Mini Project Presentation on

BIDIRECTIONAL VISITOR COUNTER

WITH GSM MODULE
 OUTLINE OF THE PRESENTATION
 Introduction  Block diagram

 Objective  Circuit diagram

 Literature Survey  Methodology

 Overview of the project  Result

 Tools and software used  Advantages and applications

 Pin Specifications  Papers Published

 Working of PIR sensors  Conclusion

 Tinkercad  References
1. Introduction

 As technology has rapidly developed over the years, the demand for automated
appliances has also increased. With an increase in living standards, the upcoming
technology is required by the people to change complexity of life to simplicity.
 We have designed a circuit which counts the number of visitors with automatic light
controller.
 This is a bidirectional counter which means it works in a two way, that is when a
person enters the room, count gets incremented and the lights goes ON, whereas on
leaving, the count gets decremented and the lights goes OFF as soon as last person
exits. This is displayed on a 16x2 Alphanumeric LCD.
 To avoid wastage of electricity which is most important resource for us, we have
added automatic light controller.
 Also when number of visitors exceeds the capacity limit, it beeps a warning alarm
and sends a message to the programmed number.
2. Objective

 The main objective of the project is to develop a system that gives

exact count of number of people entering, exiting and currently
present inside.
 Conservation of electricity.
 Also to set a limit on the number of people entering a place.
 To easily design and implement using IOT.
3. Literature survey
 Komal sinha, Richa Rashmi, Satyajit Anand,”Visitor Counter”, March 2018, IJAPRR
International Peer Reviewed Refereed Journal (Volume: 5)
This paper aims to monitor the number of people visiting some place like seminar hall, conference room,
library, shopping mall, etc. It is is mainly based on based on microcontroller and takes over the task of counting
of number of people in the room very accurately. But it does not give any data on the number of people
currently present inside.

 Mangesh Nikose, Krutika Gaikwad, Priyanka Gamne, Aaishwarya Bodke,” A Survey on

Bidirectional Visitor Counter with Automatic light and Fan Control for Room”, March
2018, International Journal of Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and
Instrumentation Engineering (Volume: 7)
This paper proposes a method which gives us the data on number of people entering and exiting
some place and also helps in conservation of electricity by using automatic light and fan control but
does not have any limit on the number of people entering and thus creates congestion. Therefore this
is not useful during pandemics like Covid.
 Jeong Woo Choi, Xuanjun Quan, Sung Ho Cho,” Bi-Directional Passing People Counting
System Based on IR-UWB Radar Sensors”, April 2018, IEEE Internet of Things
Journal (Volume: 5): 512 – 522
This paper proposes a method that uses IR-UWB radar sensors for counting people. “IR-UWB radar uses an
impulse signal that occupies wide bandwidth. It is a technology that transmits an impulse signal and recognizes
various situations by processing multiple signals that are received after being reflected from multiple human
and objects”. The algorithm devised for this method is implemented using ARM Cortex-M4 and Raspberry Pi
2 modules. Two IR-UWB sensors with antennas are fixed to count the number of people. Though the system
can detect multiple people at a time, it is not cost efficient. The sensors are high expensive in the market.

 Kartik Madhira, Aditya Shukla,” Pedestrian flow counter using image processing”, August
2017, International Conference of Energy, Communication, Data Analytics and Soft
Computing
This paper proposed a method that uses image processing techniques to count human specific areas such as
ATMs, retail shops, malls etc. “The people counter solution was made using computer vision library Open CV
for Python computer language”. The method achieved around 80-93% accuracy. The cameras were positioned
in many angles to test the accuracy of the method. The system requires real time monitoring of the persons via
camera modules which are very expensive.
 Aravind.S,”Home Automation System using GSM Technology”, October 2015,
International Journal of Advanced Research in Electronics and Communication
Engineering (IJARECE) (Volume: 4)
This paper has implemented Home Automation using Arduino and GSM module. It is designed such that the
system enables for user through SMS facility to monitor the state of home. The user receives a notification
every time the TV, fan or lights are switched ON or OFF.

