
nouns possessive?
• Add s to a singular common noun

Example: My daughter’s dream is to

be an electrical engineer.
• Add s to a singular proper noun
Example: Ms. Anna’s classroom is
spacious and decorative.

Note: If the persons’ names end in s,

add an apostrophe +s, or just an
apostrophe.
Examples: Ms. Santos’s building is rare
or Ms. Santos’ building is rare.
Rule 2: How to make plural nouns
possessive?

• If plural nouns end in s, just add

an apostrophe after s.

Example: The chairs’ legs are

destroyed.
• If the plural nouns do not end
in s, just add ‘s.

Examples: Some of the faculty’s

ideas are highly appreciated.
Rule 3: How to make the possession of
two nouns that are joined together?
• In a joint possession, use the
possessive form to the nouns
closest to the words owned.

Example: Mr. Reyes and Mr. Lee’s

project proposals will be presented in
the meeting.
Rule 4: How to make the possession of
two nouns that are joined when the
ownership is Separate?
• In a joint but separate possession of
the same noun, use the correct
possessive form for each word.

Example: Melvin’s and Apple’s books

are reviewed well by us.
Rule 5: How to make the possession of
hyphenated or compound nouns?

• When the compound nouns are

hyphenated or not, use the proper
possessive form to the word
nearest to the noun.
Examples:
• My daughter-in-law’s gift for her
engineer boyfriend is an
expensive watch. (Hyphenated)

• The English teacher’s books are

highly technical. (Compound
noun)
10. Denominal Nouns
 These are nouns generated
from another noun, and
they are commonly formed
by just adding suffixes
(-ion, -ist, -ful)
Examples:
• action
• teaspoonful
• guitarist
• professionalism
11. Verbal Nouns
 These are nouns that are
also called gerunds. They
are derived from verbs.
They are formed by just
adding the suffix – ing.
Examples:
• Drawing and sketching are my
favorite habits.
• My English teacher did not
appreciate my writing of essay.
• Singing and dancing are the my
talents.
Quick Drill:

“Love and Passion”

“Concrete” “Abstract”
Quick Drill:

“Love and Passion”

“Abstract”
Quick Drill:

“a number of bags”

“Count “Mass
Nouns” Nouns”
Quick Drill:

“a number of bags”

“Count
Nouns”
Quick Drill:

“housekeeper”

“Open or “Closed or
Space” Solid”
Quick Drill:

“housekeeper”

“Closed or
Solid”
Quick Drill:
A. The dog’s legs are
broken.

B. The dogs’ legs are

broken.
Quick Drill:
A. The dog’s legs are
broken.

B. The dogs’ legs are

broken.
Quick Drill:
A. The car’s and the motor’s
owners are here to buy paints
and accessories.

B. The car and the motor’s owners

are here to buy paints and
accessories.
Quick Drill:
A. The car’s and the motor’s
owners are here to buy paints
and accessories.

B. The car and the motor’s owners

are here to buy paints and
accessories.
Rules on How to
Pluralize Some
Nouns
1. To pluralize regular nouns,
just add s to the end.

Examples: building - buildings,

machine - machines, plate - plates
2. If singular nouns end in s, -ss,
-sh, -ch, -x, or -z, just add es to the
end to pluralize them.

Examples: bus-buses, tax-taxes,

dish-dishes, blitz-blitzes, watch-
watches
3. If singular nouns end in -s or -z,
double the -s or -z and add –es to
pluralize.

Examples: class-classes, quiz-

quizzes
4. If the nouns end in f or fe, the f
becomes –ve, then add –s to
pluralize.

Examples: shelf-shelves, knife-

knives, half-halves
Exception: roof-roofs, belief-
beliefs, staff-staffs
5. If singular nouns end in y and the
letter before the -y is a consonant,
change the –y to –i and add –es to
ending to pluralize.

Examples: city - cities, dictionary -

dictionaries, electricity – electricities
6. If the singular nouns end in -y
and the letter before the -y is a
vowel, just add an -s to pluralize.

Examples: ray-rays, key-keys,

boy-boys
7. If the singular nouns end in o,
just add es to pluralize.

Examples: tomato-tomatoes,
potato-potatoes, echo-echoes
Exception: photo-photos, halo-
halos, piano-pianos
8. If the singular nouns end in us,
change it to –i to pluralize.

Examples: focus-foci, radius-

radii, alumnus-alumni, syllabus-
syllabi
9. If the singular nouns end in is,
change –is to –es to pluralize.

Examples: analysis - analyses,

basis - bases, ellipsis - ellipses
10. If the singular nouns end in
on, change –on to a to pluralize.

Examples: criterion - criteria,

phenomenon - phenomena
11. Some nouns have no changes
when forming their plural form.

Examples: equipment-equipment
information-information, means-
means, barracks – barracks,
species – species, aircraft-aircraft
12. There are irregular nouns, when
pluralized, just change the vowel
sound of the singular words. These
are commonly called mutated plurals.

Examples: woman-women, man-

men, child-children, foot-feet,
tooth-teeth
Practical Writing Activity!

Directions: Write an essay

about your memorable
experience as an IT student
using the different types of
nouns.