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    Thoracic Veins and Arteries.

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    Shimmering Moon
    The document describes the major veins and arteries of the thorax. It discusses (1) the superior vena cava, which receives blood from the head, neck, and upper limbs; (2) the brachiocephalic veins which form the superior vena cava; (3) the azygos veins which drain the posterior thoracic wall; (4) the inferior vena cava which drains into the right atrium; and (5) the pulmonary veins which drain oxygenated blood from the lungs into the left atrium. It also discusses the thoracic portions of the aorta including the ascending aorta, aortic arch, and descending thoracic aorta. The aortic arch gives

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    Thoracic Veins and Arteries.

    Uploaded by

    Shimmering Moon
    17 views14 pages
    The document describes the major veins and arteries of the thorax. It discusses (1) the superior vena cava, which receives blood from the head, neck, and upper limbs; (2) the brachiocephalic veins which form the superior vena cava; (3) the azygos veins which drain the posterior thoracic wall; (4) the inferior vena cava which drains into the right atrium; and (5) the pulmonary veins which drain oxygenated blood from the lungs into the left atrium. It also discusses the thoracic portions of the aorta including the ascending aorta, aortic arch, and descending thoracic aorta. The aortic arch gives

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    The document describes the major veins and arteries of the thorax. It discusses (1) the superior vena cava, which receives blood from the head, neck, and upper limbs; (2) the brachiocephalic veins which form the superior vena cava; (3) the azygos veins which drain the posterior thoracic wall; (4) the inferior vena cava which drains into the right atrium; and (5) the pulmonary veins which drain oxygenated blood from the lungs into the left atrium. It also discusses the thoracic portions of the aorta including the ascending aorta, aortic arch, and descending thoracic aorta. The aortic arch gives

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    17 views14 pages

    Thoracic Veins and Arteries.

    Uploaded by

    Shimmering Moon
    The document describes the major veins and arteries of the thorax. It discusses (1) the superior vena cava, which receives blood from the head, neck, and upper limbs; (2) the brachiocephalic veins which form the superior vena cava; (3) the azygos veins which drain the posterior thoracic wall; (4) the inferior vena cava which drains into the right atrium; and (5) the pulmonary veins which drain oxygenated blood from the lungs into the left atrium. It also discusses the thoracic portions of the aorta including the ascending aorta, aortic arch, and descending thoracic aorta. The aortic arch gives

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    Large Veins of the Thorax

    (1) Superior Vena Cava

    The superior vena cava contains all the venous blood


    from the head and neck and both upper limbs and is
    formed by the union of the two brachiocephalic veins.
    The azygos veins joins the posterior aspect of the
    superior vena cava just before it enters the
    pericardium.
    (2) Brachiocephalic Veins

    The right brachiocephalic vein is formed by the union of the


    right subclavian and the right internal jugular veins.
    The left brachiocephalic vein has similar origin.
    It joins the right brachiocephalic vein to form the superior
    vena cava.
    (3) Azygos Veins

    The azygos veins consist of the main azygos vein, the


    inferior hemiazygos vein, and the superior hemiazygos vein.
    They drain blood from the posterior parts of the intercostal
    spaces, the posterior abdominal wall, the pericardium, the
    diaphragm, the bronchi and the esophagus
    (4) Inferior Vena Cava

    The inferior vena cava pierces the central tendon of the


    diaphragm opposite the eighth thoracic vertebra and almost
    immediately enters the lowest part of the right atrium.

    (5) Pulmonary Veins

    Two pulmonary veins leave each lung carrying oxygenated


    blood to the left atrium of the heart.
    Large Arteries of the Thorax

    (1) Aorta
    It is divided for purposes of description into the following parts:
    ascending aorta, arch of the aorta, descending thoracic aorta,
    and abdominal aorta.

    Ascending Aorta
    The ascending aorta begins at the base of the left ventricle and
    runs upward and forward to come to lie behind the right half of
    the sternum at the level of the sternal angle, where it becomes
    continuous with the arch of the aorta.
    Branches
    (1) Right coronary artery arises from the anterior aortic
    sinus,
    (2) Left coronary artery arises from the left posterior
    aortic sinus.

    (2) Arch of the Aorta


    It lies behind the manubrium sterni and arches upward,
    backward, and to the left in front of the trachea.
    Branches
    (1) brachiocephalic artery arises from the convex surface
    of the aortic arch.
    It passes upward and to the right of the trachea and divides
    into the (a) right subclavian and (b) right common carotid
    arteries behind the right sternoclavicular joint.
    (2) Left common carotid artery arises from the convex
    surface of the aortic arch on the left side of the
    brachiocephalic artery.
    It runs upward and to the left of the trachea and enters the
    neck behind the left sternoclavicular joint.

    (3) The left subclavian artery arises from the aortic arch
    behind the left common carotid artery.
    It runs upward along the left side of the trachea and the
    esophagus to enter the root of the neck.
    It arches over the apex of the left lung.
    (3) Descending Thoracic Aorta
    The descending thoracic aorta lies in the posterior
    mediastinum and lies to the opposite the sternal angle.
    At the level of the 12th thoracic vertebra, it passes behind
    the diaphragm (through the aortic opening) in the midline
    and becomes continuous with the abdominal aorta.
    Branches
    (a) Posterior intercostal arteries are given off to the lower
    nine intercostal spaces on each side.
    (b) subcostal arteries are given off on each sides and enter
    the abdominal wall.
    (c) Pericardial branches
    (d) Esophageal branches
    (e) Bronchial arteries
    Pulmonary Trunk
    It leaves the upper part of the right ventricle and runs upward, backward,
    and to the left.
    It is about 2 in. (5 cm) long and terminates in the concavity of the aortic
    arch by dividing into right and left pulmonary arteries

    Branches
    (1) Right pulmonary artery
    It runs to the right behind the ascending aorta and superior vena cava to
    enter the root of the right lung.
    (2) left pulmonary artery
    It runs to the left in front of the descending aorta to enter the root of the
    left lung.
    THANK YOU

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