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    MG 5 GMF Peg

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    Rohmat Romadlon
    The document discusses the theories of geosyncline and plate tectonics in the formation of mountains. It explains that the geosyncline theory from the 19th century proposed that mountains formed from the accumulation and compression of sediment in subsiding troughs. The plate tectonics theory developed in the mid-20th century posits that mountains result from the interactions of tectonic plates such as collision, subduction, and rifting. The document also lists the different landforms associated with fold mountains, fault-block mountains, volcanic mountains, plateau mountains, and karst landscapes.

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    MG 5 GMF Peg

    Uploaded by

    Rohmat Romadlon
    22 views23 pages
    The document discusses the theories of geosyncline and plate tectonics in the formation of mountains. It explains that the geosyncline theory from the 19th century proposed that mountains formed from the accumulation and compression of sediment in subsiding troughs. The plate tectonics theory developed in the mid-20th century posits that mountains result from the interactions of tectonic plates such as collision, subduction, and rifting. The document also lists the different landforms associated with fold mountains, fault-block mountains, volcanic mountains, plateau mountains, and karst landscapes.

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    Mg 5 GMF Peg

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    The document discusses the theories of geosyncline and plate tectonics in the formation of mountains. It explains that the geosyncline theory from the 19th century proposed that mountains formed from the accumulation and compression of sediment in subsiding troughs. The plate tectonics theory developed in the mid-20th century posits that mountains result from the interactions of tectonic plates such as collision, subduction, and rifting. The document also lists the different landforms associated with fold mountains, fault-block mountains, volcanic mountains, plateau mountains, and karst landscapes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    22 views23 pages

    MG 5 GMF Peg

    Uploaded by

    Rohmat Romadlon
    The document discusses the theories of geosyncline and plate tectonics in the formation of mountains. It explains that the geosyncline theory from the 19th century proposed that mountains formed from the accumulation and compression of sediment in subsiding troughs. The plate tectonics theory developed in the mid-20th century posits that mountains result from the interactions of tectonic plates such as collision, subduction, and rifting. The document also lists the different landforms associated with fold mountains, fault-block mountains, volcanic mountains, plateau mountains, and karst landscapes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 23

    GEOMORFOLOGI DAN GEOLOGI FOTO

    GL3222

    5.
    5. PEGUNUNGAN
    PEGUNUNGAN
    OROGENESA: PEMBENTUKAN PEGUNUNGAN

    TEORI GEOSINKLIN: ALPEN DAN APALACHIA (<1950)

    TEORI TEKTONIK LEMPENG (>1970)


    Dana
    and
    Hall,
    1873

    Geosyncline
    (From Wikipedia), the free encyclopedia
    A geosyncline is a largely obsolete term for a subsiding linear trough that was caused by
    the accumulation of sedimentary rock strata deposited in a basin and subsequently
    compressed, deformed, and uplifted into a mountain range, with attendant volcanism and
    plutonism. The filling of a geosyncline with tons of sediment is accompanied in the late
    stages of deposition by folding, crumpling, and faulting of the deposits. Intrusion of
    crystalline igneous rock and regional uplift along the axis of the trough generally complete
    the history of a particular geosyncline. It is then transformed into a belt of folded
    mountains. Thick volcanic sequences, together with graywackes (sandstones rich in rock
    fragments with a muddy matrix), cherts, and various sediments reflecting deepwater
    deposition or processes, are deposited in eugeosynclines, the outer deepwater segment
    of geosynclines.
    Menuju Teori Tektonik Lempeng:
    Taylor (1910); dan Alfred Wegener (1912-an): Continental Drift Theory

    Vening-Meinesz: ekspedisi kapal selam di lepas pantai barat


    Sumatra  eksplorasi pendugaan gravity (1923-1930) 
    Teori asal tentang adanya arus konveksi di dalam mantel Bumi

    Harry Hess (1962): Arus Konveksi di Mantel Bumi bagian atas

    Penelitian-penelitian batimetri lautan: Mid-Oceanic Ridge,


    pembalikan magnetik di samudra Atlantik, temuan-temuan geologis
    di kedua sisi benua Amerika dan Afrika pada pantai yang saling
    berhadapan
    Pinatubo Kanaga

