Anorexia Nervosa 1

SINA INSTITUTE OF NURSING AND ALLIED
HEALTH SCIENCES (SINAHS) QUETTA
PRESENTATION
 Applied Nutrition
 Assigned By: Sir Rizwan
 Prepared By: 4th Batch (2ND Semester)
 Topic: Anorexia Nervosa
Group Members
 Obaidullah (Leader)
 Sharifullah
 Aftab Saleem
 Muhammad Zubair Hayat
 M Ameer
 Muhammad Yousaf
 Muzamil Hafiz
Objectives:
1. What is anorexia nervosa.

2. What are symptoms of Anorexia nervosa.
3. What are causes of anorexia nervosa.
4. What are diagnosis of anorexia nervosa.
5. What are complications of anorexia nervosa.
6. What are treatment of anorexia nervosa.
7. Summery.
Anorexia nervosa
 The term anorexia means “Loss of appetite”.

 Anorexia nervosa is also called anorexia, is a potentially life threatening eating disorder.
 People with anorexia have excessive weight loss or trouble staying at the right body weight for
their body frame, height and age.
 Anorexia is a serious condition that requires treatment.
 Extreme weight loss in people with anorexia can lead to malnutrition ( the imbalance of dietary
intake), dangerous health problems and even death.
Symptoms of Anorexia nervosa
 Extreme weight loss or not making expected developmental weight gains

 Thin appearance
 Abnormal blood counts
 Fatigue
 Insomnia (It is a sleep disorder in which your have trouble falling & staying asleep.
 Dizziness or fainting
 Bluish discoloration of the fingers
 Hair that thins, breaks or falls out
Cont…
 Soft, downy hair covering the body

 Absence of menstruation
 Constipation and abdominal pain
 Dry or yellowish skin
 Intolerance of cold
 Irregular heart rhythms
 Low blood pressure
 Dehydration (It is a condition in which your body loses more fluid than you take in).
 Swelling of arms or legs
Causes of anorexia nervosa
 Anorexia nervosa causes are considered to be “Psychological, environmental and biological

factors.
 Biological:
Although it's not yet clear which genes are involved, there may be genetic changes that make
some people at higher risk of developing anorexia. Some people may have a genetic tendency
toward perfectionism, sensitivity and perseverance — all traits associated with anorexia.
Cont…
 Psychological:
Some people with anorexia may have obsessive-compulsive personality traits that make it easier
to stick to strict diets and forgo food despite being hungry. They may have an extreme drive for
perfectionism, which causes them to think they're never thin enough. And they may have high levels
of anxiety and engage in restrictive eating to reduce it.
 Environmental:
Modern Western culture emphasizes thinness. Success and worth are often equated with being
thin. Peer pressure may help fuel the desire to be thin, particularly among young girls.
Diagnosis of anorexia nervosa
 Physical exam:
This may include measuring your height and weight; checking your vital signs, such as heart
rate, blood pressure and temperature; checking your skin and nails for problems; listening to your
heart and lungs; and examining your abdomen.
 Lab tests:
These may include a complete blood count (CBC) and more-specialized blood tests to check
electrolytes and protein as well as functioning of your liver, kidney and thyroid. A urinalysis also may
be done.
Cont…
 Psychological evaluation:
A doctor or mental health professional will likely ask about your thoughts, feelings and eating
habits. You may also be asked to complete psychological self-assessment questionnaires.
 Other studies:
X-rays may be taken to check your bone density, check for stress fractures or broken bones, or
check for pneumonia or heart problems. Electrocardiograms may be done to look for heart
irregularities
Complications of anorexia nervosa
 Anemia (it is a condition in which the body does not have enough red blood cells (RBCs)
 Heart problems, such as mitral valve prolapse, abnormal heart rhythms or heart failure
 Bone loss (osteoporosis), increasing the risk of fractures
 Loss of muscle
 In females, absence of a period
 In males, decreased testosterone
 Gastrointestinal problems, such as constipation, bloating or nausea
 Electrolyte abnormalities, such as low blood potassium, sodium and chloride
 Kidney problem
Treatment of anorexia nervosa
 The treatment of anorexia nervosa typically involves a multidisciplinary approach that may
include medical, psychological, and nutritional interventions. The goals of treatment are to
address the physical health complications associated with anorexia, normalize eating behaviors,
promote weight restoration, and address the underlying psychological factors contributing to the
disorder. Here are some common components of treatment:
1. Medical stabilization:
This may involve addressing any medical complications caused by severe malnutrition and
restoring the individual's physical health.
Cont...
2. Nutritional therapy:
A registered dietitian or nutritionist can work with the person to develop a meal plan that supports
healthy weight gain and addresses any nutrient deficiencies.
3. Psychotherapy:
Different types of therapy, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), can help address the
distorted thoughts, emotions, and behaviors associated with anorexia nervosa. Family-based therapy
(FBT) may be used for adolescents, involving parents in reestablishing normal eating patterns.
Cont...
4. Medication:
In some cases, medication may be prescribed to address co-occurring mental health conditions
such as depression or anxiety.
5. Support groups:
Participating in support groups or individual therapy can provide individuals with a safe space to
connect with others who have experienced similar challenges and learn coping strategies
Summary
1. Anorexia Nervosa.
2. Symptoms (Thin appearance, fatigue, insomnia, dizziness, dehydration, constipation, abdominal
pain etc).
3. Causes (Biological, Psychological, and environmental factors).
4. Diagnoses (Physical examination, Lab tests, psychological evaluation and other studies).
5. Complications (Anemia, Heart problems, bone loss, GIT problems, kidney problems).
6. Treatment (Medical stabilization, Nutritional therapy, Psychotherapy, Medications).

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SINA INSTITUTE OF NURSING AND ALLIED

HEALTH SCIENCES (SINAHS) QUETTA

1. What is anorexia nervosa.

 The term anorexia means “Loss of appetite”.

 Extreme weight loss or not making expected developmental weight gains

 Soft, downy hair covering the body

 Anorexia nervosa causes are considered to be “Psychological, environmental and biological

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