IGCSE Global Perspective

Team Project
By- Ridhav kothari, Heer kothari and Jaldhi
Pithava
Poverty and Inequality

Question: In light of the fact that poverty

Inequality
Inequality refers to When resources, opportunities, or rewards are unequally distributed or
disparately among people, groups, or populations, it is referred to as inequality. It can take
many different forms, including economic inequality, social inequality, or political inequality,
and it can have a big impact on how easily individuals can get basic requirements and their
general well-being.
Causes
In Yemen, there are several factors that contribute to poverty and inequality, such as ongoing
conflicts, poor governance, high unemployment rates, insufficient access to healthcare and education,
and environmental degradation. Further affecting poverty and inequality is the nation's prevalent
reliance on oil exports, which has led to economic instability and minimal diversification. The COVID-
19 outbreak and the ensuing economic slump have also made things worse for a lot of Yemenis.
11% of the world survives of $1.90 a day. The main cause of this is the way differing social classes
are treated with injustice by the government.

• Healthcare and benefits are issued, although, many regulations are in place averting
groups of individuals from receiving adequate help.
• Some individuals have finite or no access to important resources like education which is a
necessity to get ahead. Not everyone who had received limited education is living in
poverty, however, people living in absolute poverty are illiterate. Some individuals have
finite or no access to important resources like education which is a necessity to get ahead.
Not everyone who had received limited education is living in poverty, however, people
living in absolute poverty are illiterate.
• Education minimal as basic reading skills could eliminate 171 million people from poverty.
Poverty and inequality have had a profound
impact on Yemen, leading to a range of
negative consequences for the country and its
people. Some of these consequences include:
Lack of Access to Basic Services: Due to poverty and inequality, many people lack
access to essential services including clean water, appropriate healthcare, and
education. This has had a terrible effect on people's health and happiness, especially
women's and children’s.

Insecurity: Poverty and inequality in Yemen have contributed to an insecure

Poor education: A lack of resources and widespread poverty have led to a poor
education system, with many children being unable to attend school and receive an
education.
Global Perspective
As relative poverty and absolute poverty is increasing day by day, inequality caused by poverty has also
increasing.
In 2017 purchasing power parity, fewer people were living in absolute poverty than they were thirty years
before. However, the COVID-19 crisis' disruption in 2020 led poverty to increase, breaking the trend. People
living in absolute poverty increased from 70 million people to 700 million people. Global absolute poverty
increased from 8.4% in 2019 to 9.3% in 2019.
Inequality and poverty are ongoing worldwide issues that have an impact on numerous nations and regions. As
of 2021, the World Bank estimates that 9.2% of the world's population, or those who make less than $1.90 per
day, live in extreme poverty. However, there are large regional and global variations in poverty and inequality
levels.
In sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia, where a sizable portion of the population lives in extreme poverty,
poverty is generally most pervasive. In contrast, poverty rates are typically lower in high-income nations,
however particular populations, including migrants and native peoples, may still face high levels of poverty.
The issue of inequality, both inside and between nations, is another serious one. A small percentage of the
populace controls a disproportionate amount of wealth and income in many nations. This may result in social
marginalization, political unrest, and unequal access to fundamental services like healthcare and education.

An integrated strategy that incorporates social protection programmes, economic development, and laws
aimed at eradicating prejudice and fostering greater equity is necessary to eliminate poverty and inequality.
National Perspective
Yemen's economy, physical infrastructure, service delivery, health, and education sectors, as
well as the social fabric, have all suffered greatly as a result of the country's civil war, which
began in 2014. Yemen has also resulted in pressing, significant development concerns. As a
result, millions of people have perished. Many of them are brought on directly by war's
violence, but some also result from its unintentional effects, such as subpar housing and food
shortages.
Yemen's national socioeconomic systems are on the edge of collapse after eight years of
conflict, and families are more vulnerable to infectious disease outbreaks as a result of the war,
mass displacement, and repeated climate shocks. By the end of 2022, 9.2 million children and
more than 17.8 million individuals would not have access to services for safe water, sanitation,
and hygiene. Vaccine-preventable diseases like cholera, measles, diphtheria, and others
continue to spread over the country on a regular basis.
since poverty is increasing in Yemen only rich kids are able to get educated whereas the poor
kids are not able to learn or educate which highly affects the economy of Yemen as most of the
youth of the country is not able to educate.
Local perspective
With increasing capitalism over the past three decades, India is also
known as one of the most unequal nations. While those in extreme
poverty have little access to essential services and those in relative
poverty barely make minimum wage, the privileged are getting richer.
Due to medical debt, this drove 63 million Indians into poverty. Access to
several factors, including money, employment, education, health, and
living conditions, is influenced by both social and economic origins. One-
third of all incomes in India are earned by the wealthiest 10% of the
population. Poverty results from this difference in income. This inequality
could be reduced by altering the way society views women in the
workforce. Despite the fact that 415 million people have been lifted out of
poverty in the past 15 years, the country is still regarded as having the
greatest percentage of poverty. This explains why 593 million children
under the age of 18 and 94 million individuals over the age of 60 are
considered to be poor.
Suggestions
Raising the minimum wage is one strategy for addressing inequality and poverty. Raising the minimum wage
will enhance the income of low-paid workers, allowing them to fulfil their basic requirements and live better
lives. Additionally, by reducing the income difference between lower-paid and higher-paid workers, raising the
minimum wage can lessen wage inequality.
For those are dealing with a financial crisis, subsidies can be a huge help. Subsidies, for instance, can be
utilized to give low-income people and families access to essential needs including housing, healthcare,
education, and food. By ensuring that everyone has access to the same opportunities and resources, this can
help in reducing poverty and inequality.
Government should build more hospitals which will help in decreasing unemployment and also will help in
saving lives of the people which will then further help people to not become a part of absolute poverty. for
example: if there is only a single person earning in one family and if the person dies then there are high
chances that the family can become a part of absolute poverty.
Also government should build more schools or education institutes which will also help in reducing
unemployment and will help in educating children who are the future of the world and as children will be
educated they will be able to get jobs or even high paying jobs which will help to reduce poverty in the future.