Inference and Deduction KS1 Workshop

e n ce an d
In f e r
t io n K S 1
D e d u c
By the end of the session
 Understand what inference and deduction
are.
 Know why inference and deduction are

important skills.
 Know how to help your children develop

their inference and deduction skills as they
progress through the school.
Inference: is an interpretation that goes
beyond the literal information given.
Deduction: is an understanding based on

the evidence given in the text.
e.g. the police find a body with a knife

sticking out of it. They can deduce that
the person has probably been murdered.
They could infer that someone didn’t like
that person.
We want our children to
become Reading Detectives
LOOKING
FOR CLUES
FINDING THE
EVIDENCE
 Thinking about the clues and evidence
what can you work out about the
character from the pictures?
Illustrations
 Picture books are suitable for children of all
ages and can really help to develop inference and
deduction skills.
 Encourage your child to answer questions about

illustrations.
The illustrations in the Oxford Reading Tree

books are a good discussion tool.
What is this
person doing?
1
Why? Why does this
man look cross?
What do you
think he is
saying?
Does this
person like
sweeping the
snow? What
makes you
think that?
Using text to infer and
deduce
In order to be able to infer and deduce from
a text children need to be able to decode
confidently, fluently and not robotically. The
text should not be too hard for them
otherwise they will focus all their energies on
trying to decode and get a literal meaning and
will miss the subtle clues given.
Questioning
Asking questions about the text your child is reading

encourages them to think more deeply about it.
Eventually they begin to ask themselves questions

about what they have read.
There are some example questions at the back of your

child’s Reading Journal. You can find examples on the
website.
Example questions
•What words make you think that? Why?
•How do you feel about………? Why?
•Can you explain why………….?
•At the end of the story the main character is feeling ……. Does
this surprise you?
•What does this tell you about what ……….was thinking?
•Do you think this is true/untrue? Why do you think this?
•What do you think the ………. is thinking? If it were you what
would you be thinking?
•Predict what you think is going to happen next. Why do you
think this?
•From what you have read, can you tell me what you feel about….?
•Who would you like to meet most in the story? Why?
•What is your opinion? What did you like/dislike about the story?
Can you find pages in the book to show me?
Modelling
Does your child know what a ‘good reader’ sounds like?
As teachers we always model an activity before asking the children
to carry it out. Children need to experience good models to know
what is expected of them, reading is no different. Children need to
hear and see what a good reader sounds like.
Adults both at school and home need to share quality story books
with children. They should model the use of fluency, expression and
demonstrate their thought processes i.e. Oh, I wonder what will
happen next? I wonder how that characters feeling? I didn’t like
that part of the story because… I didn’t think that was going to
happen etc.
Good readers…
• Are reactive and responsive to the text
• Are not speed readers nor read word…for…word
• Predict what will happen – connect reading to what they already
know
• Form a mental image while they read
• “Self question” while they read
• Check their understanding and make sure it is clear through re-
reading when they are confused
• Summarise, interpret and think about what they are reading
• Enthusiastic about reading and do not find reading a chore
Good readers
LOVE reading!
Remember….
As adults we infer and deduce naturally and
automatically as we read. Children need to be
taught to infer and deduce, we cannot assume
they will just be able to do it.
It is through good questioning, discussion and

modelling that young children will begin to
develop these skills ready for KS2.
Any Questions?

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e n ce an d

 Know why inference and deduction are

 Know how to help your children develop

Deduction: is an understanding based on

e.g. the police find a body with a knife

 Encourage your child to answer questions about

The illustrations in the Oxford Reading Tree

Asking questions about the text your child is reading

Eventually they begin to ask themselves questions

There are some example questions at the back of your

It is through good questioning, discussion and

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