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    Booting

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    Ansh Jain
    The booting process begins when a computer is turned on. The BIOS initializes and performs checks on the computer's components. It then searches boot devices like the hard disk to find the boot record, which contains a program passed to by the BIOS. This program loads the operating system files into RAM from the boot device, including configuration files that load drivers, and then passes control to the operating system. The BIOS also performs an inventory of the system hardware.

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    Booting

    Uploaded by

    Ansh Jain
    21 views6 pages
    The booting process begins when a computer is turned on. The BIOS initializes and performs checks on the computer's components. It then searches boot devices like the hard disk to find the boot record, which contains a program passed to by the BIOS. This program loads the operating system files into RAM from the boot device, including configuration files that load drivers, and then passes control to the operating system. The BIOS also performs an inventory of the system hardware.

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    Booting (1)

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    The booting process begins when a computer is turned on. The BIOS initializes and performs checks on the computer's components. It then searches boot devices like the hard disk to find the boot record, which contains a program passed to by the BIOS. This program loads the operating system files into RAM from the boot device, including configuration files that load drivers, and then passes control to the operating system. The BIOS also performs an inventory of the system hardware.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    21 views6 pages

    Booting

    Uploaded by

    Ansh Jain
    The booting process begins when a computer is turned on. The BIOS initializes and performs checks on the computer's components. It then searches boot devices like the hard disk to find the boot record, which contains a program passed to by the BIOS. This program loads the operating system files into RAM from the boot device, including configuration files that load drivers, and then passes control to the operating system. The BIOS also performs an inventory of the system hardware.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    BOOTING

    Booting
    It is the process of starting or resetting a computer. When the computer is first
    turned on(cold boot) or reset(warm boot),the computer executes the software
    that loads and starts the computer OS and prepares it for use.
    Boot Record
    It refers to the section of disk that contains the operating system. Boot sector is
    the portion of the disk reserved for self starting portion (Bootstrap loader) of an
    operating system.
    Boot strap loader
    It is a program that is automatically run when computer is switched on. It first
    performs few hardware tests then passes control to operating system’s loader
    files to load the OS.
    HOW DOES BOOTING WORK? : START-UP
    SEQUENCE
    • Steps 1. As soon as the computer is turned on, the internal power supply turns on
    and initializes. The basic input-output system (BIOS) on system’s read only
    memory (ROM) chip is “woken-up” and takes charge. BIOS is already loaded
    because it’s built-in to the ROM chip and unlike RAM, ROM contents don't get
    erased when the computer is turned off.
    • Step 2. The BIOS performs the Power-on self test (POST) to make sure all
    computers components are operational. If there are any errors, the boot process
    stops.
    • Step 3. The BIOS looks for video card. In particular it looks for video card’s
    built in BIOS program and runs it.

    • Step 4. The BIOS begins the search for a drive to boot from. Most modern
    BIOSes contain a setting that controls if the system should try to boot from
    floppy disk (A:) or first try the Hard disk(C:). Some BIOSes will even let user
    to boot from CD-ROM drive or other devices, depending on the boot
    sequence BIOS setting. If no boot device at all can be found, the system will
    normally display an error message and then freeze up the system.

    • Step 5. Having identified its target boot drive, the BIOS looks for the boot
    information to start the operating system boot process. If it is searching a hard
    disk, it looks for boot record or master boot record at cylinder 0, head 0, and
    sector 1(the first sector on the disk)
    • Step 6. It then loads the boot record into a specific place in RAM.

    • Step 7. The BIOS displays its startup screen. The boot record contains a program
    that BIOS now branches to, giving the boot record control of the computer.

    • 8. The boot record loads the initial system file (for example, for DOS
    system,IO.SYS) into RAM from the diskette or hard disk. Another special file
    that is loaded is the one that tells which specific applications or commands the
    user wants to have included or performed as part of the boot process.
    • Step 9. One of the first operating system files that is loaded is a system
    configuration file (for DOS,its called CONFIG.SYS). Information in the
    configuration file tells the loading program which specific operating system
    files need to be loaded for specific device such as driver.

    • Step 10. The BIOS performs a “system inventory “of sorts, doing more tests to
    determine what sort of hardware is in the system.

    • Step 11. If the BIOS support the Plug and Play standard, it will detect and
    configure Plug and Play devices at this time and display a message on the
    screen for each one it finds.

    • Step 12. The BIOS will display a summary screen about system’s
    configuration, it flashes on the screen very quickly before scrolling off the top.

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