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    HHG4M - Lifespan Development Textbook Lesson 1

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    Lubomira Suchecki
    The document discusses the foundations of life-span development including developmental processes and periods, developmental issues, and research methods and challenges. It covers topics like biological, cognitive and socio-emotional processes, conceptions of age, nature vs nurture, continuity vs discontinuity, and research methods like descriptive, correlation and experimental research.

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    HHG4M - Lifespan Development Textbook Lesson 1

    Uploaded by

    Lubomira Suchecki
    288 views24 pages
    The document discusses the foundations of life-span development including developmental processes and periods, developmental issues, and research methods and challenges. It covers topics like biological, cognitive and socio-emotional processes, conceptions of age, nature vs nurture, continuity vs discontinuity, and research methods like descriptive, correlation and experimental research.

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    HHG4M - Lifespan Development Textbook Lesson 1 Summary Slide Deck

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    The document discusses the foundations of life-span development including developmental processes and periods, developmental issues, and research methods and challenges. It covers topics like biological, cognitive and socio-emotional processes, conceptions of age, nature vs nurture, continuity vs discontinuity, and research methods like descriptive, correlation and experimental research.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    288 views24 pages

    HHG4M - Lifespan Development Textbook Lesson 1

    Uploaded by

    Lubomira Suchecki
    The document discusses the foundations of life-span development including developmental processes and periods, developmental issues, and research methods and challenges. It covers topics like biological, cognitive and socio-emotional processes, conceptions of age, nature vs nurture, continuity vs discontinuity, and research methods like descriptive, correlation and experimental research.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 24

    Chapter 1

    Foundations of Life-Span
    Development

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.


    Foundations of
    Life-Span Development

    Developmental
    Developmental Research Methods
    Processes
    Issues and Challenges
    and Periods

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.


    Developmental Processes
    and Periods

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.


    Developmental Processes

    Cognitive Processes

    Biological Socio-emotional
    Processes Processes

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.


    Developmental Processes
    • Biological Processes – changes in an
    individual’s physical nature.
    • Cognitive Processes – changes in an
    individual’s thought, intelligence, and
    language.
    • Socio-emotional Processes – changes
    in the individual’s relationships with other
    people, emotions, and personality.

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.


    Periods of Development
    • Prenatal Period –
    conception to birth
    • Infancy – birth to 18
    or 24 months
    • Early Childhood –
    end of infancy to
    about 5 or 6 years
    • Middle and Late
    Childhood – about 6
    to 11 years

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.


    Periods of Development
    • Adolescence – 10 to 12 years to 18 to 22
    years
    • Early Adulthood – late teens or early
    twenties, lasting through the thirties
    • Middle Adulthood – approximately 40 to
    60 years
    • Late Adulthood – sixties or seventies
    until death
    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.
    Conceptions of Age
    • Chronological Age – number of years
    lapsed since birth
    • Biological Age – individual’s age in terms
    of biological health
    • Mental Age – individual’s ability to solve
    problems on a standardized instrument
    compared with others of the same
    chronological age
    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.
    Conceptions of Age
    • Psychological Age – individual’s adaptive
    capacities compared with those of other
    individuals of the same chronological age
    • Social Age – social roles and
    expectations related to a person’s age

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.


    Developmental Issues

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.


    Nature and Nurture
    Is development
    primarily influenced
    by either
    • Biological inheritance,
    or nature?
    • Environmental
    influences and
    experiences, or
    nurture?

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.


    Continuity and Discontinuity
    Does development involve either
    • A gradual, cumulative change, or
    continuity?
    • Distinct stages, or discontinuity?

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.


    Stability and Change
    • Do we become older renditions of our
    early experiences, or
    • Do we develop into someone different
    from who we are at an earlier point in
    development?

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.


    Evaluating the Developmental
    Issues
    • Most life-span developmentalists
    recognize that extreme positions on these
    issues is unwise.

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.


    Research Methods and
    Challenges

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.


    Research Methods
    Research has both
    • Quantitative components – a collection of
    data in a numerical form
    • Qualitative components – a collection of
    data that provides descriptive and
    inferential information

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.


    Research Methods
    Scientific method of
    research:
    1. Conceptualize a
    process or problem
    to be studied.
    2. Collect research
    information.
    3. Analyze data.
    4. Draw conclusions.
    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.
    Types of Research

    • Descriptive Research
    • Correlation Research
    • Experimental
    Research

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.


    Descriptive Research

    Goal is to observe and record behaviour


    through
    • Observation
    • Surveys and interviews
    • Standardized tests
    • Case studies
    • Life-history records

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.


    Correlation Research
    Goal is to describe the
    strength of the
    relationship between
    two or more events or
    characteristics.

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.


    Experimental Research
    An experiment is a
    carefully regulated
    procedure in which one
    or more of the factors
    believed to influence
    the behaviour being
    studied are
    manipulated, while
    other factors are
    constant.

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.


    Time Span of Research
    • Cross-sectional approach – individuals
    of different ages are compared at one
    time.
    • Longitudinal approach – same
    individuals are studied over a period of
    time, usually several years or more.

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.


    Combination Approaches
    • Sequential approach – combined cross-
    sectional, longitudinal design.
    • Cohort effects – are due to a person’s time
    of birth or generation but not the actual
    age.
    • Cohort – a group of people who were born
    at a similar point in history and share
    similar experiences as a result.
    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.
    Research Challenges
    • Ethical research
    • Minimizing bias
    • Ethnicity and culture

    ©2005 McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd.

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