 Dr.P.Satyanarayana, P.Gopikrishna, K.Soukhya, M.Satvik, Y.CharanKumar,”A Robust

Bidirectional Algorithm for People Count in Crowded Areas”, 2017, International Journal
of Pure and Applied Mathematics (Volume : 116): 73 -78
This paper involves the use of OPEN CV3 using python 3.5.2. “The implementation goes on like the process
of background subtraction on the incoming frames followed by the blob analysis using which the person can
be detected and by using virtual lines, the count of the people entering and leaving a particular area can be
evaluated”. The system requires real time monitoring of the persons via camera modules which are very
expensive.
 Winfred Adjardjah, George Essien, Hilary Ackar-Arthur,”Design and Construction of
a Bidirectional Digital Visitor Counter”, 2016, Computer Engineering and Intelligent
Systems ISSN 2222-1719 (Volume: 7)
This paper presents the design and construction of a digital bidirectional visitor counter (DBVC) using
microcontroller. It gives the count of number of people entering and exiting and also can set a limit on
number of people entering. But conservation of electricity cannot be done as automatic light controller is
connected to the circuit.

 Abhishek Dey, Subhadeep Chakraborty, Sayed Safikul Islam, Milan Pramanik,”

Design of Controllable Bidirectional Visitor Counter”, May 2016, International Journal
of Innovative Research in Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation and Control
Engineering (Volume: 4)
This paper proposes a system designed to read both the incoming and outgoing traffic and agents at same
time securely. It makes use of microcontroller and IR sensors. But it does not have a Buzzer that warns
people as soon as the room reaches max limit.
4. Overview of the Project

 The bidirectional visitor counter gives us the exact number of people present inside at that
moment as well as the total number of people entering and exiting the room.
 It helps in avoiding large gatherings in events and thus reduce risk of spreading of Covid.
 Conservation of electricity is done by using automatic light controller due to which the lights
goes ON as soon as the first person enters the place and it goes OFF as soon as the last
person exits.
 Also if the person count exceeds the limit, then the alarm starts beeping and a message is
sent.
5. Tools and Software used

 ARDUINO UNO
 PIR SENSORS
 LCD DISPLAY
 BULB
Arduino Uno PIR Sensors
 BUZZER
 LED
 TINKERCAD

LCD Display Buzzer

6. Pin Specification
 The Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller board based on
the Microchip ATmega328P microcontroller and developed by Arduino.cc.
 The board is equipped with sets of digital and analog input/output (I/O) pins that may be
interfaced to various expansion boards (shields) and other circuits.
  The board has 14 digital I/O pins (six capable of PWM output), 6 analog I/O pins, and is
programmable with the Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment), via a
type B USB cable.
 It can be powered by the USB cable or by an external 9-volt battery, though it accepts
voltages between 7 and 20 volts.
7. Working of PIR sensor

 A passive infrared sensor is an electronic sensor that measures infrared light radiating from objects. They
are mostly used in PIR-based motion detectors.
 Generally, PIR sensor can detect animal/human movement in a requirement range. PIR is made of a
pyroelectric sensor, which is able to detect different levels of infrared radiation.  The detector itself does
not emit any energy but passively receives it.
 It detects infrared radiation from the environment. Once there is infrared radiation from the human body
particle with temperature, focusing on the optical system causes the pyroelectric device to generate a
sudden electrical signal. 
8. Tinkercad

 For the purpose of simulation of this circuit, we have used a software called
Tinkercad.
 Tinkercad is an excellent tool that allows you to simulate Arduino - based
systems.
 We can simulate exercises and designs before trying them on real hardware.
 We can dump the generated code later into Arduino IDE to program the real
Arduino board, rather than having to write it from scratch.
9. Block Diagram

