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    14 Rna Transcription

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    This document discusses RNA, transcription, and translation. It describes the three main types of RNA - mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA. The process of transcription is explained, where DNA is unzipped and mRNA is produced using complementary base pairing. Translation is then covered, the process by which the mRNA code is read to produce a polypeptide chain using tRNAs that bring amino acids to the ribosome.

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    14 Rna Transcription

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    This document discusses RNA, transcription, and translation. It describes the three main types of RNA - mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA. The process of transcription is explained, where DNA is unzipped and mRNA is produced using complementary base pairing. Translation is then covered, the process by which the mRNA code is read to produce a polypeptide chain using tRNAs that bring amino acids to the ribosome.

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    This document discusses RNA, transcription, and translation. It describes the three main types of RNA - mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA. The process of transcription is explained, where DNA is unzipped and mRNA is produced using complementary base pairing. Translation is then covered, the process by which the mRNA code is read to produce a polypeptide chain using tRNAs that bring amino acids to the ribosome.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    27 views10 pages

    14 Rna Transcription

    Uploaded by

    first name last name
    This document discusses RNA, transcription, and translation. It describes the three main types of RNA - mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA. The process of transcription is explained, where DNA is unzipped and mRNA is produced using complementary base pairing. Translation is then covered, the process by which the mRNA code is read to produce a polypeptide chain using tRNAs that bring amino acids to the ribosome.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 10

    RNA/ TRANSCRIPTION /

    TRANSLATION
    RNA
     RNA: ribonucleic acid
     Carries out protein synthesis
     Differences from DNA:
     different sugar (ribose)
    ribose
     single strand
     different base
     no thymine
     URACIL instead
    3 Types of RNA:
    • Messenger RNA:
    (mRNA) carries nucleotide
    sequence from nucleus to
    ribosome
    • Transfer RNA: (tRNA)
    picks up amino acid in
    cytoplasm and carries
    them to ribosome
    • Ribosomal RNA:
    (rRNA)found in ribosome,
    joins mRNA and tRNA;
    forms protein
    Process of Transcription
    • Transcription- process that makes mRNA from DNA
    1. DNA unzips into 2 separate strands
    A. DNA Helicase is the enzyme that breaks H-bond
    2. Free floating RNA NITROGEN BASES in the nucleus
    pair up w/unzipped DNA NITROGEN BASES:
    A. Cytosine(C) pairs with Guanine(G)
    * (G) with (C)
    B. Uracil(U) pairs with Adenine(A)
    * (A) with (U)
    C. Thymine (T) pairs with Adenine (A)
    ***remember (T) is only with DNA
    3. After all the pairing is
    done:
    • a single strand of RNA
    has been produced.
    4. Genetic code from DNA
    is transferred to mRNA
    5. The code obtained from
    DNA lets the mRNA know
    which amino acids to pick
    up:
    • code is a set of 3
    nitrogen bases = Codon
    Transcription
    Adenine (DNA and RNA)
    Cystosine (DNA and RNA)
    Guanine(DNA and RNA)
    Thymine (DNA only)
    Uracil (RNA only)

    RNA
    polymerase

    DNA
    RNA
    Translation
    • Conversion of RNA into amino
    acid sequence that makes a
    protein
    • The mRNA leaves the nucleus and
    enters the cytoplasm
    • Ribosomes attach to mRNA
    • tRNA (carrying anti-codon) picks
    up the correct amino acids and
    carries them to the mRNA strand
    forming the protein
    Ex:
    – tRNA carries GAU (anti-codon)&
    looks for CUA on mRNA
    Translation
    Nucleus

    Lysine mRNA
    Phenylalanine
    tRNA
    Methionine

    Ribosome

    mRNA Start codon


     Translation (continued)

    Growing polypeptide
    chain

    Ribosome
    tRNA

    Lysine
    tRNA

    mRNA

    mRNA
    Ribosome
    Translation direction

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