Welcome to

CAN-bus

With

Tony Gilroy
 COURSE OBJECTIVES
Introduction to CAN-bus
Physical properties of the CAN-bus
The CAN-bus protocol
Network topology
Functional systems
Diagnosis
Programming
1. Introduction to CAN-bus
 ADVANTAGES OF CAN-bus

•Fewer sensors and signal wires due to multiple

use of one sensor signal.
•Less wires in the cable harness.
•Considerable weight reduction in the wiring
harness.
•Fewer plug-in terminals in the control unit
connectors.
•Improved reliability and serviceability.
•Large variety of new comfort functions.
 Serial Data Transmission

ECM TCM

Parallel Data Transmission

CDR500 TID

(As used in Astra/Zafira Triple Info Display)

 1 2

4
4
3

1. Engine Control Module.

2. ABS Control Module.
3. CAN-bus lines
4. Cut off resisters (120 ohms).
1. CAN-controller.
2. CAN-transceiver.
3. Microprocessor.
2. Physical properties of
CAN-bus
CAN-L CAN-H

1. Symbol for twisted wire.

2. Wire colour; green and white.
3. Symbol for CAN-low and
CAN-high lines.
High-Speed Bus HSCAN

Used for Powertrain and chassis systems

Bus Protocol GMLAN

Transmission rate 500 kbit/s

Wire technique Dual-wire

Transmission of one frame lasts Approx. 0.25 ms

Wake-up method Voltage supply K-line 15

Topology Linear

Bus cut-off resistors 120 Ω resistance at each end of the

chain

Max. number of control units 16 (15 + tester)

Max. cable lengths 25 m cumulative length in vehicle plus

5 m to tester
High-Speed Bus HSCAN
Mid-Speed Bus MSCAN

Used for Entertainment/info. Systems and ECC

Bus Protocol IVLAN

Transmission rate 95.24 kbit/s

Wire technique Dual-wire

Transmission of one frame lasts Approx. 1.25 ms

Wake-up method Voltage supply K-line 15

Topology Linear

Bus cut-off resistors 120 Ω resistance at each end of the

chain

Max. number of control units 16 (15 + tester)

Max. cable lengths 25 m cumulative length in vehicle plus

5 m to tester
Mid-Speed Bus MSCAN
 High & Mid Speed Can Voltage Range

Can -
High

3.5 V

2.5 V
2.5 V

1.5 V

0V
0V
Can -
Low
 Low-Speed Bus LSCAN

Low-Speed Bus LSCAN

Used for Body and comfort systems (lighting,

electric windows, windscreen wipers,
etc.)

Bus Protocol GMLAN

Transmission rate 33.3 kbit/s or 83.3 kbit/s for

programming

Wire technique Single-wire

Transmission of one frame lasts Approx. 3.5 ms

Wake-up method High level voltage (12 Volts)

Topology Ring

Bus cut-off resistors 9.09 kΩ or 3.9 kΩ in each control unit

Max. number of control units 32 (31 + tester)

Max. cable lengths 55 m cumulative length in vehicle plus

5 m to tester
 Low-Speed Bus LSCAN

3.9 k ohms: 9.09 k ohms:

2 = CIM 1 = DIS
3 = PDM 5 = SDM
4 = SRM 6 = PAS
8 = REC 7 = TPMS
10 = DDM 13 = SLM
12 = DSM 15 = UEC
14 = BCM 17 = AHS
16 = IPC
LSCAN Wake-up signal

12 Volts

4 Volts
 LSCAN Scope Trace

3.96 V
3. The CAN-bus protocol
CAN-bus communication Human vocal communication

Bus protocol Language with grammar

Data frame Sentences

Data fields Words

Bits 0/1 Letters

 Message on its way one dominant bit a 0 ( zero )

Check field to confirm the length

2nd check field

End of frame

Conformation field
Actual message
Not used
This contains message priority more 0’s ( zero’s )
 0 = 3,5 Volt (High)
1= 2,5 Volt (High)

Signal=Difference between CAN-

high
1 and
= 2,5 CAN-low.
Volt ( Low)
0= 1,5 Volt ( Low)
Potential difference will either be
2 volts or 0 volts.
0 = 3,5 Volts (CAN-high)
0 = 1,5 Volts (CAN-low)

