What Is A Phrase?: Definition

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What is a phrase?

Definition:
A phrase is a small group of
words that adds meaning to a word.

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What is noun phrase?

Definition:
A noun phrase is a group of words
that does the work of noun.

A noun phrase is either a pronoun


or any group of words that can be
replaced by a pronoun.
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STRUCTURES OF NOUN PHRASE

 Noun pre-modifiers:
Modifiers before the noun are called pre-
modifier. (modify means to limit, restrict,
characterise, or otherwise focus meaning).

All of the pre-modifier that are present and


the noun together form a noun phrase.

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 Noun post-modifier: Modifiers coming
after a noun are called post-modifiers.
1) NOUN PHRASE: Premodifier+ noun.
EXAMPLE:
White house: here white is a premodifier and
a house is a noun.
The three old democratic legislator: here the
three old democratic is premodifier and
legislator is a noun.

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2) NOUN PHRASE: Noun + post-modifier
( the most common post-modifier is
prepositional phrases)
Example:
The glass on the table: here on the
table is post-modifier.
The boy in the store: here in the store is
post-modifier.

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 3) NOUN PHRASE:
Premodifier + noun+ post-modifier.
Example:
The boys on top of the house
are………..
Here the is premodifier, boys is the
noun, on top of the house is post-
modifier.
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What is modifier?

 Definition:
A modifier is a word or sentence element
that limits or qualifies another word, a
phrase or a clause.
 Kinds of modifiers:
1) Pre-Modifier
2) Post Modifier

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What is pre-modifier of noun?

 Definition:
Pre-modifiers are words that are used to
put before noun and modify noun.

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 Single modiffier  Combined modifier
- Determiner - Adj + N
- Adjective - Adj+ gerund
- Adverb - Adj+ partc
- Gerund - Adj+ Adv+ partc
- Participle - Adj + N + Adj
- Noun
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DETERMINER

 ARTICLES: a, an, the.


 DEMONSTRATIVES: this, that, which.
 POSSESSIVE: my, your, their.
 QUANTIFIERS: few, a few, many, much.
 NUMBERS: one, two, three.
 ORDINALS: first, second, third.

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aDJECTIVE + noun

Adjective + Noun

Article + Noun
The article comes before the head word.
- The book is mine
- Anton will buy an umbrella

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 possessive noun/pronoun + noun
- my car is painted
- john’s book is the same as mine

 demonstrative adjective + noun


- this thief steals the bag
- these trees will be cut down

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 number + noun
The number can be definite and indefinite number.
The definite number may be cardinal or ordinal
number.
1. Definite number
- sasa prepares two books to read
- sasa finished the first chapter
2. Indefinite
- some people joined the meeting
- many girls attend the concert

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 condition + noun
Modifer of condition here describes the
noun. The condition may refer to size,
color, opinion, shape, age, and origin.
Ex:
- I see big house
- many people choose white car

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adverb + noun

 adverb + noun
Adverb modifier can be adverb of time,
place, direction.

Ex:
The nearby neighbor ussually becomes a
close family

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gerund + noun

 gerund + noun
The head of this noun phrases is ussually
stative.

Ex:
- the dinning room should be cleaned
- the printing equipments are designed here

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participle + noun
 There are two participle modifiers: present
participle and past participle.
a. present participle + noun
- indonesia is a developing country
- the running kid is my son

b. Past participle + noun


- broken heart is an indication of mental
defect.

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noun + noun

 The former noun modify the noun of


later.
 Ex:
- every town needs department store to
replace traditional market
- Andy writes grammar book of English

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What is post-modifier of noun?

 Definition:

Post-modifiers are words that are used


to put after noun.

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Post-modifiers of noun are:

1) Prepositional phrase
It is just a question of which is the more
efficient approach.
2) Adjective clause
We don’t have a constitution which stops
government from legislating certain
things.

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3) Present participle clause
The air mass bringing the coldest
temperatures is the polar continental
mass which comes in from the Soviet
Union.
4) Past participle clause
It is a school project planned for the mine

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5)To infinitive clause
And again Fred when is the time to do it.

6)Appositive finite clause


It is really shorthand for the view that
well-being depends on more than the
absenceof the disease.

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8) Adverb
…so you arrived the day before did you.
9) Adjective
Uhm let me fine you something ethnic.
10) Noun Phrase
He is in his address this morning.

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On the sentences below, mark or underline
the noun phrase
1. The old gray mare limped down the lane.
2. The silver-winged plane soared.
3. Johnny’s baby sister cried for hours.
4. The first three girls giggled.
5. Fourteen good pilots died in the war.
6. The chairman of the meeting left early.
7. The chrome-plated motorcycles glistened in the sun.
8. The pioneers in our family fled from England.
9. The dog’s buried bones rotted in the ground
10. Carol’s best china plate broke into a hundred pieces

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