EAPP Module 8 Lesson 2

Lesson 2: Summarizing
Findings and Executing

The Report Through Survey
Jomar A. Palada
Summary
A component of summary of the findings is to provide a discussion for each
of the findings, using anchor verbiage that justifies rather than distorts the
intent of the findings. Findings are important or relevant based on the aim
and scope of your study.
A summary is a composite of the key ideas of a piece of writing, restated in

your own words – i.e., paraphrased. You may write a summary as a stand-
alone assignment or as part of a longer paper. Whenever you summarize, you
must be careful not to copy the exact wording of the original source.
Summary
Summarizing teaches students how to distinguish the most important ideas in
a text, how to ignore irrelative information, and how to incorporate the
central ideas in a meaningful way. Teaching students to summarize
improves their memory for what is read.
Due to clarity demand, summary of findings must contain each specific

question under the statement of the problem and must be written first to be
followed by the findings that would answer it.
Summary
The findings should be textual generalizations, that is, a summary of the
important data consisting of text and numbers.
Summary of findings should be a short statement such as the main purpose of

the study, the population or respondents, period of the study, method of
research used, research instrument and sampling design Findings should be
written in textual generalization, that is, a summary of the important data
consisting of text and
numbers.
How to Write a Summary
Skim the text, noting in your mind the subheadings. If
there are no subheadings, try to divide the text into
01 sections. Consider why you have been assigned the text.
Try to determine what type of text you are reading with.
This can help you identify important information.
02 Read the text, highlighting important information and

taking notes.
How to Write a Summary
03 In your own words, write down the main points of each
section.
04 Write down the key support points for the main topic, but
do not include minor detail.
05 Go through the process again, making changes as

appropriate.
Sam ple Survey
R eport 1 Global Implications of Patent Law Variation
https://depts.washington.edu/owwwwrc
A patent is an exclusive right to use an invention for a certain period of This first sentence is a general
time which is given to an inventor as compensation for disclosure of an definition. It may be safe to
invention. assume that your audience is
already familiar patents: thus, you
do not have include it in summary.
Although it would be beneficial for the world economy to have uniform It gives the specific details about
patent laws, each country has its own laws designed to protect domestic the topic.
inventions and safeguard technology.
Despite widespread variation patent laws generally fall under one to two
principles; the first-to-file and the first-to-invent. This classification of two principles
is important.
The first to file principle awards a patent to the person or institution that applies Ignore specific details about the
Sam ple
for a patent first, while the first to invent principle grants the patent to the person
or institution that was first to invent and can prove it. epor
different principles. The terms are
self-explanatory.
Survey R
Most countries have adopted the first-to-file system. However, the United States
maintains a first-to-invent system, despite obvious shortcomings. A result of
countries employing different patent law principles is inconsistency of patent
t
It is important to point out that most of
the world follows system, the United
ownership. Include a description of the problem surrounding variation in patent States as well.
laws.
Patent ownership is not recognized globally. On the contrary, ownership may problem, but not all details.
change depending on the contrary. It is not uncommon for an invention to have
two patent owners – one in the United States and one in the rest of the world.
This unclear ownership often has economic consequences.
If a company is interested in using a patented Invention, it may be unable to

receive permission from both patent owners, which in turn may prevent
manufacture of a particular product. Even if permission is received from both
owners, pay royalties to both may be quite costly. In this case, if the invention is
useful enough, a company may proceed and pass on the added cost to
consumers.
Sam ple
International economic tension has also been increasing as a result of differing
policies. Many foreign individuals and companies believe that they are at a epor
Describe this other problem
associated with different patent
Survey R t
serious disadvantage in the United States with regard to patent ownership principles.
because of the logistical difficulties in establishing first- to- invent status.
Further, failure of the United States to recognize patent ownership in other Provide some explanation, but not all
countries is in violation of the Paris Conventions on Industrial Properties, the details.
which requires all member nations to treat all patent equally. The conflict
surrounding patent has prompted the World Intellectual Properties
Organization (WIPO) to lobby for universality in patent which requires all
member nations to treat all patent equally.
The conflict surrounding patent has prompted the World Intellectual Properties Describe the action taken to solve
Organization (WIPO) to lobby for universality in patent Laws. WIPO the problem.
maintains that the first necessary step involves compelling the United States to
reexamine its patent principle, taking into account the reality of a global
economy. This push may indeed result in more global economic cooperation.
Writing the Summary
When writing the summary there are three main requirements:
01 The summary should cover the original as a whole.
02 The material should be presented in a neutral fashion.
The summary should be condensed version of the material,

03 presented in your words.
- also do not include anything that does not appear in the
original. (Do not include your own comments or evaluation.)
- be sure to identify your source
Sam ple
Survey 1
Sample Summary:
In his paper “Global Implications of Patent Law Variation,” Koji Suzuki (1991) states that
lack of consistency in the world’s patent law is a serious problem. In most of the world, patent
ownership is given to the inventor that is first to file for a patent. However, the United States
maintains a first-to-invent policy. In view of this, patent ownership can change depending on the
country. Multiple patent ownership can result in economic problems; however, most striking is the
international tension it Causes. That fact that United States does not recognize patent ownership in
other countries, in violation of the Paris Convention on Industrial Properties, has prompted the World
Intellectual Properties Organization (WIPO) to push the United States to review its existing patent
law principles.
Activity !
Reading with Action
Write a Summary of Findings using the following steps:

I. Objective (Value Communicated)
Objective, accurate and honest presentation of facts and results
II. Basic Content (Facts and Information)
a. May consist of eyewitness accounts of first – hand information.
b. May contain facts, data, figures or statistics on or from people, Events,
phenomena, structures, experiments, questionnaires, interviews and library
research.
c. May include materials and procedures or methods.
Problem Solution
A. Mental Health Identify public health

a. anxiety approaches to promote good
b. depression mental health
B. Stress
a.
b.
Write a Summary of Findings using the following

steps.
(5 sentences only) Write your answer in a 1 whole
sheet of paper.
Thanks
for
listening!

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Lesson 2: Summarizing

Findings and Executing

A summary is a composite of the key ideas of a piece of writing, restated in

Due to clarity demand, summary of findings must contain each specific

Summary of findings should be a short statement such as the main purpose of

02 Read the text, highlighting important information and

05 Go through the process again, making changes as

If a company is interested in using a patented Invention, it may be unable to

01 The summary should cover the original as a whole.

02 The material should be presented in a neutral fashion.

The summary should be condensed version of the material,

Write a Summary of Findings using the following steps:

A. Mental Health Identify public health

Write a Summary of Findings using the following

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