1 = 2,5 Volts (CAN-high)

1 = 2,5 Volts (CAN-low)
 HSCAN & MSCAN (TWIN SCOPE)

3.5 V

2.5 V

1.5 V

1=Dominant (0)
2=Recessive (1)
 HSCAN & MSCAN (SINGLE SCOPE)

3.5 V

2.5 V

1=Dominant (0)
2=Recessive (1)
ABS / TC

ECM

TCM

CAN-bus
B

1 2
4. Network Topology
 HSCAN-bus

120 ohm resister 120 ohm resister

DIAG. CIM YRS ABS EHPS AHL TCM ECM

HSCAN HSCAN HSCAN HSCAN HSCAN HSCAN HSCAN HSCAN
 HSCAN-bus

DIAG. CIM YRS ABS EHPS AHL TCM ECM

HSCAN HSCAN HSCAN HSCAN HSCAN HSCAN HSCAN HSCAN
MSCAN-bus
 LSCAN-bus

Body Instrument
Ring Ring
High / Mid & Low Speed CAN-bus
Topology
Information flow from High to Mid speed Can-bus
A.B.S Speed signal

High Speed Bus

Low Speed Bus

Mid Speed Bus

Navigation system
5. Functional systems
Interior Lighting

Passenger
E67 compartment lamp
A162
Roof lamp

Door open
signal
Exterior Lighting

Stop lamp switch

Hazard Lighting System
 Immobiliser

Immo ID
Environment ID

OK !
 RC ID = OK ??
NO
RC ID
YES
Rolling Code
Disregard RC

RC ID + Immo ID
CIM

RC activation
+
Immo ID

Immo ID = OK ??

NO
YES

Execute RCDisregard RC
Door operation
command
+ 60 sec.

BCM Environment ID

CDLS request
+
Environment ID

Environment ID = OK ??

NO
YES
Execute
Disregard
commandcommands
60 sec.
DDM / PDM
Central Locking
Anti Theft Warning System

REC
Window Lifters
Wiper/Wash System
 ASTRA-H

CAN-Bus

07/T1
 Bus topology
HSCAN, basic equipment

07/T22
 Bus topology
HSCAN option

07/T23
 Bus topology

Engine Connector

Body Connector

07/T24
 Bus topology

07/T26
 Bus topology

07/T20
 Bus topology

07/T21
LSCAN-Bus Topology

REC UEC
 LSCAN-Bus
Internally
Connected

PAS
REC

PEPS
 LSCAN-Bus

REC UEC
Gateways and Diagnostics
Personalisation
Personalisation
6. Diagnosis
Error Processing
Error Active
Error Passive
Bus Off
Diagnostic Trouble Codes

U2100 CAN-Bus Malfunction

U2101 Maximum Configuration List Not Programmed
U2102 More Controllers On The Bus Than Programmed/
Maximum Configuration List Not Complete
U2103 Node Error/ No Communication With CAN-Bus/
CAN-Bus OFF
U2104 CAN-Bus Reset Counter Overrun
U21xx Lost Communication With…
U21xx Invalid Data From…
Do’s and Don'ts on the CAN-bus
When carrying out measurements on the CAN-bus system:
Don’t transfer data when using an ohmmeter
Do switch off ignition and allow units to power down
Do check resistance of units CAN-high in and output, CAN-low in
and output should read zero ohms
Do check resistance of CAN-bus circuit both High and Mid, should
read 60 ohms
Do check resistance on CAN-low but be aware of different readings
for units (see table) special tool required
Don’t disconnect units when there is still infodata exchange over
the bus
Green flashing light
Note: F6: E.O.B.D.
F0 and F1 have been
interchanged
1 System
2 Main controller
3 Trouble code definition
4 Trouble code status
1 Control units within Body systems
7. Programming
Replacing or Exchanging Control Units
Reset the control unit
Disconnect the control unit
Install the new control unit
Program the new control unit
Resetting Control Units
Tech 2
Select Functional System
Select Programming
Select Control Unit
Perform Reset Function
Programming Control Units
Tech 2
Select Functional System
Select Programming
Select Control Unit
Perform Program Function
 Overview of control units
Standard HSCAN

