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    Unit - V Polymer Processing Blow Moulding: Shankamitra T P 2016110039 B.E.Material Science Engineering

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    Rony Shiela
    This document discusses different polymer processing techniques, focusing on blow moulding. It describes three main types of blow moulding: 1) Extrusion blow moulding, where plastic is extruded into a hollow tube then inflated into a mold cavity. It can produce parts continuously and is low cost but limited to hollow shapes. 2) Injection blow moulding, where a preform is injection molded then blown into a finished shape. It produces accurate neck sizes but is difficult for large containers. 3) Stretch blow moulding, where a preform is stretched and blown for increased strength. It uses less material and is best for PET bottles but has high costs.

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    Unit - V Polymer Processing Blow Moulding: Shankamitra T P 2016110039 B.E.Material Science Engineering

    Uploaded by

    Rony Shiela
    68 views18 pages
    This document discusses different polymer processing techniques, focusing on blow moulding. It describes three main types of blow moulding: 1) Extrusion blow moulding, where plastic is extruded into a hollow tube then inflated into a mold cavity. It can produce parts continuously and is low cost but limited to hollow shapes. 2) Injection blow moulding, where a preform is injection molded then blown into a finished shape. It produces accurate neck sizes but is difficult for large containers. 3) Stretch blow moulding, where a preform is stretched and blown for increased strength. It uses less material and is best for PET bottles but has high costs.

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    This document discusses different polymer processing techniques, focusing on blow moulding. It describes three main types of blow moulding: 1) Extrusion blow moulding, where plastic is extruded into a hollow tube then inflated into a mold cavity. It can produce parts continuously and is low cost but limited to hollow shapes. 2) Injection blow moulding, where a preform is injection molded then blown into a finished shape. It produces accurate neck sizes but is difficult for large containers. 3) Stretch blow moulding, where a preform is stretched and blown for increased strength. It uses less material and is best for PET bottles but has high costs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    68 views18 pages

    Unit - V Polymer Processing Blow Moulding: Shankamitra T P 2016110039 B.E.Material Science Engineering

    Uploaded by

    Rony Shiela
    This document discusses different polymer processing techniques, focusing on blow moulding. It describes three main types of blow moulding: 1) Extrusion blow moulding, where plastic is extruded into a hollow tube then inflated into a mold cavity. It can produce parts continuously and is low cost but limited to hollow shapes. 2) Injection blow moulding, where a preform is injection molded then blown into a finished shape. It produces accurate neck sizes but is difficult for large containers. 3) Stretch blow moulding, where a preform is stretched and blown for increased strength. It uses less material and is best for PET bottles but has high costs.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    UNIT - V

    POLYMER PROCESSING
    BLOW MOULDING
    SHANKAMITRA T P
    2016110039
    B.E.MATERIAL SCIENCE ENGINEERING
    MOULDING:
     Moulding is the process of shaping plastic using rigid frame or
    mould.
     This process allows the creation of all shapes and sizes with huge
    design and flexibility.
     Different plastic moulding techniques include rotational ,injection,
    blow moulding.
     A mold or mould is a hollowed-out block that is filled with a liquid
    or pliable material such as plastic raw material.
     The liquid hardens or sets inside the mold, adopting its shape.
    INTRODUCTION:
    • Blow molding is a molding process in which air pressure is used to inflate soft plastic into
    a mold cavity. It is an important industrial process for making one-piece hollow plastic parts
    with thin walls, such as bottles and similar containers
    • Blow molding is accomplished in two steps: (1) fabrication of a starting tube of molten plastic,
    called a parison and (2) inflation of the tube to the desired final shape.
    • The blow molding process begins with melting down the plastic and forming it into a 
    parison .
    • WHAT IS PARISON: also called preform
    a hollow tube of plastic to be formed into a hollow object, as a bottle, by blow molding.
    Types of
    blow
    moulding

