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    Classification of Organisms

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    Manula Muthunayake
    The document discusses the classification of organisms, including the three domain system introduced by Carl Woose. It focuses on the Animal Kingdom, dividing animals into invertebrates and vertebrates. Two invertebrate phyla are described in more detail: Cnidaria/Coelenterata and Annelida. Cnidarians are described as diploblastic aquatic organisms like hydra and jellyfish that reproduce sexually and asexually. Annelids are triploblastic segmented worms with a coelom, examples given include earthworms and leeches.

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    Classification of Organisms

    Uploaded by

    Manula Muthunayake
    44 views17 pages
    The document discusses the classification of organisms, including the three domain system introduced by Carl Woose. It focuses on the Animal Kingdom, dividing animals into invertebrates and vertebrates. Two invertebrate phyla are described in more detail: Cnidaria/Coelenterata and Annelida. Cnidarians are described as diploblastic aquatic organisms like hydra and jellyfish that reproduce sexually and asexually. Annelids are triploblastic segmented worms with a coelom, examples given include earthworms and leeches.

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    The document discusses the classification of organisms, including the three domain system introduced by Carl Woose. It focuses on the Animal Kingdom, dividing animals into invertebrates and vertebrates. Two invertebrate phyla are described in more detail: Cnidaria/Coelenterata and Annelida. Cnidarians are described as diploblastic aquatic organisms like hydra and jellyfish that reproduce sexually and asexually. Annelids are triploblastic segmented worms with a coelom, examples given include earthworms and leeches.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    44 views17 pages

    Classification of Organisms

    Uploaded by

    Manula Muthunayake
    The document discusses the classification of organisms, including the three domain system introduced by Carl Woose. It focuses on the Animal Kingdom, dividing animals into invertebrates and vertebrates. Two invertebrate phyla are described in more detail: Cnidaria/Coelenterata and Annelida. Cnidarians are described as diploblastic aquatic organisms like hydra and jellyfish that reproduce sexually and asexually. Annelids are triploblastic segmented worms with a coelom, examples given include earthworms and leeches.

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    The world of life

    What is the classification of organisms?


    • Grouping of different
    organisms into different levels
    based on there common
    characteristics is known as
    classification.
    • Methods of classification of organisms

    1) Artificial classification- The ordering of organisms


    into groups on the basis of non-evolutionary features

    2) Natural classification- The ordering of organisms


    into groups on the basis of their evolutionary
    relationships.
    (morphological, physiological and cytological features)

    As knowledge of shared characteristics and relationships


    has grown, artificial systems have been superseded by
    systems of natural classification.
    Three domain classification

    • Introduced by Carl Woose in 1990

    1) Domain 2) Domain 3) Domain


    Achaea Bacteria Eukarya
    • Domain Eukarya
    Organisms with a eukaryotic cellular
    organization belong to this domain and there
    are 4 kingdoms in this domain

    1) Kingdom Protista 2) Kingdom Fungi

    3) Kingdom Plantae 4) Kingdom Animalia


    Kingdom Animalia
    • It is the kingdom where multicellular organisms
    reign. There are over 1, 260, 000 species in this
    kingdom. ALL organisms are heterotrophic
    Animals in the kingdom Animalia can be
    divided into 2 main groups

    1. Invertebrates 2. Vertebrates

    vertebral column
    Invertebrates

    • Organisms without a vertebral column are


    known as invertebrates.
    • Invertebrates can be divided into 5 main
    phyla
    1. Cnidarian / Coelenterata
    2. Annelida
    3. Mollusca
    4. Arthropods
    5. Echinodermata
    Cnidarian / Coelenterata
    Diploblastic organisms like,
    1) Hydra
    2) Sea anemone
    3) Jelly fish
    4) Siphonophore
    Characterization of Cnidarians

    ● Members of the clade Eumetazoa (true tissues)


    ● ALL are aquatic and mostly marine.
    ● Simple diploblastic body.
    ● No brain, rather a nerve net.
    ● Sexual and Asexual reproduction.
    Gastro vascular cavity (coelenteron)
    • A sack with a central digestive compartment
    • A single opening to this cavity serves as the digestive
    tract
    There are two forms of Cnidarians

    1) Polyp - attach to a surface 2) Medusa -


    move freely
    Cnidocyst
    • Unique cells that function in defence and
    capture of prey contain Cnidae, capsule like
    organelles that are capable of averting and that
    give the phylum its name
    Radial
    symmetry
    Annelida
    Annelida being an Invertebrate and also belonging to
    Kingdom Animalia like the Cnidarians.

    Also the first organisms to have a body cavity called


    coelom,
    This so called coelom being situated inside the body
    to protect its
    digestive track tract including other organs.
    Examples for annelida.

    Earthworm Leech

    Nereis
    • External appearance of an Annelid
    • Features of Annelids.
    1. Habitats like Damp soil, Marine and Fresh water
    2. Unlike the cnidarians annelids have three germinal layers
    making them Triploblastic. Also possess a slender like body
    shape
    3. Body is divide into segments both internally and externally,
    because this feature there are also known as segmented
    worms.
    4. Body being bilaterally symmetrical.
    5. As mentioned above the coelom or the body cavity being
    filled with a fluid it provides an independent movement to
    gut wall irrespective to the body movements.
    6. These annelids show both sexual and asexual reproduction.

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