Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University

Pushp Vihar Sec-3, New Delhi – 110017

Presentation on

BOTTLE SEALING MACHINE

In partial fulfilment of requirement for the degree
of
Bachelor of Pharmacy
Submitted By:
Name: Nishant kumar Sittu
Enrollment No. 52/BPH/DPSRU/18
Exam roll no. 14481
Session: 2018-2022
Introduction
The bottle sealing machine is known as a bottle sealer. It is an automatic and
powered machine that is generally used to seal bottle caps into individual
bottles. Besides, the bottle sealing machine creates a sealing barrier that
shields the inside substances and prevents liquids from leaking and spilling.
Therefore, they have considerable significance in the industrial business since it
creates convenience, rapid, time-saving, and excellent working.

Importance of Bottle Sealing in Pharmaceutical Industries:

a. A bottle seal helps in improving the security of the bottle as it makes the
bottle tamper-proof. You will be able to know that the pharmaceutical
content of the bottle is safe when the seal is intact.
b. The bottle seal keeps the bottle cap in place to avoid spillage or leakage of
the bottle content. This makes it easy for you to transport it from one place
to another without losing the content.
c. The seal also protects you from counterfeits and unfair practices in the
market. You will identify and relate a particular seal with a particular
pharmaceutical company through labels on the seal
d. It keeps any external environmental factors from entering the bottle thus
maintaining the freshness of the bottle content.
 Types of Bottle Sealing Machine
The main types of bottle sealing and capping mechanisms include:
a. Electromagnetic Induction Bottle Sealing Machine
b. Bottle Screw Cap Sealing Machine
c. Crimp Sealing Machine for Vials
d. Bottle Heat Sealing Machine
e. Ampoule Filling and Sealing Machine

