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    Water?

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    Lei Yamin Chit
    Water is made of hydrogen and oxygen atoms bonded together to form H2O molecules. It exists in solid, liquid, and gas forms and has unique properties due to its polarity. Water molecules are polar, with slightly positive hydrogen atoms and slightly negative oxygen atoms, allowing them to bond together through hydrogen bonding. This gives water high surface tension, ability to dissolve many substances, and properties like cohesion and adhesion that allow it to move through narrow spaces and cling to other materials. Water also has a high heat capacity and freezing point, making it stable at Earth's temperatures.

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    Water?

    Uploaded by

    Lei Yamin Chit
    43 views20 pages
    Water is made of hydrogen and oxygen atoms bonded together to form H2O molecules. It exists in solid, liquid, and gas forms and has unique properties due to its polarity. Water molecules are polar, with slightly positive hydrogen atoms and slightly negative oxygen atoms, allowing them to bond together through hydrogen bonding. This gives water high surface tension, ability to dissolve many substances, and properties like cohesion and adhesion that allow it to move through narrow spaces and cling to other materials. Water also has a high heat capacity and freezing point, making it stable at Earth's temperatures.

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    Water is made of hydrogen and oxygen atoms bonded together to form H2O molecules. It exists in solid, liquid, and gas forms and has unique properties due to its polarity. Water molecules are polar, with slightly positive hydrogen atoms and slightly negative oxygen atoms, allowing them to bond together through hydrogen bonding. This gives water high surface tension, ability to dissolve many substances, and properties like cohesion and adhesion that allow it to move through narrow spaces and cling to other materials. Water also has a high heat capacity and freezing point, making it stable at Earth's temperatures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    43 views20 pages

    Water?

    Uploaded by

    Lei Yamin Chit
    Water is made of hydrogen and oxygen atoms bonded together to form H2O molecules. It exists in solid, liquid, and gas forms and has unique properties due to its polarity. Water molecules are polar, with slightly positive hydrogen atoms and slightly negative oxygen atoms, allowing them to bond together through hydrogen bonding. This gives water high surface tension, ability to dissolve many substances, and properties like cohesion and adhesion that allow it to move through narrow spaces and cling to other materials. Water also has a high heat capacity and freezing point, making it stable at Earth's temperatures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    Water💧

    Present by-

    Lei Yamin Chit & Myint Mo Htet


    What is WATER?
    • Water also known as H2O is a molecule.

    • Water is made of non-metals.

    • Inorganic Compound – derived from non-living things

    • Most abundant compound on Earth

    • Found in nearly every living things


    About “WATER”
    Water is a chemical compound consisting of two
    hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom. 

    The bond that


    forms water is a
    covalent bond.
    FIVE MAJOR PROPERTIES OF WATER

    Water has three phases:


    Solid(ice),Liquid(water),Gas(water vapour)
    1. Water is liquid at room temperature, boiling point
    is high at 100° C; low molecular weight molecules are
    usually gaseous.
    Water resists temperature change (insulator) .

    2. Water has a high freezing point and ice is less


    dense than water. (Thus, ice floats in water.)
     3. Water is the universal solvent for polar and ionic
    molecules (means it dissolves things).
    • Hydrophilic: means “water-loving”, molecules that interact
    with water, soluble in water.
    • Hydrophobic: means “water-fearing”, insoluble in water
    • Polar: Means it has a slightly positive (+) end and a
    slightly negative (-) end.

     4. Water has high surface tension


    • water is more attracted to itself than to the air
    around it Sticks together (+ and – attract.)
    5.Water is sticky:
    • • Hydrogen bonds keep water together (polar areas attract)
    • Slightly negative (-) Oxygen end is attracted to the slightly positive
    (+) Hydrogen ends.

    •Cohesion: attraction of water to other water molecules.


    • Adhesion: attraction of water to other types of molecules.
    • Capillary Action: Can adhere creep up tubes. Ability of a substance
    to draw another substance into it.
    Examples: - The meniscus in a graduated cylinder.
    Water up a tree.
    WATER Is Polar Compound

    • Electrical charge is
    unevenly distributed

    • Chemical Formula = H2O


    Polar Molecule

    • Molecule that has electrically charged areas.