CIM

ECU

ABS

07/T2
HSCAN Bus Topology

UEC CDC

120 OHM CIM

TCM
RESISTORS

DLC
ECM
 HSCAN Bus Topology
AHL/ UEC CDC
AFL

EHPS
TCM

PRIVATE CAN
YRS ABS
 Overview of control units
EHPS - two versions

With (ZF) HSCAN connection for

engines of over 1.6 litres (except Z
17 DTL)

Without (TRW) HSCAN connection:

System as Astra G. Diagnosis is then
via diagnostic plug, pin 7
HSCAN connector

07/T4
 Overview of control units
HSCAN option

EHPS TCM/MTA

CDC AHL/AFL

07/T3
 Overview of control units
Standard MSCAN

TID

07//T5
MSCAN-Bus
Resistor located within
DIS - 60 ohms
 Overview of control units
MSCAN option

BID/ GID/ CID ECC

EHU DAB

07/T6
 Overview of control units
Standard LSCAN

CIM UEC

IPC SDM

TID REC

07/T7
 Overview of control units
LSCAN option

PAS

TPMS

EHS/AHS

07/T8
 Differences with respect to Vectra-C
VECTRA-C
Light switch
Hazard warning EWW, rear
switch
Brake fluid B CL, rear
level C
M Interior lighting
Ambient temperature
sensor

EWW, front
P
LSCAN D
M
+
D
D
M CL, front

07/T9
 Differences with respect to Vectra-C
ASTRA-H
Light switch
Hazard warning EWW, rear
switch
Brake fluid B CL, rear
level C
M Interior lighting
Ambient temperature
sensor

EWW, front
P
LSCAN D
M
+
D
D
M CL, front

07/T10
 Differences with respect to Vectra-C
ASTRA-H
Light switch
I ?? EWW, rear ??
Hazard warning
P
switch
C ?? CL, rear ??
Brake fluid
level ?? Interior lighting ??
Ambient temperature U
sensor E
C

EWW, front

LSCAN
R
E
C

CL, front

07/T11
 Differences with respect to Vectra-C
ASTRA-H
Light switch
I
Hazard warning
P
switch
C
Brake fluid
level
Ambient temperature U
sensor E
C

EWW, front
EWW, rear
LSCAN
R
Interior lighting
E
C CL, rear

CL, front

07/T14
 Differences with respect to Vectra-C
Main functions of the REC:

• Window winders, central locking, alarm system

• Terminal "W"

• Rear lamps, interior lighting

• Trailer electrics (with trailer module)

• Fuel level

07/T15
 Differences with respect to Vectra-C
Main functions of the UEC:

• Front lamps, rain/ light sensor

• Wipers, washer pumps

• Coolant, brake fluid and screen washer system

levels

• Brake lining wear, ambient temperature

• Reverse gear switch (manual transmission)

07/T16
 Differences with respect to Vectra-C
Main functions of the IPC:

• Display of road speed, engine speed, tank level

• LED for coolant temperature

• AT/MTA current gear display

• Controls heated rear window/ heated mirror

• Switch strip and light switch inputs

07/T17
 Differences with respect to Vectra-C

LSCAN

07/T18
 Differences with respect to Vectra-C

InSP ... Mileage to the next service

InSP 2 Faulty bulb
InSP 3 Remote control battery discharged
InSP 4 Water in diesel fuel filter

07/T19
 Functional systems
Determine flashing frequency
Determine pulse ratio
The left turn signal
Determine number of flashing procedures
is activated. INFO from REC
F = Hz
F = Hz T=%
REC T=% Flash 3x
Flash 3x
UEC

INFO from REC:

F = Hz
T=%
3x click clack

INFO from REC

F = Hz
T=%
Template Version 4.0 rev. 03 III Flash 3x
07/T27
 Functional systems
Hazard warning lights
CLICK
Activate hazard F= 90x/ min CLACK
warning lights T= 50%

CIM
LSCAN

IPC REC LSCAN

Hard-wired UEC

Hazard warning switch

07/T28
 Functional systems
Exterior lighting
High beam on

CIM

UEC

REC

IPC

LSCAN

Light switch Hard-wired

07/T29
 Functional systems
Terminal "W"

LSCAN Hard-wired

Hard-wired

07/T30
 Bus topology
HSCAN with ABS and ESP

HSCAN Private CAN

ABS/

120

120
UEC YRS
ESP

07/T25