PIR
SENSOR 1 BUZZER

ARDUINO
UNO LIGHT
PIR
SENSOR 2
GSM
MODULE

LCD DISPLAY
10. Circuit diagram
 Here, the Vcc pin of the PIR sensors are connected to 5V pin of Arduino.
 The output pin of the PIR sensors is 3.3V logic output.
 The output pin of PIR sensor at entry is connected to digital pin 6 and that of PIR sensor at
exit is connected to digital pin 7 in Arduino.
 Buzzer output pin is connected to digital pin 10 of Arduino.
 The ground pin of LCD display is connected to terminal 2 of potentiometer, the Vcc (5V) to
terminal 1 and Vo (display contest pin) to wiper pin of potentiometer. The DB7, DB6, DB5
and DB4 are connected to digital pins 2, 3, 4 and 5 of Arduino respectively.
 A bulb is connected to pin 13 of Arduino.
 RS (register select) pin is connected to pin 12 of Arduino.
 E (enable) pin is connected to pin 11 of Arduino.
11. Methodology
 The bidirectional visitor counter uses two PIR sensors - one at the entrance and other at the exit.
They are connected to Arduino Uno.
 An LCD display is connected to Arduino Uno which displays:
 IN : Total number of people entering.
 OUT : Total number of people exiting.
 PR : Total number of people currently inside.
 A light bulb is connected to Arduino Uno which automatically turns ON as soon as count of PR >
0 and automatically turns OFF as soon as count of PR < 1.
 When a person enters the room, the PIR sensor at entrance detects motion and the green LED
glows.
 The count of IN and PR displayed on LCD increments and the bulb gets automatically turned
ON.
 As people enters, the count of IN and PR is incrementing.
 A buzzer is used which beeps as soon as PR reaches max limit.
 As people start exiting the auditorium, the PIR sensors at exit detects motion and the red LED
glows. The count of OUT starts incrementing while that of PR starts decrementing.
 When the last person exits, the PR count becomes 0 and the light automatically turns OFF.
12. PHASE WISE WORK
PHASE 1/ CURRENT WORK DONE:
 Literature survey/ literature review
 Acquiring knowledge about all the hardware components used in this project.
 Learning to use the software efficiently.
 Basic implementation of the project.
 Developing the code for simulation.
 Simulation of the project.

PHASE 2:
 Development of code for hardware implementation.
 Hardware Implementation of Bidirectional visitor counter.
 Modifying the code and adding GSM module to send notification messages.
13. Results
14. Advantages and Applications
Advantages:
 It helps in energy conservation because when there is no person inside the room, then
lights are turned OFF.
 Human efforts to count the number of people is eliminated as this project does automatic
counting.
 The power supply required for circuit operation is very less.
 The component required for this hard ware is easily available in market, and well in rate.
 The circuit is compact in size, so small space is required.

Applications:
 It can be used in educational institutions, offices.
 It can be used in auditoriums, malls.
 It can be used in seminars, concerts, etc
 15. Papers Published
1. Dhyan V, Syed Shabaz, Venu S, Shaik Muinuddin, Dr. Pavithra G, “Bi-Directional
Visitor Counter with Automatic light controller” ,Journal of Advanced Research in
Signal Processing and Applications, June-2021 .
2. Dhyan V, Syed Shabaz, Venu S, Shaik Muinuddin, Dr. Pavithra G ,“Bi-Directional
Visitor Counter with GSM module”, National Level IEEE Project Competition, GSSS
Institute of Engineering and Technology for Women, June-2021.
16. Conclusion

We have successfully designed a Bidirectional Visitor Counter with automatic light

control by using PIR sensors which:
➢ Helps in keeping record of total number of people visiting the place.
➢ Can be easily built.
➢ Does not cost much.
➢ Helps in conservation of electricity.
This project is very useful during pandemics like Covid-19 as it helps in limiting the
number of people and warns as soon as the maximum limit is reached.
 References
• https://www.ijareeie.com/upload/2018/march/38_A%20SURVEY.pdf
• https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/7945238
• https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8389782
• https://acadpubl.eu/jsi/2017-116-5-7/articles/6/13.pdf
• https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/897382?arnumber=897382
• https://www.academia.edu/9436844/AUTOMATIC_ROOM_LIGHT_CONTROLLER_WITH_BIDIRECTIONAL_COU
NTER
• https://www.academia.edu/37970883/Automatic_room_light_controller_with_bidirectional_visitor_counter
• http://ijsrcseit.com/paper/CSEIT1846195.pdf
• https://www.slideserve.com/brier/automatic-room-light-controller-with-bidirectional-visitor-counter
• https://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=https://components101.com/asset/sites/default/files/component_pin/Arduino-
Uno-Pin-Diagram.png&imgrefurl=https://components101.com/microcontrollers/arduino-
uno&tbnid=pG8CUxgViIA3qM&vet=1&docid=il9fZWG8iKA9JM&w=700&h=592&hl=en-US&source=sh/x/im
THANK YOU