Induction sealing machine

Bottle screw cap sealing machine

Manual bottle heat sealing machine Manual crimp sealing machine Ampoule sealing machine
 a. Electromagnetic Induction Bottle sealing Machine
Introduction: This is a non-contact, high-frequency process that you can use in
bonding a foil disk to a pharmaceutical bottle. The machine applies the principle of
electromagnetic induction heating. Through non-contact inductive heating, both the
inductive film and aluminum film compound film will be tightly stuck onto the opening
of the sealing object (or cup) after instantly thermal melting so as to reach the target of
seal.
Working:
I. The closure is supplied to bottler with an aluminum foil layer liner already inserted.
The top layer is a paper pulp. The next layer is wax that is used to bond a layer of
aluminum foil to the pulp. The bottom layer is polymer film laminated to foil.
II. After the cap or closure is applied, the container passes under an induction coil,
which emits an oscillating electromagnetic field.
III. The conductive aluminum foil liner begins to heat due to eddy currents. The heat
melts the wax, which is absorbed into the pulp backing and releases the foil from
the cap.
IV. The polymer film also heats and flows onto the lip of the container. When cooled,
the polymer creates bond with container resulting in a hermetically sealed product.
Where to use Induction sealing technique:
V. Formation of tubes from flexible materials
VI. Sealing of plastic packages such as sachets for easy access
 b. Bottle Screw Cap Sealing Machine
Introduction: This machine will ensure that the bottles receive a lasting seal
through the screw cap method.
Working:
i. Loading the Screw Caps: First, you need to load the screw caps on the bowl for caps
before the sealing process begins. Since the screw cap sealing machine is part of a
production line, it has a connection to the filling machine. Implying that the bottles
will be coming from the filling machine through to the sealing machine on star
plates. The conveyor belts also enable the swift movement of the star plates.
ii. Placing the sealing material on the caps: The machine will collect the sealing
material from the sealing material hopper. In most cases, the sealing material is
rubber. At the same time, the cap delivery chute delivers the caps. The machine
places the rubber seals inside the caps in a uniform manner.
iii. Sealing Process: As the bottle move to the sealing station, the caps complete with
the rubber seals also move to the same station. Once at the sealing station, the
machine automatically places the caps on the bottles and tightens the cap. In the
process, it manages to seal the bottles through the screw cap.
Benefits of Bottle screw cap sealing machine:
I. Prevent the content from spilling
II. Prevent the growth of pathogenic micro-organisms hence keeping the products
safe
 c. Crimp Sealing Machine for Vials
Introduction: Crimp sealing Machine for Vials: This is a non-shearing, and patent-
pending machine that uses continuous motion to automatically crimp and flip-off caps.
Working:
i. Preparation stage: First, you need to make sure that all the sealing parameters are
in place. This includes loading the raw materials such as the foil sealing materials
onto the sealing material hopper.
ii. Orientation of the vials: The conveyor belt system moves the vials from the filling
station to the sealing station. As the vials move, they will pass through the vibratory
bowl table which will orient them perfectly for the sealing process. At the same
time, the machine automatically picks the sealing material through the delivery
system. It delivers the aluminum foil to the crimping station.
iii. Crimping the Sealing Material: At this point, the sealing material meets the vials at
the sealing stage. The blades which are part of the crimping tool kit cut the
aluminum foil to the right sizes. The crimping process involves applying pressure on
the seal to cover part or the whole cap. After that, the crimping unit rotates in a
circular direction and creates a seal.
Benefits of crimp sealing machine for vials:
I. Provides the most efficient platform for multitasking as it can seal different types,
sizes, and shapes of bottles.
II. It will save the cost of production as well as time.
 d. Bottle Heat Sealing Machine
Introduction: Bottle heat sealing machines are versatile devices that depend on
a heating principle to secure a seal on a bottle.
Working:
I. Preparation Stage: At this point, you will load the sealing material most preferably
foil onto the foil hopper.
II. Preparing the sealing material: In this case, we will be using foil as the main sealing
material. The machine will initiate a delivery system of the foil from the foil hopper
to the sealing station.
III. Actual Sealing Process: At this point, the bottles and the sealing materials meet at
the sealing stage. With the help of the round wire conversion kits, the machine
place and shapes the sealing materials on the bottles. At the same time, the
electric unit provides enough power to heat the heating coils or heating bar
IV. Cooling Stage: The cooling system has a series of fans that blast cold air on the seals
forcing them to cool. The molten foil adheres to the bottle and creates a hermetic
seal.
Benefits of crimp sealing machine for vials:
V. The machine is more efficient and accurate in the sealing process of the bottles
with little to no mistakes.
VI. It is flexible and can accommodate different types of bottles in terms of size and
shape of the bottles.
 e. Ampoule Filling and Sealing Machine
Introduction: This is a type of machine that you will use in sealing liquid
drug bottles or small glass ampoules. The machines have special designs that can easily
seal the drugs in small glass bottles.
Working:
I. Reception of the Ampules and Filling Liquid
II. Pre-gassing the Ampules: At this point, the machine will gas the bottles in an
attempt to get rid of any air inside the ampules.
III. Filling the Ampules: At this point, The machine initiates the filling process by
triggering the plunger to squeeze the liquid out. The liquid filler flows directly into
the ampules through the needle bevel.
IV. Post gassing: After that, the machine moves the ampules through the gassing stage
once more. The gassing helps in the elimination of any trapped air and also
prepares the ampules for sealing.
V. Sealing the Ampules: Ampules are passed through main heating stage at higher
temperatures. The glass ampules will melt and form complete seal above ampules.
Benefits of Ampoule Filling and sealing Machine:
VI. Ampoule will prevent drugs from pathogenic and environment effects.
VII. It becomes very easy to store the right quantity of drugs that you will specifically
need in a hospital.
 Applications
1. Pharmaceutical industry for sealing drugs in different containers.
2. Food industry for sealing sensitive food ingredients from exposure to external
environmental factors.
3. Cosmetics, beauty, health industries and chemical industry.
4. Agricultural industry for sealing pesticide and fertilizer bottles.
5. Inks, paints, carbon products, laundry products, and dyes to maintain the integrity
of the content.
6. Many of the machines have stainless steel as the main material as it is strong,
durable, aseptic, and easy to clean.
7. Accurate drive mechanism: It should conform and accurately follow the sealing
settings according to the programming on the PLC control system
8. Bottle sealing machine helps businesses to maintain consistency, high production
rate and to provide safety to the product.
 DELHI PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES AND RESEARCH UNIVERSITY
Pushp Vihar Sec-3, New Delhi – 110017

STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE

Operating Procedure:
1. Switch ON the mains. Ensure the cleanliness of the Bottle Sealing Machine, its parts, area
and “CLEANED” label on it.
2. Before starting the operation production person get the line clearance from Q.A. person
and affix the status label with Product Name, Batch Details to Equipment and area.
3. Adjust the height of the machine for a gap of about 2mm between the container/Cap and
sealing head.
4. Adjust trigger switch position when the container/cap is in the place under the centre of
the sealing.
5. On the front panel select the heating time (approx. 3.5 sec) by pressing p or q button, for
proper sealing.
6. Insert container to trigger and allow to complete sealing cycle/time. The unit will
automatically start when the container is in place.
7. During the operation at every half hour interval pharmacist shall conduct a random check
of sealed bottles and counter check for: Sealing quality and drug quantity.
8. After completion of operation turn OFF the mains.

NOTE: Sufficient trial run should be taken with empty bottles to ensure satisfactory sealing
before starting actual Sealing operation. The bottles used in this process should be discarded.
References
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Induction_sealing
2. https://www.saintytec.com/bottle-sealing-machine/
3. US 2937481 A, Jack Palmer, "Method of producing a package", published
1958. https://patents.google.com/patent/US2937481
4. Roop K Khar, SP Vyas, Farhan J Ahmad, Gaurav K Jain, The Theory and
Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, Fourth Edition, CBS Publishers &
Distributors pvt.ltd
5. https://www.pharmaguideline.com/p/pharma-sops.html
6. https://pharmaceuticalupdates.com/2021/07/07/induction-cap-sealing-ma
chine-performance-qualification-protocol/