    Extrusion blow Injection blow Stretch blow


    moulding moulding moulding
    EXTUSION BLOW MOULDING:
     in Extrusion Blow Moulding (EBM), plastic is melted and extruded into a
    hollow tube (a parison).
     This parison is then captured by closing it into a cooled metal mold.
     Air is then blown into the parison, inflating it into the shape of the hollow bottle,
    container, or part.
     After the plastic has cooled sufficiently, the mold is opened and the part is
    ejected.
    EXTRUSION BLOW MOULDING is of two types:
      Continuous and Intermittent Extrusion Blow Moulding.
     In Continuous Extrusion Blow Moulding the parison is extruded continuously
    and the individual parts are cut off by a suitable knife.
     In Intermittent blow moulding there are two processes: straight intermittent is
    similar to injection moulding whereby the screw turns, then stops and pushes the
    melt out.
    • Advantages of extrusion blow moulding :
     low tool and die cost
     fast production rates
     ability to mould complex part
     Handles can be incorporated in the design.
    • Disadvantages of extrusion blow moulding :
     limited to hollow parts
     high scrap rate
     to increase barrier properties multilayer parisons of different
    materials are used thus not recyclable.
     To make wide neck jars spin trimming is necessary
    APPLICATIONS:
    • Examples of parts made by the EBM process include most hollow products, milk
    bottles, shampoo bottles, automotive ducting, watering cans and hollow industrial
    parts such as drums.
    MATERIALS USED :
    • It can be used with PET, HDPE, PVC, PC, and PP

    This process can be used to create diverse bottle and container shapes, sizes with
    varying neck openings.
    Depending on the machine, up to 350 bottles can be made per hour. Extrusion blow
    moulds are usually less expensive than injection blow moulds and faster to produce.
    INJECTION BLOW MOULDING:
    • Injection 
    Molten polymer flows into the injection cavity via the hot runner block, to produce
    the desired shape of the PREFORM (parison) with a mandrel (the core pin)
    producing the inner diameter and the injection cavity the outer. After a set time
    the injection moulds and core pins part and the preform held in a neck carrier is
    rotated 90º.

    • Blowing 
    Once conditioned to the correct temperature the preform is ready for BLOWING
    to the finished shape. Once the preform is within the BLOWMOULD area the
    moulds close, a stretch rod is introduced to stretch the preform longitudinally and
    using two levels of air pressure, the preform is blown circumferentially.

    Discharge 
    After a set time for cooling the moulds open and the preform is removed via drop
    chutes or robotics. In practice the four stages are carried out concurrently using
    a revolving carousel of moulds.
    • Advantages:
    It produces an injection moulded neck for accuracy.
    • Disadvantages:
    only suits small capacity bottles as it is difficult to control the
    base centre during blowing.
    No increase in barrier strength as the material is not biaxially
    stretched. Handles can’t be incorporated.
    • Injection blow moulding is used for the Production of hollow objects
    in large quantities. The main applications are bottles, jars and  
     other containers. The Injection blow moulding process produces
    bottles of superior visual and dimensional quality compared to  
     extrusion blow moulding. The process is ideal for both narrow and
    wide-mouthed containers and produces them fully finished with
    no flash.
    STRETCH BLOW MOULDING
    • The process begins with an injection molded perform. The perform (parison) is
    typically pre-heated then stretched in the axial direction and blown into its
    final shape by a stretch blow molding machine.
    • This method produces a part with a biaxial (having or relating to two axes)
    molecular alignment.
    •  In this process, the parison or preform is elongated mechanically in a mold
    and then radically expanded in a blowing process.
    • The temperature needed to product the desirable molecular orientation is
    lower than in other blow molding processes with a smaller temperature range. 
    • Thus this process is harder to control. The resulting molecular orientation
    yields a material with increased strength.
    • Products can be produced with less material than if they were manufactured
    using simpler blow molding techniques. 
    • Stretch blow molding is best known for producing PET bottles
    advantages of Stretch Blow Molding:
    • In this process the preform (parison) has biaxial orientation.:
    • This increases the barrier properties,
    • tolerable
    • drop impact,
    • clarity,
    • tensile strength
    • Very high volumes are produced.
    • Preforms can be sold as a completed item for a third party to blow.
    • Is suitable for cylindrical, rectangular or oval bottles.
    These increases in strength allow producers to reduce the overall weight of a container by about 10-
    15% compared to other production methods. This saves money.
    Disadvantages:
    • High capital cost.
    • Floor space required is high, although compact systems have become available.
    • Restrictions on bottle design
    • http://designtekplastics.com/tips/stretch-blow-mold ing/
    PARAMETERS
    • The independent and dependent variable in this experiment would be the
    preform temperature and the product quality respectively.
    • Proper air usage is an important part of making good blow molded parts.
    All types of parts that may be molded on a given machine must be
    considered to ensure that all bases are touched. The air supply pressure
    must be constant for every molding cycle. It is important to have enough
    air valves available on the machine. This also requires that the sequence be
    programmed to handle these additional valves.
    • Injection speed,pressure.
    THANK YOU

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