Os 5

Lesson Summary
During this lesson the following topics were covered:

• Virtual layer
• Virtualization software
• Resource pool
• Virtual resources
Module: Virtual Layer

Virtualized Data Center
Transforming a Classic Data Center Virtualized Data Center (VDC)
(CDC) into a Virtualized Data Center
(VDC) requires virtualizing the core
elements of the data center. Virtualize Network
Virtualize Storage
Virtualize Compute
Classic Data Center (CDC)
Using a phased approach to a

virtualized infrastructure enables
smoother transition to virtualize
core elements.
Virtualized Data Center – Compute 2

Module 3: Virtualized Data Center – Compute
Lesson 1: Compute Virtualization Overview

Topics covered in this lesson:
• Drivers for compute virtualization
• Types of hypervisor
• Benefits of compute virtualization

Compute Virtualization
Compute Virtualization
It is a technique of masking or abstracting the physical compute

hardware and enabling multiple operating systems (OSs) to run
concurrently on a single or clustered physical machine(s).
• Enables creation of multiple virtual

machines (VMs), each running an OS
and application
 VM is a logical entity that looks and
behaves like physical machine
Virtualization Layer
• Virtualization layer resides between
hardware and VMs x86 Architecture
 Also known as hypervisor

• VMs are provided with standardized
CPU NIC Card Memory Hard Disk
hardware resources

Need for Compute Virtualization
Hypervisor
x86 Architecture
x86 Architecture
CPU NIC Card Memory Hard Disk NIC Card Memory Hard Disk
CPU
Before Virtualization After Virtualization

• Runs single operating system (OS) per machine • Runs multiple operating systems (OSs) per
at a time machine concurrently
• Couples s/w and h/w tightly • Makes OS and applications h/w independent
• May create conflicts when multiple applications • Isolates VM from each other, hence no conflict
run on the same machine • Improves resource utilization
• Underutilizes resources • Offers flexible infrastructure at low cost
• Is inflexible and expensive

Hypervisor
Hypervisor
It is a software that allows multiple operating systems (OSs) to run

concurrently on a physical machine and to interact directly with the
physical hardware.
• Has two components

 Kernel
 Virtual Machine Monitor
(VMM)
VMM VMM VMM
Hypervisor (Kernel and VMM)

x86 Architecture

Types of Hypervisor
APP
Hypervisor
Hypervisor
x86 Architecture Operating System

x86 Architecture

Type 1: Bare-Metal Hypervisor Type 2: Hosted Hypervisor
Type 1: Bare-Metal Hypervisor Type 2: Hosted Hypervisor

• It is an operating system (OS) • It installs and runs as an application
• It installs and runs on x86 bare-metal • It relies on operating system (OS) running on
hardware physical machine for device support and
• It requires certified hardware physical resource management

Benefits of Compute Virtualization
• Server consolidation
• Isolation
• Encapsulation
• Hardware independence
• Reduced cost

Module 3: Virtualized Data Center – Compute
Lesson 3: Virtual Machine

Topics covered in this lesson:
• Virtual machine (VM) files
• File systems that manage Virtual machine files
• Virtual machine hardware
• Virtual machine console

Virtual Machine
• From a user’s perspective, a
logical compute system
 Runs an operating system (OS) and
application like a physical machine
 Contains virtual components such
as CPU, RAM, disk, and NIC
• From a hypervisor’s perspective Hypervisor
 Virtual machine (VM) is a discrete x86 Architecture
set of files such as configuration

file, virtual disk files, virtual BIOS
file, VM swap file, and log file CPU NIC Card Memory Hard Disk

Virtual Machine Files
File name Description

Virtual BIOS • Stores the state of the virtual machine’s (VM’s) BIOS
File
Virtual Swap • Is a VM’s paging file which backs up the VM RAM contents
File • The file exists only when VM is running
• Stores the contents of the VM’s disk drive

Virtual Disk File • Appears like a physical disk drive to VM
• VM can have multiple disk drives
• Keeps a log of VM activity

Log File
• Is useful for troubleshooting
• Stores the configuration information chosen during VM creation

Virtual
• Includes information such as number of CPUs, memory, number
Configuration
and type of network adaptors, and disk types
File

Virtual Machine Hardware
Parallel Serial/Com USB controller

port ports and USB devices
IDE controllers Floppy controller

and floppy drives
Graphic card Virtual Machine Mouse
RAM Keyboard
VM chipset with one Network adapters

or more CPUs SCSI controllers (NIC and HBA)

Virtual Machine Console
• Provides mouse, keyboard, and screen functionality
• Sends power changes (on/off) to the virtual machine (VM)
• Allows access to BIOS of the VM
• Typically used for virtual hardware configuration and troubleshooting issues


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Lesson Summary

During this lesson the following topics were covered:

Module: Virtual Layer

Classic Data Center (CDC)

Using a phased approach to a

Virtualized Data Center – Compute 2

Lesson 1: Compute Virtualization Overview

Virtualized Data Center – Compute 3

It is a technique of masking or abstracting the physical compute

• Enables creation of multiple virtual

 Also known as hypervisor

Virtualized Data Center – Compute 4

Before Virtualization After Virtualization

Virtualized Data Center – Compute 5

It is a software that allows multiple operating systems (OSs) to run

• Has two components

Hypervisor (Kernel and VMM)

CPU NIC Card Memory Hard Disk

Virtualized Data Center – Compute 6

x86 Architecture Operating System

CPU NIC Card Memory Hard Disk

Type 1: Bare-Metal Hypervisor Type 2: Hosted Hypervisor

Type 1: Bare-Metal Hypervisor Type 2: Hosted Hypervisor

Virtualized Data Center – Compute 7

Virtualized Data Center – Compute 8

Lesson 3: Virtual Machine

Virtualized Data Center – Compute 9

 Virtual machine (VM) is a discrete x86 Architecture

set of files such as configuration

Virtualized Data Center – Compute 10

File name Description

• Stores the contents of the VM’s disk drive

• Keeps a log of VM activity

• Stores the configuration information chosen during VM creation

Virtualized Data Center – Compute 11

Parallel Serial/Com USB controller

IDE controllers Floppy controller

Graphic card Virtual Machine Mouse

VM chipset with one Network adapters

Virtualized Data Center – Compute 12

Virtualized Data Center – Compute 13

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