Breast Feeding and Weaning

Breast Feeding
Dr-mohamed sheikh
Out lines:-
1. Def
2. Types.
3. Objectives of BF.
4. Properties of Breast Milk
5. Benefits of Breastfeeding
6. Harmful Effects of Formula Milk
7. indication and contraindication of BF.
Def
Objective of BF
 Toincrease awareness about breast
feeding.
 Toeducate about the benefits of

breast feeding.
 Toeducate about the harms associated
with formula feeding.
 Toadvocate for breast feeding and

empower parents to make an informed
choice.
Differences between milks
Human milk Animal milks Infant formula
correct amount, easy too much, difficult to
Protein partly corrected
to digest digest
enough essential fatty lacks essential fatty
Fat no lipase
acids, lipase to digest acids, no lipase
Water enough extra needed may need extra
Anti-infective
present absent absent
properties
Control of milk production
properties of breast milk
1- Biologic properties :-
 Omega-3 Fatty Acids
 Important for brain and retinal development.
 Higher IQs.
2- Immunologic properties
 First immunization.
 Protection against pathogens & allergens.
 Kills pathogenic organisms .
 Stimulates epithelial maturation for future

defence.
 Protection against common respiratory and
intestinal diseases.
 Colostrums = Baby’s first vaccination.
 Lessrisk of illness such as:

pneumonia, intestinal illnesses, ear
infections, childhood cancers,
diabetes, arthritis, allergies, asthma
and eczema .
Component of BF
 Over 200 components in human milk.
 Composition of breast milk:

- Live cells, fat, carbohydrates, proteins,
vitamins, minerals.
- Less fat than most other mammals.
- More lactose than other mammals.
Benefits of breast feeding
1- Ecological benefits :
- Saves resources.
- Less waste.
- No refrigeration.
- No manufacturing.
- No bottles.
- No handling
2- For Society:
-Healthier.
-Less cost to healthcare system.
-Stronger families.
3- To Families :
- Less visits to doctors, hospitals.
- Less prescriptions.
- Less stress.
- Less illness.
- More bonding.
- Inexpensive.
4- Benefits to baby:
- Better health & less risk of illnesses
- Increased visual acuity.
- Decreased duration of illnesses.
- Less allergies.
- Better dental health.
6- Benefits to mother:
-Psychological (Attachment, bonding, security, skin

to skin, relationship).
-Easier weight loss.
-Decreased risk of (breast, ovarian cancer

osteoporosis).
-Birth control and empowerment.

Harmful Effects Of
Formula Milk
Reasons for mother to choose
formula
Distressed by physical discomfort of early
breastfeeding problems.
Pressures of employment.
Worries that breast shape will change.

 Family demands.
 Non-supportive family.
 Lack of confidence in self.
 Feeling that one cannot produce

enough milk.
Barriers to Bonding
 A Bottle places a physical barrier between
mom and baby.
 Less skin to skin contact.
 Less eye to eye contact.
 The hormonal connection between the breast

feeding mother and baby cannot be
experienced by the bottle feeding mother.
Recommendations of BF
 Exclusive breast feeding until 6 months of
age.
 Introduce complimentary foods with
continued breastfeeding.
 Optimum to breastfeed for 2 years or

longer.
Conclusion
* Breast-feeding is not a choice,

but an obligation to the choice,
* Give your child the freedom of

choice.
weaning
 Definition:
- Introduction of semisolid and solid foods besides breast milk
or formula.
- The term complementary feeding is preferred to weaning.
 Values
1. Increase energy, vitamin and mineral density of the diet to
match infant needs that can not be fulfilled by breast milk alone.
2. Train the gastrointestinal tract and train the baby to use cup
and spoon.
3. Increase social interaction with careers
4. Encourage tongue and jaw movements in preparation for
speech.
Weaning program
 Rules:
-Meat , fish, poultry or eggs should be eaten as often as possible.
- Supplement with vitamins A , D , C.
-Supplement with minerals: iron , zinc and calcium
 How to start:
- Cereals , pureed rice given first
- Vegetables soups and fruits next
- Followed by stained meats, fish
- Finally egg yolk
- Whole cow milk should not be given below I year while milk
products as cheese and yogurt may be used from 6 months
onwards.
 Avoid:
- Canned foods
- Salt and spices
-Use of whole cow milk below 1year
- Use of skimmed milk below 2 years
- Excess sugary drinks
-Chocking foods( e.g. nuts, grapes, raw
carrots)
- Allergenic foods e.g. Egg white
THANKS
ANY QUESTION

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Breast Feeding

 Toeducate about the benefits of

 Toadvocate for breast feeding and

Water enough extra needed may need extra

 Omega-3 Fatty Acids

 Important for brain and retinal development.

 Kills pathogenic organisms .

 Stimulates epithelial maturation for future

 Lessrisk of illness such as:

 Over 200 components in human milk.

 Composition of breast milk:

-Less cost to healthcare system.

-Psychological (Attachment, bonding, security, skin

-Easier weight loss.

-Decreased risk of (breast, ovarian cancer

-Birth control and empowerment.

Worries that breast shape will change.

 Lack of confidence in self.

 Feeling that one cannot produce

 Less skin to skin contact.

 Less eye to eye contact.

 The hormonal connection between the breast

 Optimum to breastfeed for 2 years or

* Breast-feeding is not a choice,

* Give your child the freedom of

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