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    Brief History of Building Materials: Ar. Rino D.A. Fernandez

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    Jake Benliro
    The document provides a brief history of building materials from the Paleolithic era to the modern period. It describes the evolution of shelter and construction techniques at different stages, from primitive tents and huts made of natural perishable materials like leaves and wood in prehistoric times, to more permanent stone structures, and the widespread use of materials like concrete, steel and glass in industrial and modern architecture. Key developments include the emergence of megalithic structures in the Neolithic, advanced masonry in ancient Egypt and Rome, Gothic cathedrals in medieval Europe, and reinforced concrete in the 19th century.

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    Brief History of Building Materials: Ar. Rino D.A. Fernandez

    Uploaded by

    Jake Benliro
    227 views38 pages
    The document provides a brief history of building materials from the Paleolithic era to the modern period. It describes the evolution of shelter and construction techniques at different stages, from primitive tents and huts made of natural perishable materials like leaves and wood in prehistoric times, to more permanent stone structures, and the widespread use of materials like concrete, steel and glass in industrial and modern architecture. Key developments include the emergence of megalithic structures in the Neolithic, advanced masonry in ancient Egypt and Rome, Gothic cathedrals in medieval Europe, and reinforced concrete in the 19th century.

    Original Title

    Bt 1 History of Matls Week 1(2) (1)

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    The document provides a brief history of building materials from the Paleolithic era to the modern period. It describes the evolution of shelter and construction techniques at different stages, from primitive tents and huts made of natural perishable materials like leaves and wood in prehistoric times, to more permanent stone structures, and the widespread use of materials like concrete, steel and glass in industrial and modern architecture. Key developments include the emergence of megalithic structures in the Neolithic, advanced masonry in ancient Egypt and Rome, Gothic cathedrals in medieval Europe, and reinforced concrete in the 19th century.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    227 views38 pages

    Brief History of Building Materials: Ar. Rino D.A. Fernandez

    Uploaded by

    Jake Benliro
    The document provides a brief history of building materials from the Paleolithic era to the modern period. It describes the evolution of shelter and construction techniques at different stages, from primitive tents and huts made of natural perishable materials like leaves and wood in prehistoric times, to more permanent stone structures, and the widespread use of materials like concrete, steel and glass in industrial and modern architecture. Key developments include the emergence of megalithic structures in the Neolithic, advanced masonry in ancient Egypt and Rome, Gothic cathedrals in medieval Europe, and reinforced concrete in the 19th century.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 38

    BRIEF HISTORY OF

    BUILDING MATERIALS

    AR. RINO D.A. FERNANDEZ


    PALEOLITHIC (Old Stone Age)
    32,000 BC – 12,000 BC

    NOMADIC HUNTER

    CAVE
    MESOLITHIC (Middle Stone Age)
    12,000 BC – 8,000 BC

    FOOD GATHERER

    TEMPORARY
    SHELTER FROM
    PERISHABLE
    MATERIALS
    NEOLITHIC (New Stone Age)
    8,000 BC – 3,000 BC

    FARMING

    PERMANENT SETTLEMENT

    VILLAGES OF CIRCULAR &


    LATER RECTANGULAR
    HUTS

    COMMUNAL HOUSE
    CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

    TENT
    - wooden poles/animal bones as
    framework
    - leaves to form the tent

    HUT
    - broad leaves intertwined as covering
    - composite building materials were
    used (clay & wood)
    - reeds padded with clay for walls
    CONSTRUCTION & MATERIALS

    COMMUNAL HOUSE
    - wooden post & lintel to
    support the ridge pole &
    rafters
    - thatch for the roof structure
    - walls were made of various
    materials, such as clay, wattle
    & daub, tree bark & thatch

    STONE STRUCTURES
    - dolmen
    - granaries
    - temples
    -cromlech

    Construction Method was post & lintel


    CROMLECH

    A circular arrangement
    of megaliths enclosing
    a dolmen or burial
    mound

    STONEHENGE
    STONEHENGE
    SALISBURY PLAIN, SOUTHERN ENGLAND

    - The most imposing megalithic


    monument in existence

    - Known in the 12th cent. as “Dance


    of the Giants”

    - Known today as the


    “sarcen circle”
    STONEHENGE
    SALISBURY PLAIN, SOUTHERN ENGLAND
    MESOPOTAMIAN PERIOD

    Chaldea – man-made clay,


    plain & glazed bricks,
    bitumen & pitch (for
    cementing), calcerous earth
    (mortar)

    Assyria – stone, brick


    (extensively used),
    alabaster & limestone (for
    facing)

    Persia – hard & colored


    limestone, timber
    MESOPOTAMIAN PERIOD

    ZIGGURATS

    Ziggurat at Ur
    Ziggurat at Bursippa
    Tower of Babel
    MESOPOTAMIAN PERIOD

    BABYLON

    CITY OF BABYLON
    - with 100 towers and 100
    bronze doors
    MESOPOTAMIAN PERIOD
    ASSYRIA

    PALACE OF SARGON
    - entrance portals flanked with
    statues of headed winged bulls &
    lions
    - contains 700 rooms
    EGYPTIAN PERIOD

    Natural products – timber,


    stone, brick, clay

    Masonry materials – limestone,


    sandstone, alabaster, basalt,
    porphyry, granite

    Timber used – Acacia (boats)


    Date Palm (roofing)
    Sycamore (mummy case)
    EGYPTIAN PERIOD
    EGYPTIAN PERIOD
    EGYPTIAN PERIOD
    GREEK PERIOD

    Chief building materials:

    - Marble
    - other stones
    GREEK PERIOD
    ROMAN PERIOD

    Chief building material:

    - Concrete
    ROMAN PERIOD
    ROMAN PERIOD
    ROMAN PERIOD
    ROMAN PERIOD
    ROMAN PERIOD
    EARLY CHRISTIAN PERIOD

    The ruins of the Roman


    buildings provided quarry
    where materials were
    obtained. This influence the
    style of construction,
    decoration for columns, &
    other architectural features
    as well as fine sculpture &
    mosaic from older bldg w/c
    were turn into basilican
    churches of the new faith
    EARLY CHRISTIAN PERIOD
    A - Atrium
    B - Narthex
    C - Nave
    D - Transept
    E - Apse
    GOTHIC PERIOD
    GOTHIC PERIOD
    GOTHIC PERIOD
    GOTHIC PERIOD
    RENAISSANCE PERIOD
    RENAISSANCE PERIOD
    PERIOD OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

    Chief building material:

    - Concrete
    - Steel
    - Glass
    PERIOD OF INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

    CONCRETE DEVELOPMENT:

    1756 - British Engineer, John Smeaton


    made the first modern concrete
    (hydraulic cement) by adding pebbles
    as a course aggregate & mixing
    powered brick into the cement

    1824 - Joseph Aspdin invented Portland


    Cement

    1849 - Joseph Monier invented


    Reinforced Concrete, and patented in
    1867
    MODERN PERIOD
    MODERN PERIOD
    MODERN PERIOD

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