    • Also called a polar substance or polar compound.

    • Non-polar substances DO NOT HAVE charged ends.

    • Water is polar because oxygen and hydrogen have


    different electronegativity values.
    Polar Molecule

    • The positive hydrogen ends of 1 molecule are attracted to


    the negative end of the oxygen of another molecule.

    POLAR MOLECULE THE PROPERTIES OF:

    Cohesion, adhesion, specific heat, universal solvent,


    capillary action, surface tension

    ALL HAPPEN BECAUSE WATER IS A POLAR SUBSTANCE!


    Electrical Charge Of Water

    Hydrogen = positive charge

    Oxygen = negative charge


    Hydrogen Bonding

    • Hydrogen of one water molecule is attracted to


    the oxygen of another water molecule.
    • Partial charges cause water molecules to “stick”
    together.
    •This bonding gives water some of it’s unique
    properties.
    Cohesion
    • Because water is a polar molecule, it is attracted to
    itself.

    •Cohesion is the attractive force between water


    molecules.

    • In chemistry, cohesion is a measure of how well molecules stick


    to each other or group together.

    •It is caused by the cohesive attractive force between like


    molecules.
    Adhesion
    • Because water is a polar molecule, it is
    attracted to other substances.

    •Adhesion occurs when molecules of


    water are attracted to other substances.

    (Both Cohesion and Adhesion cause


    surface tension and capillary action)
    Surface Tension
    • Water has a high surface tension.
    • Because water is a polar molecule;
    it easily attracts other water
    molecules.
    • This attraction causes the surface
    layer of water molecules to act as a
    stretched film over the surface of the
    water.
    • This property is known as surface
    tension.
    Capillary Action

    Capillary action is the process of liquid flowing in narrow


    space without the assistance of ,or even in opposition, any
    external forces like gravity.
    Capillary action is important for moving water around.
    Universal Solvent

    • Water is the universal solvent because more substance


    dissolve in water than in any chemical .
    •This has to do with the polarity of each water molecules. •
    The hydrogen side of each water (H2O)molecules carries a
    slight positive electric charge, while the oxygen side carries
    a slight negative electric charge.
    High Heat Capacity

    •High heat capacity Water has the highest heat capacity of all
    liquid Oceans cool shower than the land due to the high heat
    capacity of water.

    •To change the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree


    Celsius, it takes 1.00 calories.
    Mixture, solutions and suspensions
    • A mixture is a combination of substance where both substances
    keep their original properties.
    • Types of mixture They can be divided into two types
    Homogeneous and Heterogeneous.
    • Solution-one or more substance are distributed evenly in another
    substance (solvent).
    • All solutions are examples of Homogeneous mixture.
    •Suspension is a Heterogeneous mixture of two or more
    substances.
    • Substances that don't dissolve but separate into tiny pieces.
    PH Scale
    • PH scale Water is the basic necessity for all living
    organisms
    • Completely pure water has a pH level of 7.
    • The usual pH range of surface water system is 6.5 to 8.5
    whereas the pH range of ground water system is 6 to
    8.5.pH and Drinking water.
    • The U.S Environmental Protection Agency
    (EPA)recommends a pH between 6.5 and 8.5 for drinking
    water.
    • Since metals dissolve readily in acidic water,dissolved metal
    may be present in drinking water with a low pH level.
    • pH and groundwater- Groundwater flows through rocks and soil that can
    affect the water's pH level. For example, contact with sandstone results in a
    nearly neutral pH between 6.5 and 7.5.
    • Limestone,on the other hand can result in a alkaline pH of 8.5.pH and
    streams and lakes.
    • The pH level in a lake or stream is crucial for the survival of the fish and
    aquatic plants.
    • Freshwater lakes and streams typically have pH levels between 6.0 and 8.5 .
    • Deeper lakes usually have a higher pH near the surface.
    • Accurate pH testing helps keep drinking water and groundwater safe and
    helps protect aquatic plants and animals.
    Myint Mo Htet

    &

    Lei Yamin Chit

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