GURU NANAK INSTITUTE OF HOTEL

MANAGEMENT

CA3 ASSIGNMENT
TOPIC: TYPES OF RESEARCH

NAME– SANGITA JOARDAR

First of all I heartily thank my research and methodology teacher Mr. Sudipta Kumar Pal
for his incomparable efforts, support and constant cooperation indeed towards me in the
completion of this assignment. He has also been the vital source of encouragement for me
through the working of this assignment.
Finally I’m also grateful to my parents, and even friends who devoted their auspicious time
for helping me in completion of this assignment. Thank you.
INTRODUCTION
Research is defined as careful consideration of study regarding a particular concern or problem
using scientific methods. According to the American sociologist Earl Robert Babbie, “research is
a systematic inquiry to describe, explain, predict, and control the observed phenomenon. It
involves inductive and deductive methods.”
The Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English lays down the meaning of research as
“a careful investigation or inquiry specially through search for new facts in any branch of
knowledge.”
“Research is the manipulation of things, concepts or symbols for the purpose of generalizing to
extend, correct or verify knowledge, whether that knowledge aids in construction of theory or in the
practice of an art”, by Encyclopedia of Social Sciences.
Research is conducted with a purpose to:
Identify potential and new customers
Understand existing customers
Set pragmatic goals
Develop productive market strategies
Address business challenges
Put together a business expansion plan
Identify new business opportunities
TYPES OF RESEARCH
APPLICATIONS OF RESEARCH
There cannot be a single way to define the applications of research, but it should be understood that
every research is done because there is some application. The research is done with an aim and the aim
has a significance. On the basis of the application, the research can be classified into two types of
research: pure research and applied research.
Research based on applications
Pure Research:
Pure research is analytical in nature.
It aims at theorising concepts and not solving specific problems.
 It is primarily concerned with the expansion of knowledge and not with the applicability of the
research outcomes.
Applied Research:
It clearly highlights generalizations and hypotheses that inform the research findings.
It relies on empirical evidence.
It is set at providing solutions to a defined problem.
 It requires accurate observation and description.
OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH
A research objective addresses the purpose of the investigation and types of knowledge to be generated
out of one’s investigation. On the basis of objectives, the are four types of research: descriptive
research, correlational research, exploratory research, explanatory research.
Research based on objectives
Descriptive Research:
 Descriptive research answers the “what” questions in statistical form.
 Random variables are used in descriptive research.
 Random variables are used in descriptive research.
Correlational research:
Correlational research is non-experimental. It means you don’t need to manipulate any of the variables
through a scientific methodology.
Correlational research also uses previous data and observes the actions and events of the past.
 In correlational research, the pattern between the variables is never stable, rather it constantly
changes.
Exploratory research:
Exploratory research is inexpensive, highly interactive and open-ended in nature.
There is usually no prior relevant information available from past researchers.
 It has no predefined structure.
 There must a few theories which can verify your outcome.
 Researchers cannot form a conclusion based on exploratory research.
 The research problem must be important and valuable
 Exploratory research mostly deals with qualitative data.
Explanatory research:
 It allows for increased understanding of a specific topic. Although it does not offer conclusive results,
the researcher can find why a phenomenon occurs.
 It uses secondary research as a source of information, such as literature or published articles that are
carefully chosen to have a broad and balanced understanding of the topic.
 It allows the researcher to have a broad understanding of the topic and refine subsequent research
questions to augment the study’s conclusions.
 Explanatory research allows them to replicate studies to give them greater depth and gain new
insights into the phenomenon.
TYPES OF INFORMATION SOUGHT
Research based on information sought
Qualitative research:
 Qualitative research usually done in the field.
 This research use primary data and the researcher got the data from documentation of in-depth
interviews.
 A researcher is a person who performs qualitative research.
 In qualitative research, like the researcher, the role of a participant is also very important.
 Qualitative research is flexible.
Quantitative research:
Structured tools such as surveys, polls, or questionnaires are used to gather quantitative data.
Quantitative research is conducted on a significant sample size that represents the target market.
Closed-ended questions are created per the objective of the research.
Various factors related to the research topic are studied before collecting feedback from respondents.
Usually, quantitative data is represented by tables, charts, graphs, or any other non-numerical form.
SOURCE OF DATA
Primary research:
It means first-hand information collected by an investigator.
It is collected for the first time.
It is original and more reliable.
 For example, the population census conducted by the government of India after every ten years is
primary data.
Secondary Research:
Secondary data refers to second-hand information.
It is not originally collected and rather obtained from already published or unpublished sources.
 For example, the address of a person taken from the telephone directory or the phone number of a
company taken from Just Dial are secondary data.
CONCLUSION
Developments in all the fields are made by the researchers and their studies are helpful to society in
general. An understanding of the research methods is important to verify and validate the research in
different fields.
Through using any of the types of Research Methodology, a researcher can systematically design the
study to get reliable results. Also, Research Methodology should justify that the selected type of
research methodology is the fittest for the best outcome. A sound research methodology results in
scientifically sound effects, but flawed research methodology fails to do so. So, the Researcher should
invest in the sound and reliable type of research methodology to apply in Research to get an accurate
result.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
For completion of this project I had taken help from the followings –
Websites – www.google.co.in
https://www.educba.com/types-of-research-methodology/
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.questionpro.com/blog/what-is-research/
Referance – Class room notes, some other reference books.