    St. Helen

    Krakatau Merapi
    Quiz lagi…..
    Gambarlah Peta Dunia!
    Cantumkan:
    1. Pegunungan Rocky
    2. Pegunungan Pirenia
    3. Pegunungan Atlas
    4. Pegunungan Andes
    5. Pegunungan Alpen
    6. Pegunungan Kaukasus
    7. Pegunungan Himalaya
    8. Pegunungan Jayawijaya
    9. Pegunungan Bukit Barisan
    10. Pegunungan Ural
    11. Pegunungan Apalachia
    12. Plateau Tibet
    13. Plateau Dekan (Deccan Trap)
    14. Sungai Mekong
    15. Sungai Nil
    16. Sungai Amazon
    17. Sungai Colorado
    18. Gurun Gobi
    19. Gurun Sahara
    20. Gurun Australia
    LIPATAN

    BLOK/TERSESARKAN
    PEGUNUNGAN
    GUNUNG API

    PLATEAU  KARS
    I. BENTANG ALAM PEGUNUNGAN LIPATAN

    Bentuk muka bumi:


    1.Punggungan Sinklin
    2.Punggungan Antiklin
    3.Punggungan Kuesta (kemiringan
    dipslope/bidang lapisan batuan 10o – 15o)
    4.Punggungan Homoklin (15 o – 45 o)
    5.Punggungan Hogback (>= 45 o)
    6.Lembah Sinklin
    7.Lembah Antiklin
    8.Lembah Homoklin
    9.Kubah Antiklin
    10.Kubah Intrusi Garam
    11.Dataran Denudasional Struktur Sesar
    Catatan:
    Punggungan L:P=1:3; Kubah L:P=2:3
    II. BENTANG ALAM PEGUNUNGAN SESAR

    Bentuk muka bumi:


    1.Punggungan Blok Sesar
    (dengan gawir sesar, gawir jalur sesar/fault line scarp, faset segitiga, faset trapesoid)
    2. Perbukitan/punggungan Horst
    3. Perbukitan/Punggungan Zona Sesar
    4. Perbukitan/Punggungan Bancuh (Melange)
    5. Lembah Graben
    6. Dataran Denudasional Struktur Patahan
    III. BENTANG ALAM PEGUNUNGAN GUNUNGAPI

    Bentuk muka bumi:


    1.Perbukitan/Punggungan Dinding Kaldera
    2.Dataran Kaldera
    3.Kerucut Gunungapi (termasuk Kerucut Gunungapi
    Sekunder, Kerucut Gunungapi Parasiter)
    4.Kubah Lava
    5.Perbukitan/Bukit Intrusi (Boss, Stock, Lakolit,
    Lopolit)
    6.Bukit Jenjang Gunungapi (volcanic neck)
    7.Perbukitan Sisa Gunungapi (volcanic skeleton)
    8.Kawah Erupsi, Fumarol, Solfatar
    9.Punggungan Korok
    10.Punggungan Aliran Lava
    11.Punggungan Aliran Lahar
    12.Punggungan Aliran Piroklastik
    13.Dataran/Kipas Aliran Lava
    14.Dataran/Kipas Aliran Lahar
    15.Dataran/Kipas Aliran Piroklastik
    16.Dataran Kaki Gunungapi
    17.Dataran Antar-gunungapi
    18.Kubah Gunungapi Perisai
    IV. BENTANG ALAM PEGUNUNGAN PLATEAU/LAPISAN DATAR
    Bentuk muka bumi:
    1.Bukit Mesa
    2.Bukit Butte
    3.Dataran Antar-perbukitan
    4.Lembah plateau
    V. BENTANG ALAM PEGUNUNGAN KARST

    Bentuk muka bumi:


    •Perbukitan/Plateau Karst
    •Bukit/Perbukitan/Kubah/Kerucut Karst
    (Konikal, Sinoid, Pepino)
    •Bukit/Perbukitan Menara Karst (Mogote)
    •Lembah Dolina
    •Lembah Uvala
    •Lembah Polje
    •Lembah Kering
    •Dataran Karst

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