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    A Scientific Research Be Gins With A Single Carefully Observed Event and Progresses Ultimately To The Formulation of Theories and Laws

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    Payal Sharma
    Scientific research follows several key characteristics: 1) It is public, objective, empirical, systematic and cumulative - requiring freely available information and careful documentation to allow for replication and verification of findings. 2) It aims to rule out bias by establishing explicit rules and procedures for studies. Facts are prioritized over interpretations. 3) Research links abstract concepts to the empirical world through observations and measurements, building on past studies to advance knowledge in a predictive manner. Theories are evaluated based on their ability to successfully predict phenomena.

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    A Scientific Research Be Gins With A Single Carefully Observed Event and Progresses Ultimately To The Formulation of Theories and Laws

    Uploaded by

    Payal Sharma
    102 views6 pages
    Scientific research follows several key characteristics: 1) It is public, objective, empirical, systematic and cumulative - requiring freely available information and careful documentation to allow for replication and verification of findings. 2) It aims to rule out bias by establishing explicit rules and procedures for studies. Facts are prioritized over interpretations. 3) Research links abstract concepts to the empirical world through observations and measurements, building on past studies to advance knowledge in a predictive manner. Theories are evaluated based on their ability to successfully predict phenomena.

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    Characteristics of Scientific Research

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    Scientific research follows several key characteristics: 1) It is public, objective, empirical, systematic and cumulative - requiring freely available information and careful documentation to allow for replication and verification of findings. 2) It aims to rule out bias by establishing explicit rules and procedures for studies. Facts are prioritized over interpretations. 3) Research links abstract concepts to the empirical world through observations and measurements, building on past studies to advance knowledge in a predictive manner. Theories are evaluated based on their ability to successfully predict phenomena.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    102 views6 pages

    A Scientific Research Be Gins With A Single Carefully Observed Event and Progresses Ultimately To The Formulation of Theories and Laws

    Uploaded by

    Payal Sharma
    Scientific research follows several key characteristics: 1) It is public, objective, empirical, systematic and cumulative - requiring freely available information and careful documentation to allow for replication and verification of findings. 2) It aims to rule out bias by establishing explicit rules and procedures for studies. Facts are prioritized over interpretations. 3) Research links abstract concepts to the empirical world through observations and measurements, building on past studies to advance knowledge in a predictive manner. Theories are evaluated based on their ability to successfully predict phenomena.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD of RESEARCH

    • A  scientific research be­gins with a single


    carefully observed event and  progresses
    ultimately to the formulation of theories and
    laws.
    • 1. Scientific research is public. Advances in
    science require freely available informa­tion.
    Researchers  cannot plead private knowledge,
    methods, or data in arguing for the accuracy of
    their findings; scientific research infor­mation
    must be freely communicated from one
    researcher to another. Researchers therefore
    must take great care in their published reports
    to include in­formation on sampling methods,
    measure­ments, and data-gathering procedures.
    This process of replication allows for correction
    and verification of previous research findings.
    • 2. Science is objective. Science tries to rule
    out eccentricities (weirdness) of judgment by
    researchers. When a study is conducted,
    explicit rules and procedures are developed
    and the researcher is bound to follow them.
    • Objectivity also requires that scientific
    research deal with facts rather than inter­
    pretations of facts.
    • 3. Science is empirical. Researchers are con­
    cerned with a world that is knowable and po­
    tentially measurable. (Empiricism comes from
    the Greek word for "experience.") . 
    Researchers must be able to perceive and
    classify what they study and reject. Scientists
    must link abstract concepts to the empirical
    world through observations, which may be
    made either directly or indirectly via various
    measurement instruments.
    • 4. Science is systematic and cumulative. No
    single research study stands alone, nor does it
    rise or fall by itself. A  smart research­ers
    always use previous studies as building blocks
    for their own work. One of the first steps in
    conducting research is to review the available
    scientific literature on the topic so that the
    current study will draw on the heri­tage of past
    research. This review is valuable. 
    • 5. Science is predictive. Science is con­cerned
    with relating the present to the fu­ture. In fact,
    scientists strive to develop theories because,
    among other reasons, they are useful in
    predicting behavior. 
    • A theory's adequacy lies in its ability to predict
    a phe­nomenon or event successfully. 
    • A theory that offers predictions that are not
    borne out by data analysis must be carefully
    reexamined and perhaps discarded. 

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