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    Orientation, Angular Displacement, Angular Velocity, and Angular Acceleration

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    PRATHU SINGH
    1) Orientation, angular displacement, angular velocity, and angular acceleration supplement linear concepts of position, displacement, velocity, and acceleration to fully describe motion of rigid bodies that can both translate and rotate. 2) Orientation describes how a body is rotated relative to a neutral position, while angular displacement is the change in orientation between two times. 3) Angular velocity is the rate of change of orientation over time, and angular acceleration is the rate of change of angular velocity over time. Both are vector quantities that indicate the axis of rotation.

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    Orientation, Angular Displacement, Angular Velocity, and Angular Acceleration

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    PRATHU SINGH
    32 views10 pages
    1) Orientation, angular displacement, angular velocity, and angular acceleration supplement linear concepts of position, displacement, velocity, and acceleration to fully describe motion of rigid bodies that can both translate and rotate. 2) Orientation describes how a body is rotated relative to a neutral position, while angular displacement is the change in orientation between two times. 3) Angular velocity is the rate of change of orientation over time, and angular acceleration is the rate of change of angular velocity over time. Both are vector quantities that indicate the axis of rotation.

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    1) Orientation, angular displacement, angular velocity, and angular acceleration supplement linear concepts of position, displacement, velocity, and acceleration to fully describe motion of rigid bodies that can both translate and rotate. 2) Orientation describes how a body is rotated relative to a neutral position, while angular displacement is the change in orientation between two times. 3) Angular velocity is the rate of change of orientation over time, and angular acceleration is the rate of change of angular velocity over time. Both are vector quantities that indicate the axis of rotation.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    32 views10 pages

    Orientation, Angular Displacement, Angular Velocity, and Angular Acceleration

    Uploaded by

    PRATHU SINGH
    1) Orientation, angular displacement, angular velocity, and angular acceleration supplement linear concepts of position, displacement, velocity, and acceleration to fully describe motion of rigid bodies that can both translate and rotate. 2) Orientation describes how a body is rotated relative to a neutral position, while angular displacement is the change in orientation between two times. 3) Angular velocity is the rate of change of orientation over time, and angular acceleration is the rate of change of angular velocity over time. Both are vector quantities that indicate the axis of rotation.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    Orientation, Angular Displacement,

    Angular Velocity, and Angular Acceleration

    Dr. Jacob Moore


    Associate Professor of Engineering
    Penn State Mont Alto

    mechanicsmap.psu.edu
    Position, Displacement, Velocity and
    Acceleration
    • In engineering mechanics, the concepts of orientation, angular
    displacement, angular velocity, and angular acceleration
    supplement the concepts of position, displacement, velocity, and
    acceleration to fully describe the motion of rigid, extended bodies.
    • These are necessary, because rigid bodies can both translate and
    rotate during motion.

    𝑡1 𝑡2

    2
    Orientation
    • The concept of orientation
    describes how a body is
    currently rotated relative to a
    y
    set neutral orientation.
    • By describing the position of a x θ
    point on a rigid body (usually
    the center of mass) along with y

    the current orientation, we x


    can fully define the current
    location of a body

    3
    Orientation in 3D
    • In two-dimensional motion, a
    single angle is enough to define
    the orientation, however when
    we move to three-dimensional
    motion, we will find we need to
    define three angles to fully
    define the orientation of an
    object. Image by Jrvz CC-BY-SA 3.0
    • This corresponds to the relative
    rotation about each of the three
    axes.
    4
    Angular Displacement
    • The angular displacement of a
    body is simply the change
    orientation of a body between two
    points in time.
    • In 2-D we can treat this as more or ∆θ
    less a scalar value (the change in
    angle), but in 3-D this will need to
    be represented as a vector quantity,
    indicating the change in angle and
    the axis of rotation.
    5
    Angular Velocity
    • Next is angular velocity, which is the change in
    orientation over the change in time, or more
    accurately the rate of change of orientation over
    the rate of change in time at any given instant.

    • Over any finite period of time, the average angular


    velocity will be the change in orientation (or
    angular displacement), over the change in time.

    6
    Angular Velocity
    • Just as with regular
    velocity, angular velocity
    is a vector quantity,
    meaning it has a
    magnitude and direction.
    • The angular velocity
    vector will lie along the
    axis of rotation, using the
    right hand rule to
    determine the direction.
    7
    Image by Piercetheorganist CC-BY-SA 3.0
    Angular Acceleration
    • Finally, we have the angular acceleration, which
    is the rate of chance of the angular velocity
    over the rate of change of time.

    • Since angular velocity itself is the rate of change


    in orientation over the rate of change in time,
    the angular acceleration is also the double
    derivative of the change in orientation over the
    change in time.
    8
    Angular Acceleration
    • Just as with angular
    displacement and with angular
    velocity, acceleration is a vector
    quantity, meaning that is has a
    magnitude and direction.
    • Again, the angular acceleration
    vector will lie along the axis of
    rotation, with the right hand
    rule being used to determine
    the direction.
    9
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